History of Education

Article	Citations
Slavery, market censorship and US antebellum schoolbook publishing	13
Out of Africa: oral histories of overseas volunteering in education, c. 1950–2010	6
Educating girls based on the biographies of illustrious women from Spanish history (1900–1960)	5
The paradoxical effect of democratisation on the South Korean education system in the 1980s and early 1990s	5
Reimagining teaching in early twentieth century experimental schools, by Alessandra Arce Hai, Helen May, Kristen Nawrotzki, Larry Prochner and Yordanka Valkanova	5
The other American dilemma: schools, Mexicans, and the nature of Jim Crow, 1912–1953	4
Education for democracy in England in World War II Education for democracy in England in World War II , by Hsiao-Yuh Ku, London, Routledge, 2020, ix + 198 pp., £120.00 (	3
Spaces for music in English state secondary schools and the crisis of democracy, 1976–1982	3
The changing face of Colonial education in Africa	3
Saving the children: humanitarianism, internationalism, and empire Saving the children: humanitarianism, internationalism, and empire , by Emily Baughan, Berkeley, Unive	3
The work school in Spain: training citizens and industrial technicians (1923–1930)	2
Education and the life course: guest editors’ introduction	2
The formation of Japanese women’s adult education after the Second World War: a case study of the learning activities of Chofu City	2
Progressive paradox: the origin story of school janitors in the United States	2
The children’s republic of Gaudiopolis: the history and memory of a Budapest children’s home for Holocaust and war orphans The children’s republic of Gaudiopolis: the history and memory	2
‘Talk about the questions of the day, shun them not’: three late Victorian voices on the place of history in English schools	2
The dynamics of learning in early modern Italy: arts and medicine at the University of Bologna The dynamics of learning in early modern Italy: arts and medicine at the University of Bol	2
‘Our people say that they want their children to be able to become doctors, nurses, teachers’: contesting education and schooling for Aboriginal children in south-eastern Australia in the 1930s	1
Education and Religion in Medieval and Renaissance England: Essays in Honour of Nicholas Orme	1
Houses to Live In : Planning Social Democracy in New Zealand School Texts	1
Freedom, Democracy and Self-Government: The Progressive Case of J.H. Simpson	1
Beyond the curriculum: teaching history in Israeli classrooms, 1970s–1980s	1
Physical education in Irish schools, 1900–2000: a history Physical education in Irish schools, 1900–2000: a history , by Conor Curran, Oxford, Peter Lang, 2022, v + 512	1
Teaching physics to adolescents in France during the second half of the eighteenth century	1
British Froebelian women from the mid-nineteenth to the twenty-first century: a community of progressive educators, edited by Amy Palmer and Jane Read	1

Cacique, pasha, uniform-clad monster… The perception of a school inspector in Galicia in the years 1867–1914	1
Colonisation and Jesuit Education in Brazil	1
Different postcolonial conditions, different education histories: the cases of Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong	1
Educating Palestine: teaching and learning history under the mandate Educating Palestine: teaching and learning history under the mandate , by Yoni Furas, Oxford, Oxford	1
Decorative or didactic? Art à l’école and the ambivalent status of aesthetics and democracy in Belle Époque primary schools	1
Schülerinnen- und Schülerleben im 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert. Aufwachsen, Alltag und Freizeit von Schülerinnen und Schülern höherer Schulen im deutschen Sprachraum und ihre Erforschung	1
Gender and education in England since 1770: a social and cultural history Gender and education in England since 1770: a social and cultural history , by Jane Martin, Cha	1
Were there national school systems in the nineteenth century? The construction of a regionalised primary school system in Sweden	1
Educating children: future directions for the history of childhood and education	1
Oceania and the history of education	1
Schooling the system: a history of black women teachers	1
National awareness: the evolution of the concept in the Ukrainian pedagogy of Galicia (1848–1918)	1
Internationaliser l'éducation. La France, l’UNESCO et la fin des empires coloniaux en Afrique (1945–1961)	1
‘The children show unmistakable signs of Indian blood’: Indigenous children attending public schools in British Columbia, 1872–1925	1
Social Reproduction and Education: A Review of Chilean Education and Its Social Segregation Since 1820	1
Becoming women teachers: gender and primary teacher training in Ireland, 1922–1974	1
Missionaries and modernity: education in the British Empire, 1830–1910 Missionaries and modernity: education in the British Empire, 1830–1910 , by Felicity Jensz, Manche	1
Self-Responsible Self-Determination: The Educational Theory of Martinus Jan Langeveld (1905–1989), Its Origins and Sources	1
Public Schools and the Second World War, by David Walsh and Anthony Seldon	1
Emotional regulation and middle-class Irish education: a case study of nineteenth century Catholic convent schools	1
Echoing Events: The Perpetuation of National Narratives in English and Dutch History Textbooks, 1920–2010	1
“All Adults are Paper Tigers”: Pupil Power in English Schools, 1968–1980	0
America’s early Montessorians: Anne George, Margaret Naumburg, Helen Parkhurst and Adelia Pyle	0
Perspectives from the “Others”: Educational Review and the Underexplored Facets of Modern Transformation of Education in China, 1907–1938	0
The Pedagogical Readings as a unique historical source for research on the pedagogical work with disabled pupils in the GDR educational system	0
The uneven transition towards universal literacy in Spain, 1860–1930	0
The Rise of the Individual Learner: Sociological Insights on the History of Student-Centred Learning	0
From personal memories to public histories of education: a challenge for the historian	0
Enlarging the image in the lecture theatre: giant oil paintings and anatomy teaching in Spain, 1870–1930	0
The Socioeconomic Impacts of Education on the Peasants’ Living Conditions: Southwest Ethiopia, Jimma (1941–1991): A Historical Analysis	0
Divergent Pathways in North–South Education Policy Development in Ireland in the 1920s: Exploring the Influence of the First Ministers for Education on Both Sides of the Border	0
Humanizing childhood in early twentieth-century Spain, by Ana Kathryn Kendrick	0
‘Timeless memories’: memory and temporality in histories of education	0
Classical education and Darwinism: Tadeusz Zielinski’s attempt at reconciliation	0
The transformation of American sex education: Mary Calderone and the fight for sexual health The transformation of American sex education: Mary Calderone and the fight for sexual health	0
Tracing the Modernisation Project of Turkey in Textbook Images (1923–1945)	0
Restaging the past: historical pageants, culture and society in modern Britain, edited by Angela Bartie, Linda Fleming, Mark Freeman and Alexander Hutton	0
The teacher educator and the suffragist: Lillian de Lissa and Muriel Matters’ activism in Australia and the United Kingdom	0
Constructing a “Scientific Manpower Crisis”: Science Education and the Ford Foundation in Cold War Turkey	0
Debating disadvantage: self-concept, the civil rights movement and pre-college programmes in the United States in the 1960s	0
A little history of e-learning: finding new ways to learn in the PLATO computer education system, 1959–1976	0
Histoire de l’enseignement en France, xixe siècle–xxie siècle	0
Out of the classroom: ‘informal’ education and histories of education	0
The European Imprint on Japan’s Commercial Schools in China, 1890–1945	0
Old teachers: a feminist research agenda	0
Frustrated transfers: the attempt to introduce school vouchers system in Spain (1978–1982)	0
The Patchwork of World History in Texas High Schools: Unpacking Eurocentrism, Imperialism, and Nationalism in the Curriculum, 1920–2021 The Patchwork of World History in Texas High Scho	0
The beneficial tyranny of politics: emergence, institutionalisation and newer issues of the history of education in Latin America	0
Aristocratic education and the making of the American republic, by Mark Boonshoft	0
Cold War fostering of scientific elites: International Youth Olympiads in chemistry and physics 1967–1984	0

Converging forces: social movements and the origins of permanent education policy in francophone Belgium	0
William Bryant Mumford, 1900–1951: entrepreneur in colonial education	0
Thematic Analysis of Music-Making in US Residential Schools: Navigating Colonial Archives and Honouring Indigenous Perspectives	0
Girls’ Education, Social Constraints and State Policies in Northern Ghana, 1909–1960	0
Ups and Downs: The Accredited Secondary School Enrolment System of Christian Universities in Modern China	0
Harold Silver, educator and researcher, an appreciation: His work for the History of Education Society UK, his role in educational research and reform	0
Beyond assimilation and national resistance: ‘education fever’ during the colonial period in Korea, 1910 – 1945	0
Mobility, race and the politicisation of Indian students in Britain before the Second World War	0
Schooling in crisis: rise and fall of a German-American success story Schooling in crisis: rise and fall of a German-American success story , by Bernhard Hemetsberger, B	0
Teaching Empire: Native Americans, Filipinos, and US Imperial Education, 1879–1918 Teaching Empire: Native Americans, Filipinos, and US Imperial Education, 1879–1918 , b	0
The common school awakening: religion and the transatlantic roots of American public education	0
Ideological Struggle in Education: Brian Simon and Comprehensive Education Movement (1946-1965)	0
History of Education Meets Digital Humanities: A Field-Specific Finding Aid to Review Past and Present Research	0
The illimitable freedom of the human mind: Thomas Jefferson’s idea of a university	0
Learning Whiteness: Education and the Settler Colonial State	0
Education for the country girls: vocational education in rural Ireland 1930–1960	0
Promoting adaptative education for the Wongutha people:the influence of Anglo-American ideas for ‘Native Education’ in interwar Australia	0
Small Stories of War: Children, Youth, and Conflict in Canada and Beyond	0
The Jazz Problem: Education and the Battle for Morality during the Jazz Age	0
Freedom, differentialism and the partnership method: the progressive education of Norman MacMunn	0
Modern Mathematics: An International Movement?	0
Jim Crow’s pink slip: the untold story of Black principal and teacher leadership	0
The historiography of education in the modern Middle East	0
Beyond Macaulay: education in India, 1780–1860, by Parimala V. Rao	0
School inspection and state-initiated professionalisation of elementary school teachers in Sweden, 1861–1910	0
Meeting over beating: Pierre Parlebas’ alter-education of sport (1950–2022)	0
Law, politics and education: children’s periodicals in Israel’s first decade	0
The emergence of teacher education in Zambia, by Brandon P. Carmody	0
Education, Art and Activism in Post-War Britain: Nan Youngman and Pictures for Schools	0
Dyslexia: a history Dyslexia: a history , by Philip Kirby and Margaret J. Snowling, Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2022, x+ 264 pp., 39.95 CAD (paperback), I	0
Persistence through peril: episodes of college life and academic endurance in the civil war south Persistence through peril: episodes of college life and academic endurance in the civil	0
Editorial – ‘Workspace: Dialogues, Iterations, Provocations’ – a new special section of History of Education	0
The Development of Specialised Foreign-Language Schools in Soviet Estonia: Creating a Paradox of Privilege?	0
Life threads: reading the professional lives of Mary Hayden (1862–1942) and Virginia Crocheron Gildersleeve (1877–1965)	0
The crisis of the meritocracy: Britain’s transition to mass education since the Second World War, by Peter Mandler The crisis of the meritocracy: Britain’s transition to mass education	0
Pedagogical discourse on the new Ukrainian school 1917–1921: using newly gained independence to reach out to the world’s ideas after the fall of the Russian Empire	0
Irish history at school, its transnational nature and its international contexts, 1980s–1990s: convergence and divergence between the Irish state and Northern Ireland	0
Education, difference and reform in the Pacific and modern British empire	0
“A New Type of Aristocracy”: Envisioning Educational Divides in the Swedish Conservative Party during the Birth of the Post-Industrial Society, ca. 1965–1972	0
Growing up in nineteenth century Ireland: a cultural history of middle-class childhood and gender	0
Responsible Pleasure: The Brook Advisory Centres and Youth Sexuality in Postwar Britain	0
In Search of Identity: The Armenian Orphans’ Magazine Tun	0
The academic discipline of history of education in China	0
Correction	0
Introduction	0
The influence of changing discourses of childhood on 1860s educational policy	0
Sensory Discipline and Habit in Early Modern Education: The Italian Schools of Christian Doctrine	0
The X in ‘boxing’, or the integration of orthopraxy in schools: the pugilist’s body in French reading methods (1880–1960)	0
Historical consciousness and controversial statues in a postcolonial world: the case of Missionary Peerke Donders (1809–1887)	0
Histories of empire and histories of education	0
A Modest Proposal to Recuperate a Joysome History of Education	0
Shaping alternative education for all: Baden-Powell’s affiliation network of educational reformers, 1900–1939	0
What if Göbekli Tepe was an Open School? A Thought-Provoking Approach to the Genesis of Cultural Revolution	0
The history of education in Britain and Ireland: changing perspectives and continuing themes	0
Emotions, senses, experience and the history of education	0
New Studies in the History of Education: Connecting the Past to the Present in an Evolving Discipline	0
Citizens & rulers of the world: the American child and the cartographic pedagogies of empire Citizens & rulers of the world: the American child and the cartographic pedagogies o	0
Value worlds in Estonian school songbooks from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries	0
A Cultural History of Youth in the Modern Age (Volume 6)	0
Beginning and end of the itinerant classrooms considered pedagogical missions during the Franco dictatorship (Spain, 1966–1977): didactic organisation and socio-educational project	0
Education and the cultural cold war in the Middle East: the Franklin Book Programs in Iran Education and the cultural cold war in the Middle East: the Franklin Book Programs in Iran	0
Children’s experiences of welfare in modern Britain	0
Stalin’s niños: educating Spanish Civil War refugee children in the Soviet Union, 1937–1951, by Karl D. Qualls	0
Higher normal schools in early Republican China and the social-cultural transformation Higher normal schools in early Republican China and the social-cultural transformation	0
Quality and innovation in American higher education accreditation: the case of the University of Phoenix	0
Editorial	0
Germs in the English workplace, c.1880-1945	0
The historiography of Indian education: 1920-2020: the socio-political influences on the growth of the discipline	0
Catholic and Protestant conceptions of secular education in Victorian England	0
Bushido in Habsburg Bosnia and Herzegovina as an Effect of the Russo-Japanese War: Analysis of Texts Written by Alois Studnička and Inazō Nitobe	0
Missionary education: historical approaches and global perspectives	0
An African American dilemma: a history of school integration and civil rights in the North An African American dilemma: a history of school integration and civil rights in the North	0
“For Teaching Them to Read”: The Village Teacher in Eighteenth-Century Popular Education	0
The Reform of the “ Collège Unique ” (1973–1978): Reflections on the Political Economy of Comprehensive Education	0
Displaying, Not Just Doing: Learning for Citizenship and Belonging in Australian Institutions for Incarcerated Boys, 1920–1939	0
Educating the Catholic people: religious orders and their schools in early modern Italy (1500–1800)	0
Inequality in the American West: schooling at a Colorado coal camp in the early twentieth century	0
Piety and privilege: Catholic secondary schooling in Ireland and the theocratic state, 1922–1967 Piety and privilege: Catholic secondary schooling in Ireland and the theocratic state, 1	0
Education in revolutionary struggles: Iván Illich, Paulo Freire, Ernesto Guevara and Latin American thought	0
Imperial literacy, choice and F.W. Albrecht’s Lutheran experiments in Aboriginal education in post-war Central Australia	0

The formation of impartiality: late nineteenth-century attention training and bureaucratic ethos	0
Adaptations to global changes: strategic evolutions of an elite school, 1961–2011	0
The social world of the school: education and community in interwar London The social world of the school: education and community in interwar London , by Hester Barron,	0
The Sunday School Movement in Britain 1900–1939	0
Enter the Pragmatic Engineer: Ling Hongxun at Jiaotong University, 1920–1927	0
‘Nobody’s ideal’: Augustine Birrell, William Walsh and the evolution of the Irish Universities Act, 1908	0
Mapping the history of education: intersections and regional trends	0
The Child, the Chair and the Table: Furnishing Schools in New South Wales, Australia, 1940s–1980s	0
The Christian Council, moral citizenship and sex education in Ghana, 1951 – 1966	0
Triangulating Written and Oral Ego-Documents – Autobiographical Sources of Diocesan Pre-Seminary Pupils: Challenges and Opportunities	0
“Scholars in Great Need:” Responses to Refugee Staff and Students at the University of Birmingham 1933–1945	0
From Primary School Teacher to Ethno-Psychotherapist: Why Sound and Pedagogy Mattered for Beryl Gilroy (1924–2001)	0
Touchy subject: the history and philosophy of sex education Touchy subject: the history and philosophy of sex education , by Lauren Bialystok and Lisa M. F. Andersen, Ch	0
More sinn’d against than sinning? The intermediate system of schooling in Ireland 1878–1922	0
‘Roots in the soil’: the evolution of a countryside youth service in Westmorland, 1939–c.1950	0
The Concept of Nature Underlying Early Childhood Education and Care from Pre-Modern to Contemporary Japan, via Sozo Kurahashi and Kitaro Nishida	0
Conserving the American man: gender, eugenics and education in the Civilian Conservation Corps	0
How Computers Entered the Classroom, 1960–2000: Historical Perspectives	0
Exploring the Oral History of the Fort Wayne Folk School through its Founder and Former Students	0
Captive audience: how corporations invaded our schools, by Catherine Anne Gidney	0
Teachers as state-builders: education and the making of the modern Middle East Teachers as state-builders: education and the making of the modern Middle East , by Hilary	0
Exploring Knapping Learning Processes Amongst Upper Palaeolithic Hunter-Gatherers	0
Educational Discourse of Textbooks on Russian History as an Instrument for the Influence of Tsarism on the Mentality of its Subjects: An Attempt at Periodisation	0
The Vital Message: Continuing Education and the University of Cambridge 1945–2010	0
East Germany in the Horn of Africa: reflections on the GDR’s educational intervention in Ethiopia, c. 1977–1989	0
The Road Not Taken: Mori Arinori’s Conception of Ethics ( Rinri ) Education	0
A cultural history of school uniform	0
Familiar Violence: A History of Child Abuse	0
Fröbel’s pedagogy of kindergarten and play: modifications in Germany and the United States, by Helge Wasmuth	0
Christian pyrexia and education fever: female empowerment in the late Chosŏn dynasty	0
The world of children: foreign cultures in nineteenth-century German education and entertainment The world of children: foreign cultures in nineteenth-century German education and enter	0
Agriculture as knowledge: delegitimising ‘informal’ knowledge through colonial pedagogy in Bihar, 1880–1930	0
A Global Earth in the Classroom: New Voices in the History of Early Modern Education A Global Earth in the Classroom: New Voices in the History of Early Modern Education	0
Teachers and Students of the Escuela de Ingenieros Industriales de Barcelona and Their Contribution to the Gas Industry in Spain during the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century within the Context of	0
50th Anniversary Special Issue: Cover Image	0
Fearing youth, fostering democracy: conceptions of children and young people’s good citizenship and citizenship education in European policy (1976 – 2021)	0
School Subjects: Photography as Source on Children’s Lives in the History of Colonial Boarding Schools	0
‘School is everywhere’? British military children, ‘turbulence’ and the meanings of post-war mobility	0
Higher education policy in practice: digitalization and the governance reform in an Italian university (1988-2021)	0
Classical learning in Britain, France, and the Dutch Republic, 1690–1750: beyond the Ancients and the Moderns	0
Between Norwegianisation and Revitalisation in the South Sami Society: A Memory Culture Analysis of Boarding School Life and Its Aftermath	0
The spiritual life and educational philosophy of Lord Lytton	0
After Mainframes: Computer Education and Microcomputers in Western Switzerland during the 1980s and 1990s	0
Lessons in relationality: reconsidering the history of education in North America	0
African students in East Germany, 1949–1975 African students in East Germany, 1949–1975 , by Sara Pugach, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 2022, xvii + 256 pp.,	0
African American education in the Global South: tracing the influences of industrial training in early twentieth-century Fiji	0
Votes for College Women. Alumni, Students, and the Woman Suffrage Campaign Votes for College Women. Alumni, Students, and the Woman Suffrage Campaign , by Kelly L. Marin	0
Exploring Hindu College Calcutta: Catalyst of Intellectual Evolution and Its Detractors	0
Korea’s ‘education fever’ from the late nineteenth to the early twenty-first century	0
Puerto Rican Chicago: schooling the city, 1940–1977 Puerto Rican Chicago: schooling the city, 1940–1977 , by Mirelsie Velázquez, Chicago, University of Illinois Press, 2	0
Os jesuítas – a escrita de si no corpo historiado dos índios: reflexões sobre o papel da sua ação missionária na experimentação de uma pedagogia moderna – um ensaio de crítica histórica	0
A New Higher Education Model in Nation-Building: The Republic of Vietnam’s Liberal Arts Education and Its Performances during the Vietnam War (1965–1975)	0
The Sisters of Our Lady of the Missions: from ultramontane origins to new cosmology, by Rosa Bruno-Jofré	0
Sympathy Education and the NSPCC’s League of Pity, 1891–1913	0
Ambivalent histories: education, ‘race’, and the modernisation of settler/colonial governance in Australasia and the Pacific, 1900s–1960s	0
The hidden admission agendas in Finnish primary teacher education in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s	0
Transnational education between the League of Nations and China, the interwar period Transnational education between the League of Nations and China, the interwar period	0
The Transitional Career of Mary Gurney (1836–1917): Work for the Reform of English Middle-Class Female Education at Secondary and Tertiary Levels	0
Mapping the moral geographies of education: character, citizenship and values	0
Puddings, Bullies & Squashes, edited by Malcolm Tozer	0
Pioneer Chinese Law Students in the United States from 1878 to 1911	0
Histories of everyday life: the making of popular social history in Britain, 1918–1979	0
The ‘two cultures’ in Australia	0
The tensions in the British New Right on education revisited	0
The International Commission on Mathematical Instruction, 1908–2008: People, Events, and Challenges in Mathematics Education	0
Giving “Reality to the Dim Vision of a Life of Freedom:” A Reassessment of the Impact of the Oswego State Normal School	0
Transforming secondary education in the Belgian–German borderlands (1918–1939)	0
A progressive education? How childhood changed in mid-twentieth-century English and Welsh schools, by Laura Tisdall	0
Why Boy Scouts? The prevalence of the Scouting movement for child training in Republican China, 1911–1925	0
Education as anthropology: A.P. Elkin on ‘native education’, the Pacific, and Australia in the 1930s	0
Communist propaganda at school: the world of the reading primers from the Soviet Bloc, 1949–1989	0
L’école du racisme. La construction de l’altérité à l’école québécoise (1830-1915) [School of racism. The construction of alterity in Quebec schools (1830-1915)] L’éco	0
Secularisation and Australian Education Since 1910 Secularisation and Australian Education Since 1910 , by Clarissa Carden, Leiden, Brill, 2021, vi + 98 pp., $84 (paperb	0
“They Would Imprison Us Both!” – The Matura Exam at Secondary Technical Schools During the Normalisation Period in Socialist Czechoslovakia (1969–1989)	0
The Reform of “Free” State Education: Arthur Seldon and the Education Voucher Scheme (1957–88)	0
‘Staying on in national schools’: a history of Ireland’s secondary tops, 1880-1980	0
Education in Africa: a critical historiographic review	0
Bodies of knowledge: historians, health and education	0
The Third Reich’s elite schools: a history of the Napolas The Third Reich’s elite schools: a history of the Napolas , by Helen Roche, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 20	0
Rebuilding emotional ties for child evacuees returning from abroad: children’s literature and informal education in post-Second World War Finland	0
Scottish education through Norwegian eyes: Hartvig Nissen’s report from his study trip to Scotland in 1853	0
Hidden in the Archive of Gender and Science: The Agonistics of Knowledge and Learning	0
“Authoritative Evidence” or Personal Ideology? Rev. Professor Timothy Corcoran and the Primary School Curriculum in Ireland in the 1920s	0
New turns in the history of education in Ireland: from policy to practice, from theory to lived reality	0
Colonial textbooks and national consciousness in British India	0
Editorial: non-English books for review	0
The Role of Pedagogy in Secondary Teacher Training in Early Twentieth-Century Japan: Theory of Pedagogical Research in College by Kumaji Yoshida of Tokyo Imperial University	0
Josef Albers, Late Modernism, and Pedagogic Form Josef Albers, Late Modernism, and Pedagogic Form , edited by Jeffrey Saletnik, Chicago, Chicago University Press, 2022,	0
Well worth saving: American universities’ life-and-death decisions on refugees from Nazi Europe, by Laurel Leff	0
‘No true or just test of merit’: ‘The Public School Record’ 1886–1900	0
“Equipping a Child for Life’s Battles”? Sources and Methods in the History of Boarding Schools	0
Historical development of CIPP as a curriculum evaluation model	0
History of education in Central and Eastern Europe: past, present and future	0
Editorial	0
‘Schools by and for Koreans’: Korean Immigrants’ Private Schooling Initiatives in Territorial Hawai‘i, 1906-1930	0