Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics

Papers
(The median citation count of Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics is 4. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2020-11-01 to 2024-11-01.)
ArticleCitations
Investigation on the effect of freeze-thaw on fracture mode classification in marble subjected to multi-level cyclic loads100
Mechanical and fracture properties of geopolymer concrete with basalt fiber using digital image correlation88
Comparative measurements of fracture toughgness combined with visual analysis of cracks propagation using the DIC technique of concretes based on cement matrix with a highly diversified composition78
Influence of basalt fiber on mode I and II fracture properties of asphalt mixture at medium and low temperatures72
A micropolar peridynamic model with non-uniform horizon for static damage of solids considering different nonlocal enhancements71
A hybrid PSO and Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm for static and dynamic crack identification68
Effects of the lining structure on mechanical and fracturing behaviors of four-arc shaped tunnels in a jointed rock mass under uniaxial compression62
Low temperature fracture resistance of cement emulsified asphalt mortar under mixed mode I/III loading61
Effects of pre-existing single crack angle on mechanical behaviors and energy storage characteristics of red sandstone under uniaxial compression60
Crack nucleation in brittle and quasi-brittle materials: A peridynamic analysis58
Applications of phase field fracture in modelling hydrogen assisted failures56
Analytical stress solution and mechanical properties for rock mass containing a hole with complex shape56
Phase-field cohesive zone modeling of multi-physical fracture in solids and the open-source implementation in Comsol Multiphysics53
Cracking and deformation of cuboidal sandstone with a single nonpenetrating flaw under uniaxial compression52
Comparative study on fracture characteristics of coal and rock samples based on acoustic emission technology52
Fracture studies of 3D-printed continuous glass fiber reinforced composites49
On the anisotropy of shear fracture toughness in rocks49
Experimental and DEM study on failure behavior and stress distribution of flawed sandstone specimens under uniaxial compression47
Influence of lithology and bedding orientation on failure behavior of “D” shaped tunnel47
Assessment of freezing and thawing cycle (FTC) effects on mixed mode I/III fracture toughness and work of fracture of HMA asphalt mixtures44
Mechanical behaviour of a jointed rock mass with a circular hole under compression-shear loading: Experimental and numerical studies44
A review of mixed mode I-II fracture criteria and their applications in brittle or quasi-brittle fracture analysis43
Stress gradient effect in metal fatigue: Review and solutions43
Evaluation of fracture resistance of asphalt concrete involving Calcium Lignosulfonate and Polyester fiber under freeze–thaw damage42
Mechanical characteristics of single cracked limestone in compression-shear fracture under hydro-mechanical coupling42
Experimental and numerical simulation study of crack coalescence modes and microcrack propagation law of fissured sandstone under uniaxial compression40
An investigation about debonding mechanisms in FRP-strengthened RC structural elements by using a cohesive/volumetric modeling technique40
Mode II fracture tests on asphalt concrete at different temperatures using semi-circular bend specimen loaded by various types of supports38
Local stress distribution and evolution surrounding flaw and opening within rock block under uniaxial compression38
Cracking behaviors and chaotic characteristics of sandstone with unfilled and filled dentate flaw38
Evaluation of the geometrical discontinuity effect on mixed-mode I/II fracture load of FDM 3D-printed parts37
Mode I and mode II fracture toughness and fracture energy of cement concrete containing different percentages of coarse and fine recycled tire rubber granules36
Effect of temperature on mixed mode I/III fracture behavior of diorite: An experimental investigation36
Mixed mode fracture parameters and fracture characteristics of diorite using cracked straight through Brazilian disc specimen36
Analysis of notch effect in the fracture behaviour of additively manufactured PLA and graphene reinforced PLA36
Fracture and structural performance of adhesively bonded 3D-printed PETG single lap joints under different printing parameters36
New insights into the fracture evolution and instability warning predication for fissure-contained hollow-cylinder granite with different hole diameter under multi-stage cyclic loads35
Cohesive zone modeling of I–II mixed mode fracture behaviors of hot mix asphalt based on the semi-circular bending test35
Acoustic emission characteristics and failure mode analysis of rock failure under complex stress state35
Numerical insights into the effect of ITZ and aggregate strength on concrete properties34
Fracture mechanics analysis of bimaterial interface cracks using the generalized finite difference method34
Crack propagation under thermo-mechanical loadings based on moving mesh strategy33
Temporal dominant frequency evolution characteristics during the fracture process of flawed red sandstone33
Crack propagation process and acoustic emission characteristics of rock-like specimens with double parallel flaws under uniaxial compression33
Effect of bitumen type, temperature and aging on mixed I/II fracture toughness of asphalt binders-experimental and theoretical assessment33
Fracture properties of slag-based alkali-activated seawater coral aggregate concrete33
Tensile mode fracture toughness experiments on andesite rock using disc and semi-disc bend geometries with varying loading spans32
Estimation of the mode I fracture toughness and evaluations on the strain behaviors of the compacted mine tailings from full-field displacement fields via digital image correlation32
Evaluation of fracture behavior of modified Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) under modes I and II at low and intermediate temperatures32
Prediction of fatigue crack growth rate in aircraft aluminum alloys using optimized neural networks32
Modeling and studies of fracture in functionally graded materials under thermal shock loading using peridynamics32
Fracture failure analysis of freeze–thawed granite containing natural fracture under uniaxial multi-level cyclic loads32
Experimental study on uniaxial compression failure modes and acoustic emission characteristics of fissured sandstone under water saturation31
Experimental and numerical studies of brittle rock-like specimens with unfilled cross fissures under uniaxial compression31
Peridynamic investigation of the effect of porosity on fatigue nucleation for additively manufactured titanium alloy Ti6Al4V30
Crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials by fourth-order phase-field cohesive zone model30
An experimental study on failure mechanical behavior and cracking mechanism of rectangular solid sandstone containing two non-coplanar fissures under conventional triaxial compression30
On the elastic and mixed-mode fracture properties of PVC foam30
Damage characteristics and laws of micro-crack of underwater electric pulse fracturing coal-rock mass30
An overview of implicit and explicit phase field models for quasi-static failure processes, implementation and computational efficiency30
Experimental study on the quasi-static loading rate dependency of mixed-mode I/II fractures for marble rocks30
Fracture properties of the gold mine tailings-based geopolymer under mode I loading condition through semi-circular bend tests with digital image correlation29
Evaluation of fracture energy, toughness, brittleness, and fracture process zone properties for lightweight concrete exposed to high temperatures29
Effect of creep load on fatigue behavior and acoustic emission characteristics of sandstone containing pre-existing crack during fatigue loading29
Evolution of tensile and shear cracking in crystalline rocks under compression29
Fracture behavior of multi-scale nano-SiO2 and polyvinyl alcohol fiber reinforced cementitious composites under the complex environments29
Deformation damage and acoustic emission characteristics of red sandstone under fatigue–creep interaction29
Micromechanisms of coal fracture: Insights from quantitative AE technique29
Concrete fracture considering aggregate grading28
Investigation of the fracture characteristics of granite and green sandstone under different thermal treatments28
Comparative study of phase-field damage models for hydrogen assisted cracking28
DIC-based structural strain approach for low-cycle fatigue assessment of AA 5083 welded joints28
Effects of 2D&3D nonparallel flaws on failure characteristics of brittle rock-like samples under uniaxial compression: Insights from acoustic emission and DIC monitoring27
Experimental study on the dynamic behavior of sandstone with coplanar elliptical flaws from macro, meso, and micro viewpoints27
Evaluation of low and intermediate temperatures fracture indices for modified Warm mix asphalt (WMA) using edge notched disc bend (ENDB) specimen27
Mechanisms of fatigue crack growth in Ti-6Al-4V alloy subjected to single overloads27
A systematic 3D simulation method for geomaterials with block inclusions from image recognition to fracturing modelling27
Dynamic mechanical properties and cracking behaviours of persistent fractured granite under impact loading with various loading rates27
Experimental observations on the effect of thermal treatment on the crack speed and mode I and II fracture toughness in brittle and ductile rocks27
Investigation on model-I fracture toughness of sandstone with the structure of typical bedding inclination angles subjected to three-point bending27
Acoustic emission and failure characteristics of cracked rock under freezing-thawing and shearing26
Investigation of hydraulic fracture branching in porous media with a hybrid finite element and peridynamic approach26
Experimental study of the mechanical and fracture behavior of flawed sandstone subjected to coupled static-repetitive impact loading26
Experimental investigation of plane shear fracture characteristics of sandstone after cyclic freeze–thaw treatments26
Influence of chopped basalt fibers on the fracture performance of concrete subjected to calcium leaching26
A comprehensive review of fatigue behavior of laser shock peened metallic materials26
A SIMP-phase field topology optimization framework to maximize quasi-brittle fracture resistance of 2D and 3D composites26
Experimental investigation on the mixed-mode fracture behavior of rock-like material with bedding plane26
On the behaviour of small fatigue cracks emanating from corrosion pits: Part I – The influence of mechanical factors25
Mechanical behaviour of fracture-filled rock-like specimens under compression-shear loads: An experimental and numerical study25
Residual stress as a fracture toughening mechanism: A Phase-Field study on a brittle material25
Thermal fracture analysis in orthotropic materials by XFEM25
Experimental study on acoustic emission and surface morphology characteristics of concrete under different fracture modes25
An online model-based fatigue life prediction approach using extended Kalman filter25
Extended finite element simulation on Tensile, fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth behaviour of additively manufactured Ti6Al4V alloy25
Experimental study on crack propagation and failure mode of fissured shale under uniaxial compression25
Investigation of concrete cracking phenomena by using cohesive fracture-based techniques: A comparison between an embedded crack model and a refined diffuse interface model25
Experimental study on the impact disturbance damage of weakly cemented rock based on fractal characteristics and energy dissipation regulation25
Damage patterns in float glass plates: Experiments and peridynamics analysis25
Crack propagation mechanism in rock-like specimens containing intermittent flaws under shear loading25
Experimental research on the mechanical and acoustic emission properties of layered sandstone during tensile failure25
Experimental and numerical investigation on the mechanical characteristics and failure mechanism of cracked coal & rock-like combined sample under uniaxial compression24
Effect of confining pressure on shear fracture behavior and surface morphology of granite by the short core in compression test24
Thermal effect on the fracture behavior of granite using acoustic emission and digital image correlation: An experimental investigation24
The fracture load analysis of different material thickness in adhesively bonded joints subjected to fully reversed bending fatigue load24
Photoelastic evaluation of stress fields and notch stress intensity factors for blunt V-notches24
Crack growth modeling and simulation of a peridynamic fatigue model based on numerical and analytical solution approaches24
Peridynamics modeling and simulation of meso-scale fracture in recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) concretes23
Temperature dependences and rate effects on Mode II fracture toughness determined by punch-through shear technique for granite23
Prediction of the influence of loading rate and sugarcane leaves concentration on fracture toughness of sugarcane leaves and epoxy composite using artificial intelligence23
Modelling of cracks with frictional contact based on peridynamics23
New algorithm for optimised fitting of DIC data to crack tip plastic zone using the CJP model23
Investigation on crack evolution behaviors and mechanism on rock-like specimen with two circular-holes under compression23
Simulation of hydrogen permeation through pure iron for trapping and surface phenomena characterisation23
Shear fracture (Mode II) toughness measurement of anisotropic rock23
A general framework for decomposing the phase field fracture driving force, particularised to a Drucker–Prager failure surface23
Assessment of mode I fracture of rock-type sharp V-notched samples considering the size effect23
Experimental evaluation of the transient propagation fracture properties of rocks under dynamic mode I loading: An insight from digital image correlation23
Investigating the effect of printing speed and mode mixity on the fracture behavior of FDM-ABS specimens23
Buckling analysis of cracked orthotropic 3D plates and shells via an isogeometric-reproducing kernel particle method23
Mechanical behavior of anchored rock with an infilled joint under uniaxial loading revealed by AE and DIC monitoring23
An XFEM-based numerical strategy to model three-dimensional fracture propagation regarding crack front segmentation22
Fatigue damage and fracture evolution characteristics of sandstone under multistage intermittent cyclic loading22
Experimental investigation of mixed mode I-II fracture property of thermally treated granite under dynamic loading22
Experimental investigation of fracture toughness of nanoclay reinforced polymer concrete composite: Effect of specimen size and crack angle22
Effect of loading rate on mixed mode I-II crack propagation in concrete22
Establishing flow stress behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V alloy and development of constitutive models using Johnson-Cook method and Artificial Neural Network for quasi-static and dynamic loading22
Peridynamic modeling with energy-based surface correction for fracture simulation of random porous materials22
On the fracture mechanism of rock-like materials with interbedded hard-soft layers under Brazilian tests22
Evaluation of hydrogen trapping and diffusion in two cold worked CrMo(V) steel grades by means of the electrochemical hydrogen permeation technique22
Study on Freezing-Thawing damage mechanism and evolution model of concrete22
Crack tip asymptotic field coefficients analyses based on extended finite element method using over-deterministic displacement field fitting method22
Influence of chlorides on the fracture toughness and fracture resistance under the mixed mode I/II of high-performance concrete22
Study on two-dimensional mixed-mode fatigue crack growth employing ordinary state-based peridynamics22
Prediction of the mixed mode I/II fracture toughness of PMMA by an artificial intelligence approach22
Peridynamic modeling of delaminations in laminated composite beams using refined zigzag theory22
Experiment and numerical simulation on cracking behavior of marble containing double elliptic holes under uniaxial compression22
Research on dynamic cracking properties of cracked rock mass under the effect of thermal treatment21
Effects of alkaline solution to binder ratio on fracture parameters of steel fiber reinforced heavyweight geopolymer concrete21
Failure characteristics and meso-deterioration mechanism of pre-stressed coal subjected to different dynamic loads21
Mode I fracture properties and energy partitioning of sandstone under coupled static-dynamic loading: Implications for rockburst21
Theoretical and experimental researches on fracture toughness for bedded shale using the centrally cracked Brazilian disk method with acoustic emission monitoring21
Microstructure-sensitive estimation of fatigue life using cyclic thermodynamic entropy as an index for metals21
Fractal fracture toughness measurements of heat-treated granite using hydraulic fracturing under different injection flow rates21
Evolution of acoustic emission activity throughout fine recycled aggregate earth concrete under compressive tests21
Experimental study on shear failure modes and acoustic emission characteristics of rock-like materials containing embedded 3D flaw21
Progressive failure characteristics and energy accumulation of granite with a pre-fabricated fracture during conventional triaxial loading21
Loading rate dependence of staged damage behaviors of granite under uniaxial compression: Insights from acoustic emission characteristics21
The mode I fatigue fracture of fine-grained quartz-diorite under coupled static loading and dynamic disturbance21
Failure characteristics of coarse and fine sandstone containing two parallel fissures subjected to true triaxial stresses20
Energy evolution in fracture process of hot mix asphalt containing reclaimed asphalt pavement and rejuvenator20
Experimental investigation on damage characteristics and fracture behaviors of granite after high temperature exposure under different strain rates20
Experimental investigation on mechanical properties and failure mechanism of rock-like specimens containing an arc-shaped ice-filled flaw under uniaxial compression20
Irreversible cyclic cohesive zone model for prediction of mode I fatigue crack growth in CFRP-strengthened steel plates20
A suitable mixed mode I/II test specimen for fracture toughness study of polyurethane foam with different cell densities20
Experimental study on anisotropic fracture characteristics of coal using notched semi-circular bend specimen20
Pre- and post-cracking behavior of asphalt mixtures under modes I and III at low and intermediate temperatures20
Influence of bedding planes on fracture characteristics of coal under mode II loading20
A comparison of crack propagation theories in viscoelastic materials20
Enhancement fracture behavior of sustainable cementitious composites using synergy between fly ash (FA) and nanosilica (NS) in the assessment based on digital image processing procedure20
Experimental investigation on mixed mode I-III fracture characteristics of sandstone corroded by periodic acid solution20
Modeling crack propagation in heterogeneous granite using grain-based phase field method19
Rock fracture with statistical determination of fictitious crack growth19
Effect of double holes on crack propagation in PMMA plates under blasting load by caustics method19
Subcritical crack growth and fracture behavior of rocks and long-term strength estimation19
An experimental and theoretical investigation of time-dependent cracking and creep behavior of rocks under triaxial hydro-mechanical coupling19
Effect of friction at the supports of semi-circular bending tests on fracture mode of loading19
A new cohesive law for the simulation of crack propagation under cyclic loading. Application to steel- and concrete-FRP bonded interface19
Defect induced cracking and modeling of fatigue strength for an additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy in very high cycle fatigue regime19
Failure criterion considering high temperature treatment for rocks from a micromechanical perspective19
A proposal on ultra-low cycle fatigue damage evaluation of structural steels19
Macro/mesofracture and instability behaviors of jointed rocks containing a cavity under uniaxial compression using AE and DIC techniques19
Simulation of the crack width in reinforced concrete beams based on concrete fracture19
Dynamic brittle fracture in sharp V-notched rock specimens using digital image correlation method19
A predictive model to determine tensile strength and fracture toughness of 3D printed fiber reinforced concrete loaded in different directions19
Damage evolution of rock containing prefabricated cracks based on infrared radiation and energy dissipation19
Development of a method for extracting fracture toughness from instrumented Charpy impact tests in the ductile and transition regimes19
Cohesive zone modeling of EAF slag-included asphalt mixtures in fracture modes I and II18
Experimental investigation on crack coalescence and strength loss of rock-like materials containing two parallel water-filled flaws under freeze–thaw18
A GPU parallel scheme for accelerating 2D and 3D peridynamics models18
Fatigue life prediction of notched components under size effect using critical distance theory18
An improved mesoscale damage model for quasi-brittle fracture analysis of concrete with ordinary state-based peridynamics18
Effect of environmental conditioning on pure mode I fracture behaviour of adhesively bonded joints18
Transient response of several cracks in a nonhomogeneous half-layer bonded to a magneto-electro-elastic coating18
Analysis of two parameter identification methods for original and modified Johnson-Cook fracture strains, including numerical comparison and validation of a new blue-brittle dependent fracture model f18
Strain energy release rate in combination with reinforcement isotropic solid model (SERIS): A new mixed-mode I/II criterion to investigate fracture behavior of orthotropic materials18
Effect of crack-tip deformation on fatigue crack growth: A comparative study under overload/underload conditions18
Crack propagation characteristics and fracture toughness analysis of rock-based layered material with pre-existing crack under semi-circular bending18
Experimental analysis of mode I crack propagation in adhesively bonded joints by optical backscatter reflectometry and comparison with digital image correlation18
On the role of fracture process zone size in specifying fracturing mechanism under dominant mode 18
Influence of arch shaped notch angle, length and opening on the failure mechanism of rock like material and acoustic emission properties: Experimental test and numerical simulation18
A critical review of common models in hydraulic-fracturing simulation: A practical guide for practitioners18
Experimental and numerical investigation on the effect of bedding plane properties on fracture behaviour of sandy mudstone17
Analysis of stress intensity factor for a crack emanating from elliptical hole subjected to compressive stress and shear stress17
Experimental investigation on mechanical, acoustic, and fracture behaviors and the energy evolution of sandstone containing non-penetrating horizontal fissures17
Application of a micro-model for concrete to the simulation of crack propagation17
RETRACTED: Effects of tensile overload on fatigue crack growth in AM60 magnesium alloys17
Co-effects of bedding planes and loading condition on Mode-I fracture toughness of anisotropic rocks17
A physics-guided machine learning model for two-dimensional structures based on ordinary state-based peridynamics17
Nano-scale fracture toughness of fly ash incorporated hydrating cementitious composites using experimental nanoindentation technique17
Experimental study for the effect of hole notched in fracture mechanics of GLARE and GFRP composites subjected to quasi-static loading17
A geometrically exact formulation of peridynamics17
U-notch fracture in additively manufactured ABS specimens under symmetric three-point bending17
Numerical simulation of mesomechanical properties of limestone containing dissolved hole and persistent joint17
The effect of porosity defects on the mid-cycle fatigue behavior of directed energy deposited Ti-6Al-4V17
Meso-scale numerical simulation of the effect of aggregate strength on damage and fracture of high-strength concrete under dynamic tensile loading17
Evaluating stress intensity factors for surface cracks in an orthotropic steel deck accounting for the welding residual stresses17
An improved smoothed particle hydrodynamics method for simulating crack propagation and coalescence in brittle fracture of rock materials17
Laboratory-scale mixed-mode I/II fracture tests on columnar saline ice17
Experimental and numerical evaluation of the effects of interaction between multiple small holes and a single notch on the mechanical behavior of artificial gypsum specimens17
Experimental and statistical exploring for mixed-mode (I&II) fracture behavior of cement emulsified asphalt mortar under freeze–thaw cycles and aging condition17
Fracture and deformation behaviors of saturated and dried single-edge notched beam sandstones under three-point bending based on DIC17
An assessment of the fracture parameters of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete (UHPFRGC): The application of work of fracture and size effect methods17
Mixed mode I-II fracture mechanism of sandstone samples after thermal treatment: Insights from optical monitoring and thermal analysis17
Ordinary state-based peridynamic homogenization of periodic micro-structured materials17
Fracture and damage in quasi-brittle materials: A comparison of approaches17
Coefficients of the williams power expansion of the near crack tip stress field in continuum linear elastic fracture mechanics at the nanoscale16
Mixed-mode stress intensity factors evaluation of flat shells under in-plane loading employing ordinary state-based peridynamics16
Experimental and numerical investigations of the fracture in 3D-printed open-hole plates16
Dynamic mechanical behavior of rocks containing double elliptical inclusions at various inclination angles16
Analytical and experimental investigation on the effect of loading rate on the fracture toughness and fracture envelope in brittle rocks16
Water saturation effects on the mechanical characteristics and fracture evolution of sandstone containing pre-existing flaws16
Fracture evolution and failure mechanism of rock-like materials containing cross-flaws under the shearing effect16
Corrosion fatigue life prediction of crude oil storage tank via improved equivalent initial flaw size16
Moisture-induced cracking in a flexural bilayer with application to historical paintings16
Controlling factors and mechanisms of fatigue crack growth influenced by high pressure of gaseous hydrogen in a commercially pure iron16
Discrete fracture and size effect of aluminosilicate glass under flexural loading: Monte Carlo simulations and experimental validation16
Quasi-static thermoelastic fracture: Adaptive phase-field modeling with variable-node elements16
Evaluation of hydrogen related degradation of API X42 pipeline under hydrogen/natural gas mixture conditions using small punch test16
Investigation of the crack and acoustic emission behavior evolution of red sandstone subjected to water16
Fatigue behaviour of plain and reinforced concrete: A systematic review16
Quantitative characterization of the fracture behavior of sandstone with inclusions: Experimental and numerical investigation16
Using two and three-parameter Weibull statistical model for predicting the loading rate effect on low-temperature fracture toughness of asphalt concrete with the ENDB specimen16
Experimental and numerical study on failure characteristics and mechanism of coal under different quasi-static loading rates16
The crack coalescence mode and physical field evolutionary characteristics of a brittle material containing two 3-D parallel embedded flaws16
Peak strength, coalescence and failure processes of rock-like materials containing preexisting joints and circular holes under uniaxial compression: Experimental and numerical study16
Strain localization and cracking behavior of sandstone with two gypsum-infilled parallel flaws16
Peridynamic model for microballistic perforation of multilayer graphene16
Effects of water on mechanical behavior and acoustic emission characteristics of coal in Brazilian tests15
Analysis of nonlinear energy evolution in fractured limestone under uniaxial compression15
Numerical investigation of the effects of the micro-parameters of the transgranular contact on the mechanical response of granite15
A novel methodology for characterizing fracture process zone evolution in Barre granite specimens under mode I loading15
Fracture resistance curves of wood in the longitudinal direction using digital image correlation technique15
Study on mode I fracture toughness of rocks using flat-joint model and moment tensor15
Effects of coarse aggregate and wavy steel fiber volumes on the critical stress intensity factors of modes I and III cracks in self-compacting concrete using ENDB specimens15
Crack extension resistance of steam-cured concrete under different curing temperature conditions15
Multi-scale finite element simulation of asphalt mixture anti-cracking performance15
A model for fretting contact of layered materials with interfacial cracks15
A study on the failure behavior of Al2O3-Ni micro-layered beams under three point bending15
Structural integrity assessment of additively manufactured ABS, PLA and graphene reinforced PLA notched specimens combining Failure Assessment Diagrams and the Theory of Critical Distances15
0.110995054245