OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Distance Education is 1. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-02-01 to 2025-02-01.)

Article	Citations
CONNECT: a framework for building effective working relationships with distance education doctoral students and their advisers	41
The motivation to earn digital badges: a large-scale study of online courses	38
Exploring differences between students’ interactions, online presence, and cognitive presence	36
Online physics laboratory course: United Kingdom Professional Standards Framework perspective from Walailak University, Thailand	35
Longitudinal changes of student engagement in social annotation	32
From open access to open science—Open education in transition	30
The digital portfolio as an assessment strategy for learning in higher education	26
Beyond design: The systemic nature of distance delivery mode selection	22
Introducing mesocredentials: Connecting MOOC achievement with academic credit	22
Allied health clinical placements with a remote supervision model: Students’ and clinical educators’ perceptions	20
Virtual internships in open and distance learning contexts: Improving access, participation, and success for underrepresented students	20
Video use in online and blended courses: a qualitative synthesis	18
Enhancing distance learning with virtual reality: investigating learners’ engagement and outcomes	16
Threats and tensions for open, flexible, and distance learning post-COVID-19	15
Enhancing MOOC learners’ skills for self-directed learning	14
Students with mental health (dis)Abilities’ storied experiences within distance education	14
Exploring instructors’ cultural presence in online course design and delivery	12
Teachers’ use of mobile devices in suburban under-resourced secondary schools in Nepal	12
Effects of online teaching presence on students’ cognitive conflict and engagement	10
Equity, diversity, and inclusion in open education: A systematic literature review	10
Learning at a distance: recognising remote tutoring as a career	10
Toward self-directed learning: How do Nepali adolescents learn with MOOCs?	10
Effects of personal and instructor goals on MOOC continuance intention	10
From open education to open learning: The experience at the National Autonomous University of Mexico	9
Becoming scholarly practitioners: creating community in online professional doctoral education	9

Are we close(d)? Debating the openness paradox in science	9
Beyond borders: telecollaboration for internationalization at home in tertiary education	9
Examining gains and pains of a new virtual internship design	8
Doctoral students’ perceptions of student-led discussion forums in online classes	8
Transcending post-truth: Open educational practices in the information age	7
Useful lines of inquiry—what is worth investigating and how?	7
A scoping review of empirical studies on theory-driven learning analytics	7
Addressing the challenging elements of distance education	7
Open thinking as a learning outcome of open education: scale development and validation	7
The role of teachers’ social support in students’ emotional and cognitive presences in online learning	7
Research trends in online distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic	7
Understanding college students’ cognitive engagement in online collaborative problem-solving: A multimodal data analysis	7
Using learner engagement patterns for predictive modeling in a MicroMasters program	6
The online PhD dropout: narratives and meanings of withdrawal	6
Interaction in online postgraduate learning: what makes a good forum?	6
Satisfaction with learning materials in relation to volitional competence and behavioral intention in open and flexible learning environments	6
Identifying accessibility factors affecting learner inclusion in online university programs	6
Pressure on the system: increasing flexible learning through distance education	6
Enhancing learners’ sense of belonging in online threaded discussions	5
Beyond the virtual classroom: integrating artificial intelligence in online learning	5
Using learners’ self-generated quizzes in online courses	5
Higher education leaders’ perspectives of accessible and inclusive online learning	5
Open educational resources as the panacea for the decolonisation of e-learning content in South Africa	5
The role of teaching presence in students’ behavioral engagement	4
Asynchronous and synchronous remote teaching and academic outcomes during COVID-19	4
Toward building a fair peer recommender to support help-seeking in online learning	4
Deepening the focus on microcredentials—labour market sector relevance, quality and inclusion: a critical commentary	4
Distance education students’ mental health, connectedness and academic performance during COVID-19: A mixed-methods study	3
What distance learning students want from an AI Digital Assistant	3
Does the early bird catch the worm? A large-scale examination of the effects of early participation in online learning	3
A synergistic framework for curricular flexibility in online collaborative learning	3
Silver linings for learning in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic	3
Pre-service teachers’ adaptability to blended teaching and its predictors	3
Peer assessment in MOOCs: Systematic literature review	3
Online learning ecosystems: comprehensive planning and support for distance learners	3
Effectiveness of blended teaching in preservice teacher education: A meta-analysis	3
Examining online university classrooms through emotion work and feeling currencies	3
Reimagining and reexamining assessment in online learning	3
Enhanced learning engagement through teaching presence in online distance education	3
A systems perspective on data and analytics for distance education	3
Promoting potential through purposeful inclusive assessment for distance learners	3
Conceptualising distance doctoral study after COVID-19: are we post-distance now?	3
Prior experience with online feedback: its influence on students’ engagement	3
Modification and evaluation of an open-source rubric guiding inclusive design	3
Parental support challenges for K-12 student online engagement	3
Understanding self-regulated learning and learner performance in MOOCs	2
Open education in closed-loop systems: Enabling closures and open loops	2
Photos from home: Integrating lived experience in a remote-learning environment	2
Psychometric properties of the Online Learner Satisfaction Instrument (OLSI): construct validity, convergent validity, and measurement invariance	2
Investigating students’ experience of online/distance education with photovoice during COVID-19	2

Openness in education as a living idea: A longitudinal investigation of its growth and development	2
Developing a distance-based doctoral supervisory model: Inquiry over disrupted trajectories	2
Mapping racial justice to online teacher education	2
Serving students with disabilities in K-12 online learning: daily practices of special educators during the COVID-19 pandemic	2
Learners’ perspectives on MOOC design	2
Understanding college students’ achievement goals toward using open educational resources from the perspective of expectancy–value theory	2
The relationship between learning engagement and learning outcomes in online learning in higher education: A meta-analysis study	2
“Welcome to my backyard”: an intersectional approach to inclusive teaching in the asynchronous learning environment	2
Making the invisible, visible: disability in South African distance education	2
Using online photovoice and community-based participatory research to understand facilitators and barriers to online distance education during COVID-19	2
Measuring learner–content interaction in digitally augmented learning experiences	1
Implementing a competency-based assessment approach to micro-credentials	1
Systemic implications for research and practice in online education: A focus on learner, course and instructor, and organizational levels	1
Do online teaching and social presences contribute to motivational growth?	1
Effects of familiarity with digital assessment in online education	1
An exploratory study of how novice instructors pivot to online assessments strategies	1
An exploratory review of literature on moderation in asynchronous discussions	1
The case for deliberate design of the student learning experience	1
Universal design in online education: A systematic review	1
Inclusive online and distance education for learners with dis/abilities	1
An fsQCA approach to identifying pathways to K-9 students’ online learning engagement	1
Systemic considerations to support distance education environments	1
Teachers’ motivating styles and students’ agentic engagement in online learning	1
Understanding the role of online teaching assistants in student engagement	1
Internal technology barriers, learning approaches, and technology adoption	1
Home broadband and student engagement during COVID-19 emergency remote teaching	1
Teacher motivating styles and undergraduates’ self-regulation of their online learning experience	1
A learner experience framework for microcredential design and online learning	1
Validation of the Online Learning Readiness Self-Check survey	1
Characterization of approaches to online teaching in distance education courses	1