Journal of Travel Research

Article	Citations
Virtual Tours a Means to an End: An Analysis of Virtual Tours’ Role in Tourism Recovery Post COVID-19	173
First-Time versus Repeat Tourism Customer Engagement, Experience, and Value Cocreation: An Empirical Investigation	131
Customer Acceptance of Autonomous Vehicles in Travel and Tourism	104
Antecedents of Trust and Adoption Intention toward Artificially Intelligent Recommendation Systems in Travel Planning: A Heuristic–Systematic Model	102
Tourists’ Attitudes toward the Use of Artificially Intelligent (AI) Devices in Tourism Service Delivery: Moderating Role of Service Value Seeking	100
Place-Oriented or People-Oriented Concepts for Destination Loyalty: Destination Image and Place Attachment versus Perceived Distances and Emotional Solidarity	93
Virtual Reality in Destination Marketing: Telepresence, Social Presence, and Tourists’ Visit Intentions	85
Compensatory Travel Post COVID-19: Cognitive and Emotional Effects of Risk Perception	84
Examining Tourism Consumers’ Attitudes and the Role of Sensory Information in Virtual Reality Experiences of a Tourist Destination	81
Exploring Resident–Tourist Interaction and its Impact on Tourists’ Destination Image	77
The Role of Trust in Mitigating Perceived Threat, Fear, and Travel Avoidance after a Pandemic Outbreak: A Multigroup Analysis	74
Tourism during and after COVID-19: An Expert-Informed Agenda for Future Research	71
The Impact of Geopolitical Risks on Tourism Supply in Developing Economies: The Moderating Role of Social Globalization	62
Effectiveness of Travel Social Media Influencers: A Case of Eco-Friendly Hotels	60
Measuring the Valence and Intensity of Residents’ Behaviors in Host–Tourist Interactions: Implications for Destination Image and Destination Competitiveness	57
How to “Read” a Destination from Images? Machine Learning and Network Methods for DMOs’ Image Projection and Photo Evaluation	54
Living the Experience Before You Go . . . but Did It Meet Expectations? The Role of Virtual Reality during Hotel Bookings	53
Explaining Residents’ Behavioral Support for Tourism through Two Theoretical Frameworks	53
Antecedents and Outcomes of Resident Empowerment through Tourism	50
The Impact of Self-Congruity and Evaluation of the Place on WOM: Perspectives of Tourism Destination Residents	49
Integrating Authenticity, Well-being, and Memorability in Heritage Tourism: A Two-Site Investigation	49
Residents’ Cognitive Appraisals, Emotions, and Coping Strategies at Local Dark Tourism Sites	45
No Story Without a Storyteller: The Impact of the Storyteller as a Narrative Element in Online Destination Marketing	45
A Critique of Tourism-Led Economic Growth Studies	43
Tourism and Mental Health: Foundations, Frameworks, and Futures	43

Reminiscing Other People’s Memories: Conceptualizing and Measuring Vicarious Nostalgia Evoked by Heritage Tourism	41
How to Avoid a COVID-19 Research Paper Tsunami? A Tourism System Approach	40
Understanding Potential and Repeat Visitors’ Travel Intentions: The Roles of Travel Motivations, Destination Image, and Visitor Image Congruity	40
Tourism and the COVID-(Mis)infodemic	39
Does Vivid Imagination Deter Visitation? The Role of Mental Imagery Processing in Virtual Tourism on Tourists’ Behavior	39
Tourist Mental Health Drives Destination Choice, Marketing, and Matching	37
COVID-19 and Extremeness Aversion: The Role of Safety Seeking in Travel Decision Making	37
Revisiting Tourism Destination Image: A Holistic Measurement Framework Using Big Data	36
Tourism Affinity and Its Effects on Tourist and Resident Behavior	36
How Do Group Size and Group Familiarity Influence Tourist Satisfaction? The Mediating Role of Perceived Value	35
Psychological Determinants of Tourist Satisfaction and Destination Loyalty: The Influence of Perceived Overcrowding and Overtourism	34
Tourism Memory Characteristics Scale: Development and Validation	33
Social Distance between Residents and Tourists Explained by Residents’ Attitudes Concerning Tourism	33
Tourists’ Need for Uniqueness as a Representation of Differentiated Identity	32
Destination Attributes Affecting Negative Memory: Scale Development and Validation	32
COVID-19 Restrictions and Variety Seeking in Travel Choices and Actions: The Moderating Effects of Previous Experience and Crowding	31
Air Pollution and Tourism: Evidence from G20 Countries	31
How Does Globalization Influence the Impact of Tourism on Carbon Emissions and Ecological Footprint? Evidence from African Countries	31
Traveler Biosecurity Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects of Intervention, Resilience, and Sustainable Development Goals	29
Measuring Tourism Intensification in Urban Destinations: An Approach Based on Fractal Analysis	29
The Model of Goal-Directed Behavior in Tourism and Hospitality: A Meta-analytic Structural Equation Modeling Approach	29
Forecasting Daily Tourism Demand for Tourist Attractions with Big Data: An Ensemble Deep Learning Method	29
Customer-Based Place Brand Equity and Tourism: A Regional Identity Perspective	28
Exploring Tourists’ Virtual Reality-Based Brand Engagement: A Uses-and-Gratifications Perspective	27
Effect of Risk Message Framing on Tourists’ Travel Intention: Roles of Resilience and Impulsivity	27
Effects of Tourist-to-Tourist Interactions on Experience Cocreation: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective	27
Delineating the Effects of Social Media Marketing Activities on Generation Z Travel Behaviors	27
Customer Nontransactional Value Cocreation in an Online Hotel Brand Community: Driving Motivation, Engagement Behavior, and Value Beneficiary	27
The Effects of Holiday Leisure Travel on Subjective Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Experience Sharing	27
Are You Happy for Me? How Sharing Positive Tourism Experiences through Social Media Affects Posttrip Evaluations	26
Toward an Assessment of Quality of Life Indicators as Measures of Destination Performance	26
Linking Regenerative Travel and Residents’ Support for Tourism Development in Kaua’i Island (Hawaii): Moderating-Mediating Effects of Travel-Shaming and Foreign Tourist Attractiveness	25
A Resource-Based Typology of Dynamic Capability: Managing Tourism in a Turbulent Environment	25
Interaction Rituals and Social Relationships in a Rural Tourism Destination	25
Power and Resistance: Digital-Free Tourism in a Connected World	25
Collaboration and Learning Processes in Value Co-Creation: A Destination Perspective	25
Examining the Impact of eWOM-Triggered Customer-to-Customer Interactions on Travelers’ Repurchase and Social Media Engagement	25
Does Sincere Social Interaction Stimulate Tourist Immersion? A Conservation of Resources Perspective	25
Emotion Measurement in Tourism Destination Marketing: A Comparative Electroencephalographic and Behavioral Study	24
Does Positive Contact Between Residents and Tourists Stimulate Tourists’ Environmentally Responsible Behavior? The Role of Gratitude and Boundary Conditions	24
Effect of Display Methods on Intentions to Use Virtual Reality in Museum Tourism	23
Do Regional Trade Agreements Enhance International Tourism Flows? Evidence from a Cross-Country Analysis	23
Political Upheavals, Tourism Flight, and Spillovers: The Case of the Arab Spring	22
An Examination of the Influence of Emotional Solidarity on Value Cocreation with International Muslim Travelers	22
The Matching Effect of Destinations’ Crisis Communication	22
The Effect of Migration on International Tourism Flows: The Role of Linguistic Networks and Common Languages	22
Determinants of Tourists’ Site-Specific Environmentally Responsible Behavior: An Eco-Sensitive Zone Perspective	21
Travelers’ Psychological Ownership: A Systematic Review and Future Research Agenda	21
How Destination Social Responsibility Shapes Resident Emotional Solidarity and Quality of Life: Moderating Roles of Disclosure Tone and Visual Messaging	21
Ex Ante Tourism Forecasting Assessment	21

The Influence of Motive Attributions for Destination Social Responsibility on Residents’ Empowerment and Quality of Life	20
Exploring Diverse Sources of Linguistic Influence on International Tourism Flows	20
Leading for Resilience: Fostering Employee and Organizational Resilience in Tourism Firms	20
A Queer Perspective on Heteronormativity for LGBT Travelers	20
Removing Uncontrollable Factors in Benchmarking Tourism Destination Satisfaction	20
Attribution Theory Revisited: Probing the Link Among Locus of Causality Theory, Destination Social Responsibility, Tourism Experience Types, and Tourist Behavior	19
Reconceptualizing Tourists’ Extraordinary Experiences	19
Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis as a Mixed-Method and Analysis Technique: A Comprehensive Systematic Review	19
Reconfiguring Aviation for a Climate-Safe Future: Are Airlines Sending the Wrong Message?	19
Tourists’ Goal-Directed Behaviors: The Influences of Goal Disclosure, Goal Commitment, and Temporal Distance	19
The Effect of Tourism Taxation on International Arrivals to a Small Tourism-Dependent Economy	19
COVID-19-Induced Redundancy and Socio-Psychological Well-Being of Tourism Employees: Implications for Organizational Recovery in a Resource-Scarce Context	19
Place Branding: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda	19
Well-being Through Transformation: An Integrative Framework of Transformative Tourism Experiences and Hedonic Versus Eudaimonic Well-being	19
Expanding Travel Constraint Negotiation Theory: An Exploration of Cognitive and Behavioral Constraint Negotiation Relationships	18
The Black Travel Movement: A Catalyst for Social Change	18
Psychological Antecedents of Intentions to Participate in Last Chance Tourism: Considering Complementary Theories	18
Dark Tourism and Social Mobilization: Transforming Travelers After Visiting a Holocaust Museum	18
Estimating the Economic Impact of Tourism in the European Union: Review and Computation	18
Tourism Firms’ Vulnerability to Risk: The Role of Organizational Slack in Performance and Failure	18
Tourism-Induced Place Change: The Role of Place Attachment, Emotions, and Tourism Concern in Predicting Supportive or Oppositional Behavioral Responses	18
Decomposition Methods for Tourism Demand Forecasting: A Comparative Study	17
Economic Policy Uncertainty and International Tourism Demand: A Global Vector Autoregressive Approach	17
The Rich Kids of Instagram: Luxury Travel, Transport Modes, and Desire	17
How Does Mobile Social Media Sharing Benefit Travel Experiences?	17
Perceived Affordances and Regret in Online Travel Agencies	17
Emotional Solidarity and Co-creation of Experience as Determinants of Environmentally Responsible Behavior: A Stimulus-Organism-Response Theory Perspective	17
Exploring the Influence of Touch Points on Tourist Experiences at Crisis Impacted Destinations	16
The Journey from Episodes to Evaluations: How Travelers Arrive at Summary Evaluations	16
When ChatGPT Gives Incorrect Answers: The Impact of Inaccurate Information by Generative AI on Tourism Decision-Making	16
Defining and Operationalizing Eight Forms of Eudaimonia and Hedonia and Assessing Tourism-Specific Context-Dependency	16
Enhancing Consumer Confidence and Response Efficacy in Tourism: Typology and Effectiveness of the Hotel Industry’s Responses to COVID-19	16
Pandemic Severity, Policy Stringency, and Tourism Performance: A Global Analysis	16
Family Matters: Dual Network Embeddedness, Resource Acquisition, and Entrepreneurial Success of Small Tourism Firms in Rural China	16
Calculating Theme Parks’ Tourism Demand and Attractiveness Energy: A Reverse Gravity Model and Particle Swarm Optimization	16
The Role of Trust Indicators in a Digital Platform: A Differentiated Goods Approach in an Airbnb Market	15
Mitigating Tourism Social Costs during a Pandemic: Evaluating Residents’ Perceptions and Behavioral Intentions	15
“Ask Google Assistant Where to Travel” Tourists’ Interactive Experiences With Smart Speakers: An Assemblage Theory Approach	15
Responsive and Responsible: Customizing Management Responses to Online Traveler Reviews	15
High Expectations: How Tourists Cope With Disappointing Vacation Experiences	15
Tourist Intercultural Competence: A Multidimensional Measurement and Its Impact on Tourist Active Participation and Memorable Cultural Experiences	14
“Souvenir Shopping is for Schmucks!”: Exploring Tourists’ Deviant Behavior Through the Items They Bring Back	14
Understanding Effects of Tourism on Residents: A Contingent Subjective Well-Being Approach	14
Animosity and Tourism: Resident Perspectives	14
Tourism and Troubles: Effects of Security Threats on the Global Travel and Tourism Industry Performance	14
Drivers of Growth and Catch-up in the Tourism Sector of Industrialized Economies	14
Gazing at the Gazers: An Investigation of Travel Advertisement Modality Interference	14
Forecasting Tourism Demand With a New Time-Varying Forecast Averaging Approach	14
Does Local Environmental Governance Improve Tourism Companies’ Performance? Evidence from Vietnam	14
Effects of Cultural Ecosystem Services on Visitors’ Subjective Well-Being: Evidences From China’s National Park and Flower Expo	14
Is There a Gender Gap in the Propensity to Travel of People With Disabilities?	13
Evolutionary Aspects of Scarcity Information with Regard to Travel Options: The Role of Childhood Socioeconomic Status	13
Pattern Recognition of Travel Mobility in a City Destination: Application of Network Motif Analytics	13
Who Should You Market to in a Crisis? Examining Plog’s Model during the COVID-19 Pandemic	13
Competitors or Complements: A Meta-analysis of the Effect of Airbnb on Hotel Performance	13
The Impact of Same versus Different Price Presentation on Travel Choice and the Moderating Role of Childhood Socioeconomic Status	13
Would Travel Experiences or Possessions Make People Happier?	12
Bad Intentions: Customers’ Negative Reactions to Intentional Failures and Mitigating Conditions	12
Pleasure Through Pain: An Empirical Examination of Benign Masochism in Tourism	12
Rational and Moral Antecedents of Tourists’ Intention to Use Reusable Alternatives to Single-Use Plastics	12
Developing Video Vignettes for Tourism Research: Protocol and Quality Indicators	12
Spatial Authenticity and Extraordinary Experiences: Music Festivals and the Everyday Nature of Tourism Destinations	12
Air Passengers’ Preferences for Aviation Voluntary Carbon Offsetting: A Co-benefits Perspective	12
An Interactive Family Tourism Decision Model	12
An Evolutionary Perspective in Tourism: The Role of Socioeconomic Status on Extremeness Aversion in Travel Decision Making	12
Tourist Perception of the Value of Time on Holidays: Implications for the Time Use Rebound Effect and Sustainable Travel Practice	11
Determinants of Visitors’ Loyalty to Religious Sacred Event Places: A Multigroup Measurement Invariance Model	11
Probabilistic Forecasts Using Expert Judgment: The Road to Recovery From COVID-19	11
Destination Marketing: Optimizing Resource Allocation Using Modern Portfolio Theory	11
Tourists as Caged Birds: Elaborating Travel Thoughts and Craving When Feeling Captive	11
Relationality of Objective and Constructive Authenticities: Effects on Existential Authenticity, Memorability, and Satisfaction	11
Theme Park Storytelling: Deconstructing Immersion in Chinese Theme Parks	11
A Profile-Based Approach to Understanding Social Exchange: Authentic Tour-Guiding in the Sharing Economy	11
The Comparative Effectiveness of Interventions Aimed at Making Tourists Behave in More Environmentally Sustainable Ways: A Meta-Analysis	11
Engendering Pro-Sustainable Performance Through a Multi-Layered Gender Diversity Criterion: Evidence From the Hospitality and Tourism Sector	11
Pride in Transformation: A Rural Tourism Stakeholder View	10
Expanding the Task-Dominant Value Cocreation Narrative: The Role of Consumer Expertise and Social and Mental Processes	10
An Assessment of Prospect Theory in Tourism Decision-Making Research	10
Does Distance Still Matter? Moderating Effects of Distance Measures on the Relationship Between Pandemic Severity and Bilateral Tourism Demand	10
Planning Horizon in International Travel Decision-Making: The Role of Individual and Cultural Determinants	10

Developing a Multi-Dimensional Measure of Hotel Brand Customers’ Online Engagement Behaviors to Capture Non-Transactional Value	10
Framing Effects of Messages and Images on the Willingness to Pay for Pro-Poor Tourism Products	10
Cognitive Image, Mental Imagery, and Responses (CI-MI-R): Mediation and Moderation Effects	10
Quantifying Authenticity: Progress and Challenges	10
Combining Conventional Statistics and Big Data to Map Global Tourism Destinations Before COVID-19	10
International Tourism and Infectious Disease Transmission Nexus: A Cross-Country and Regional Study	9
The Contribution of Animal-Based Cultural Ecosystem Services to Tourist Well-Being at Cultural Heritage Sites	9
Detecting Early Signs of Overtourism: Bringing Together Indicators of Tourism Development With Data Fusion	9
A Magic Leap in Tourism: Intended and Realized Experience of Head-Mounted Augmented Reality in a Museum Context	9
The Influence of Source Credibility and Inspiration on Tourists’ Travel Planning Through Travel Vlogs	9
Local Leaders and Tourism Development: A Case Study in China	9
Tourists’ Visual Attention and Stress Intensity in Nature-Based Tourism Destinations: An Eye-Tracking Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic	9
Wildlife Equity Theory for Multispecies Tourism Justice	9
Regional Growth, Domestic and Foreign Tourism in NUTS Regions: New Insights from the Old Continent	9
To Whom Does Destination Anthropomorphism Appeal? Power and Perceived Control	9
Beyond a Single Firm and Internal Focus Service Failure/Recovery: Multiple Providers and External Service Recoveries	9
How More Options Decrease the Compromise Effect: Investigating Boundary Conditions for the Compromise Effect in Travel Decisions	9
Does Social Globalization Affect the Relationship Between International Tourism and Economic Growth?	8
Stress for Success: Potential Benefits of Perceived and Actual Stress While Cruising	8
When and How Tourists Engage in Citizenship Behavior: The Interactive Effect of Trait Gratitude and Positive Resident–Tourist Contact	8
Popular Culture Tourism: Conceptual Foundations and State of Play	8
Animal Ethics and Tourism: Deepening a Stimulus–Organism–Response (S-O-R) Framework	8
Social Representations of War Tourism: A Case of Ukraine	8
Building Dynamic Capabilities and Organizational Resilience in Tourism Firms During COVID-19: A Staged Approach	8
Tourism Marketing Stimulus Characteristics: A Self-Validation Analysis of Iran	8
Effects of Value-Belief-Norm Theory, ESG, and AI on Space Tourist Behavior for Sustainability With Three Types of Space Tourism	8
Charismatic Tour-Guiding: Scale Development and Validation	8
Power of Sentiment Expressions on Peer-to-Peer Rental Platforms: A Mixed-Method Approach	8
Taking Aging Parents on Holiday: A Social Practice Perspective	8
Travel While Working Remotely: A Topological Data Analysis of Well-Being in Remote Work Trip Experiences	8
Evolution of the Memorable Tourism Experience and Future Research Prospects	7
Can Tourism Development Reduce Gender Inequality?	7
Resource Mobilization and Power Redistribution: The Role of Local Governments in Shaping Residents’ Pro-Environmental Behavior in Rural Tourism Destinations	7
“I Love It” Versus “I Recommend It”: The Impact of Implicit and Explicit Endorsement Styles on Electronic Word-of-Mouth Persuasiveness	7
Exploring Secondary Crisis Response Strategies for Airlines Experiencing Low-Responsibility Crises: An Extension of the Situational Crisis Communication Theory	7
Workcation (Workation) Travel Experiences, Satisfaction and Revisit Intentions: Focusing on Conceptualization, Scale Development, and Nomological Network	7
Effect of Time Pressure on Tourism: How to Make Non-Impulsive Tourists Spend More	7
Mental Health on the Go: Navigating Travel and Travel Eligibility	7
Personalized Tourism Recommendations and the E-Tourism User Experience	7
A Sequential Pattern Mining Approach to Tourist Movement: The Case of a Mega Event	7
Multi-Modal-based Emotional Contagion from Tourists to Hosts: The Dual-Process Mechanism	7
Climate Policy Uncertainty and Corporate Investment: Evidence From the U.S. Tourism and Hospitality Sector	7
Assessing the Economic Impacts of Tourism Markets and Activities Diversification: Evidence From a New Dynamic Regression Approach	7
Comparing the Effects of Tourists’ Perceptions of Residents’ Emotional Solidarity and Tourists’ Emotional Solidarity on Trip Satisfaction and Word-of-Mouth Intentions	7
The Impact of Price Preciseness, Price Reduction, and Lay Rationalism on Travelers’ Perceptions of Deal Attractiveness, Purchase Intention, and Choice	7
Risk, Trust, and the Roles of Human Versus Virtual Influencers	7
Hitting Net-Zero Without Stopping Flying: Increasing Air Travelers’ Likelihood to Opt-in to Voluntary Carbon Offsetting	7
Does Economic Globalization Shape the International Tourism Structure? A Cross-National Panel Data Estimation	7
How do Different Types of User-Generated Content Attract Travelers? Taking Story and Review on Airbnb as the Example	7
e-Tourism Information Literacy and Its Role in Driving Tourist Satisfaction With Online Travel Information: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis	7
Invisible Power of Culture: Mapping Tourist Information Flow of National DMO websites	7
What Triggers Travel Spending? The Impact of Prior Spending on Additional Unplanned Purchases	7
Extension and Validation of A Novel Destination Brand Equity Model	6
Tourist–Host Identity Risk: Scale Development and Consequences	6
Digitally Customized and Interactive Laddering: A New Way for Examining Tourists’ Value Structures	6
How do Tourism Souvenir Purchasing Channels Impact Tourists’ Intention to Purchase? The Moderating Role of Souvenir Authenticity	6
International Tourism and Poverty Alleviation: Cross-Country Evidence Using Panel Quantile Fixed Effects Approach	6
Travelers’ Coping Strategies in the Backdrop of Revenge Tourism	6
The Role of Customer Engagement in Sustaining Subjective Well-being After a Travel Experience: Findings From a Three-Wave Study	6
Emotional and Hedonic Well-Being Experiences of Diaspora Festival Visitors: A Contemporary Migrants’ Perspective	6
Big Data for Big Insights: Quantifying the Adverse Effect of Air Pollution on the Tourism Industry in China	6
Characterizing Ex situ Value: A Customer-Dominant Perspective on Value	6
Spillover Effects of Sanctions on Airlines	6
The Hidden Power of Sustainable Tourism Indicator Schemes: Have We Been Measuring Their Effectiveness All Wrong?	6
ChatGPT for Trip Planning: The Effect of Narrowing Down Options	6
When the Future is Now: An Experimental Study on the Role of Future Thinking and Affective Forecasting in Accommodation Decision-Making	6
Applying an Extended Protection Motivation Theory Model to Predict Resident Hospitality During the COVID-19 Crisis	6
A Comparative Study of Emotional Solidarity Between Homestay Hosts and Tourists	6
A Diffusion Perspective on the Discontinuance of Sustainable Tourism Quality Control Tools	6
Smooth Talking and Fast Music: Understanding the Importance of Voice and Music in Travel and Tourism Ads via Acoustic Analytics	6
Mitigating Mortality Anxiety: Identifying Heritage Tourism’s Role in Terror Management	6
To Compete or Cooperate? Intermunicipal Management of Overtourism	6
Does the Order of Visiting Destinations Affect Their Recall and Evaluation?	5
Development and Verification of the Wellness Tourism Experience Scale	5
Airbnb Experiences: Travelers’ Purchase Behavior and Word-of-Mouth	5
Live-Streaming Tourism: Model Development and Validations	5
Seize the Time! How Perceived Busyness Influences Tourists’ Preferences for Destination Advertising Messages	5
Tourism and Emerging Infectious Diseases: More Connections Than First Meet the Eye	5
Good Match, Deep Love: Three Studies Examining the Celebrity Endorsement’s Influence on Destination Brand Love	5
Complementary or Congruent? The Effect of Hosting Tesla Charging Stations on Hotels’ Revenue	5
Only Time Will Tell: Unraveling the Temporal Effect of Negative Affective Encounters in Diaspora Tourism	5
From Tourist Experience to Satisfaction and Loyalty: Exploring the Role of a Sense of Well-Being	5
A Dynamic Tax Model Based on Destination Lifecycle for Sustainable Tourism Development	5
The Effect of Lodging Taxes on the Performance of US Hotels	5
Imagination Versus Telepresence: Consumer Patronage Intention Toward Peer-to-Peer Accommodations in Photo-Enhanced Imaginative Conditions and Virtual Reality Contexts	5
Examining Sojourners as Visual Influencers in VFR (Visiting Friends and Relatives) Tourism: A Rhetorical Analysis of User-Generated Images	5
Understanding the Factors Affecting Travel Avoidance behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From a Mixed Method Approach	5