Protoplasma

Article	Citations
Interaction of Capnodium alfenasii with extrafloral nectaries of Azadirachta indica	81
Elevated luteinizing hormone receptor signaling or selenium treatment leads to comparable changes in adrenal cortex histology and androgen-AR/ZIP9 signaling	42
Involvement of osmoregulation, glyoxalase, and non-glyoxalase systems in signaling molecule glutamic acid-boosted thermotolerance in maize seedlings	31
The truth is hidden in the details	27
Trunk muscle differentiation—a lesson from the Chinese fire-bellied newt (Hypselotriton orientalis)	26
Inhibition of flavohemeproteins enhances the emission and level of nitric oxide in barley root tips	25
Morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of zinc-stressed caraway plants	22
Effects of compound sodium nitrophenol on microspore embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration in flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee)	21
Glucose consumption and uptake in HepG2 cells is improved by aqueous extracts from leaves, but not rhizomes, of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile via GLUT-4 upregulation	20
How can structure and nectar composition explain the secretory process in super productive nuptial nectaries of Mabea fistulifera Mart. (Euphorbiaceae)?	19
Biochemical validation for the therapeutic use of Plumeria rubra in coagulation disorders: a study combining in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches	18
Mitigating heavy metals toxicity in sorghum using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: enhancing photosynthesis and antioxidant defense	18
Secondary metabolism is not secondary—why we need more cell biology in metabolomics	18
Argon non-thermal plasma treatment promotes the development of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in saline alkali environments	17
Establishing a reliable protoplast system for grapevine: isolation, transformation, and callus induction	17
Correction to: Morphological characterization of antennal sensilla in Toxorhynchites theobaldi, Toxorhynchites violaceus, and Lutzia bigoti adults: a comparative study using scanning electron microsco	17
Is a genome more than its genes?	17
The role of sucrose in maintaining pollen viability and germinability in Corylus avellana L.: a possible strategy to cope with climate variability	16
Analysis of the effect of permeant solutes on the hydraulic resistance of the plasma membrane in cells of Chara corallina	16
Gibberellin-mediated far-red light-induced leaf expansion in cucumber seedlings	15
Omics approaches to understand the MADS-box gene family in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against drought stress	15
Water stress modulates terpene biosynthesis and morphophysiology at different ploidal levels in Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown (Verbenaceae)	14
Heliotropium hirsutissimum from geothermal areas: evidence of thermal adaptation	14
Wheat variety carrying 2NvS chromosomal segment provides yield advantage through lowering terminal heat–induced oxidative stress	14
Synchrotron micro-computed tomography unveils the three-dimensional structure and origin of staminodes in the Plains Prickly Pear Cactus Opuntia polyacantha Haw. (Cactaceae)	14

Histochemical and ultrastructural analysis of tapetum and sporoderm development in relation to precocious pollenkitt production of Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz	14
Ultrastructure of the ejaculatory duct of Terrobittacus implicatus (Mecoptera: Bittacidae)	14
Diversity and functional roles of floral glands in Malpighiaceae: insights in Lophopterys floribunda W.R. Anderson & C. Davis	13
Pseudomonas sp. and Serratia odorifera: saline soil rhizoplane bacteria identified from Mamaghan (East Azarbaijan, Iran) that improve wheat seed germination under salinity stress	13
Nutritionally rich biochemical profile in essential oil of various Mentha species and their antimicrobial activities	13
Pectin: a key component deposited in the exine of Annona montana potentially associated with exine shedding	13
The role of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in alleviating cadmium stress in maize plants	13
Machine learning and feature analysis of the cortical microtubule organization of Arabidopsis cotyledon pavement cells	13
Solanum villosum Mill. an underutilized plant: establishment of hairy root culture and enhanced production of solasodine after elicitor treatment	12
Gametophytic self-incompatibility in Maxillariinae orchids	12
Correction to: Compartmentalization of epidermal mucilage cells by new cell wall formation in Myrsine umbellata Mart. (Primulaceae)	12
Comparative analysis of miRNA expression profiles in flowering and non-flowering tissue of Crocus sativus L	12
The thioredoxin h-type TdTrxh2 protein of durum wheat confers abiotic stress tolerance of the transformant Arabidopsis plants through its protective role and the regulation of redox homoeostasis	12
Differential cell wall composition in eriococcid-induced galls: unraveling the influence of sexual dimorphism	11
Exogenous nitric oxide alleviates manganese toxicity in bean plants by modulating photosynthesis in relation to leaf lipid composition	11
Spectral reflectance and fluorescence is a rapid, non-destructive tool for drought tolerance monitoring in Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal	11
Sand-trapping mechanism in psammophyte Ifloga spicata (Asteraceae)	11
Vital stress in animals and plants	11
Reply to Calvo, Raja, and Segundo-Ortin, “Don’t jump the gun quite yet: aiming for the true target in plant neurobiology research”	11
He–Ne Laser Enhances Seed Germination and Salt Acclimation in Salvia officinalis Seedlings in a Manner Dependent on Phytochrome and H2O2	10
Homogeneous colleters in Myrteae (Myrtaceae)	10
Chemotaxonomic and evolutionary perspectives of Bryophyta based on multivariate analysis of fatty acid fingerprints of Eastern Himalayan mosses	10
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa: a new potential human pathogen found in the ciliate Paramecium bursaria	9
The effect of different LED wavelengths on the components and biosynthesis of isoflavonoid in sprout Astragalus membranaceus	9
Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes involved in somatic embryogenesis and podophyllotoxin biosynthesis of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T. S. Ying	9
Formation of the proventriculus in the foregut during metamorphosis of the honey bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)	9
Steering diversity — cellular aspects of gene flow	9
Phytochemical composition of aerial parts and roots of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen and anticholinesterase, antioxidant, and antiglycation activities	9
Seaweed-based PPO inhibitors as a new frontier in biological weed control for sorghum cultivation: from ocean to field	9
Cytomolecular diversity among Vigna Savi (Leguminosae) subgenera	9
Organic extracts from sustainable hybrid poplar hairy root cultures as potential natural antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents	8
Taming the fire—transcription factors for redox control in animals and plants	8
Successful application of microspore culture by adding kinetin and methylene blue to improve microspore embryogenesis in Chinese kale breeding	8
Genome-wide identification of Aux/IAA and ARF gene families in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)	8
Heat stress negatively affects physiology and morphology during germination of Ormosia coarctata (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae)	8
Differential drought tolerance among dichondra (Dichondra repens) genotypes in relation to alterations in chlorophyll metabolism, osmotic adjustment, and accumulation of organic metabolites	8
Reactive oxygen species and NADPH oxidase-encoding genes underly the plant growth and developmental responses to Trichoderma	8
Correction to: Waterlogging resistance and evaluation of physiological mechanism of three peach (Prunus persica) rootstocks	8
Deep learning-based cytoskeleton segmentation for accurate high-throughput measurement of cytoskeleton density	8
Colleters, osmophores, and nectaries in the species Ceropegia lenewtonii: a sapromyiophilous stapeliad (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae)	8
FfF: Foundations for Food (security) are cellular	7
Silicon in sporoderms of micro- and megaspores of Isoetes echinospora Durieu registered by EDS and EELS	7
Transgenic expression of rice OsPHR2 increases phosphorus uptake and yield in wheat	7
Compartmentalization of epidermal mucilage cells by new cell wall formation in Myrsine umbellata Mart. (Primulaceae)	7
Exogenous methyl jasmonate and cytokinin antagonistically regulate lignin biosynthesis by mediating CsHCT expression in Camellia sinensis	7
A new model for the global patterning of spores and pollen grains	7
Chronological events unfolding the vegetative and floral phenology of apical bud in Crocus sativus	7
The opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and the inhibition of electron transfer chain (ETC) induce mitophagy in wheat roots under waterlogging stress	7
Curdlan: a microbial biopolymer of multifarious applications for a sustainable environment	7
Plant regeneration capacity in seeds of three species of Miconia (Melastomataceae) may be related to endogenous polyamine profiles	7

Auxin- and pH-induced guttation in Phycomyces sporangiophores: relation between guttation and diminished elongation growth	7
A rapid and efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation system in grape berries	7
Evaluation of oxidative stress and genotoxicity of 900 MHz electromagnetic radiations using Trigonella foenum-graecum test system	7
Morphological characterization of antennal sensilla in Toxorhynchites theobaldi, Toxorhynchites violaceus, and Lutzia bigoti adults: a comparative study using scanning electron microscopy	7
Ultrastructural changes during nectar secretion from extrafloral nectaries of Pithecellobium dulce Benth	7
Exploring the digestive processes of symbiotic Chlorella sp. in non-endosymbiotic Paramecium species, Paramecium multimicronucleatum	7
Identification of adipose-proximal biomarkers in breast cancer using weighted gene co-expression network analysis	7
Ultrastructural study of microspore and male gametophyte development in Senecio cannabifolius Less	6
Glomerulosomes: morphologically distinct nuclear organelles of unknown nature	6
Downregulation of ITGA5 inhibits lymphangiogenesis and cell migration and invasion in male laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma	6
Overexpression of CaMYB78 transcription factor enhances resistance response in chickpea against Fusarium oxysporum and negatively regulates anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway	6
Hepatic antioxidant capacity, immune response, and glycolysis of Tibetan sheep in response to dietary soluble protein levels	6
Deciphering the regulatory networks involved in mild and severe salt stress responses in the roots of wild grapevine Vitis vinifera spp. sylvestris	6
Exploring effectiveness of salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate elicitors in influencing growth performance, epigenetic regulation, gene transcription, and secondary metabolism in pepper (Capsicum annu	6
Ciliary transition zone evolution and the root of the eukaryote tree: implications for opisthokont origin and classification of kingdoms Protozoa, Plantae, and Fungi	6
Genome-wide investigation of ARF transcription factor gene family and its responses to abiotic stress in Coix (Coix lacryma-jobi L.)	6
The quality evaluation of the laurel leaf samples sold in the market under the name of “Defne Yaprağı”	6
Plant programmed cell death in the context of diversity and evolution of PCD	6
Calcium regulates primary nitrate response associated gene transcription in a time- and dose-dependent manner	6
Megasporogenesis, megagametogenesis and embryogenesis of Liparis elliptica (Orchidaceae), with special note to the development of unique unitegmal ovule	6
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of diatom deformities and protoplasmic condition under metal and metalloid stress	6
An overview of fungal chitinases and their potential applications	6
Integrated insights into the cytological, histochemical, and cell wall composition features of Espinosa nothofagi (Hymenoptera) gall tissues: implications for functionality	6
Tapetum uncommon behavior, orbicule development, and pollenkitt: mini-review, with new data on orbicule simulations	6
A validation study by integrated analysis of physiological, biochemical, and meta-gene expression responses to drought stress in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)	5
Comparative chemical analysis, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity of Petroleum refinery wastewater and its contaminated river using prokaryotic and eukaryotic assays	5
Genome-wide association mapping for stay-green and stem reserve mobilization traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under combined heat and drought stress	5
Megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis in Hydrocleys nymphoides, Alisma plantago-aquatica, and Sagittaria montevidensis (Alismataceae)	5
Comparative analysis of the processes involved in the loss of elaiophores in two species of the christianelloid clade (Malpighiaceae)	5
Involvement of ROS and calcium ions in developing heat resistance and inducing antioxidant system of wheat seedlings under melatonin’s effects	5
MicroRNAs modulating nutrient homeostasis: a sustainable approach for developing biofortified crops	5
The putative cannabinoid-secreting trichome of Trema micrantha (L.) Blume (Cannabaceae)	5
Humic acid induced astaxanthin accumulation by changing GABA, polyamines, and H2O2 levels in Haematococcus lacustris at the stationary growth phase	5
The therapeutic effects of exosomes the first time isolated from pancreatic islet-derived progenitor cells in the treatment of pancreatic cancer	5
Comparative cytogenetics of three economically important Piper L. species from the Brazilian Amazon	5
Mucilage cells in the flower of Rosales species: reflections on morphological diversity, classification, and functions	5
Analysis and profiling of the purple acid phosphatase gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)	5
Emerging role of small GTPases and their interactome in plants to combat abiotic and biotic stress	5
Selenium nanoparticles conferred drought tolerance in tomato plants by altering the transcription pattern of microRNA-172 (miR-172), bZIP, and CRTISO genes, upregulating the antioxidant system, and st	5
Transcriptome analysis of Citrus sinensis reveals potential responsive events triggered by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus	5
Comprehensive insights into the influence of supplemental green light on the photosynthesis of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)	5
Root idioblasts reveal a specialized underground site for the storage of putative alkaloids in Rutaceae	5
Morphoanatomical, histochemical, and molecular characterization of female Cannabis plants from three Argentine strains	5
Analysis on characteristics of female gametophyte and functional identification of genes related to inflorescences development of Kentucky bluegrass	5
In memoriam: David G. Robinson	5
Antidiabetic activity of polyherbal formulations: a comprehensive review	5
Submergence of the filamentous Zygnematophyceae Mougeotia induces differential gene expression patterns associated with core metabolism and photosynthesis	5
TGG1 and TGG2 mutations impair allyl isothiocyanate-mediated stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana	5
Plant intelligence dux: a comprehensive rebuttal of Kingsland and Taiz	5
Plant “intelligence” and the misuse of historical sources as evidence	5
Morphology of the larval midgut of the longhorn beetle Rhytidodera bowringii White, 1853 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)	4
Repair effects of melatonin application on physiological damages induced by UV-B radiation in alfalfa seedlings	4
Establishment of Physalis alkekengi cell suspension culture: time-dependent behavior of genes related to the steroidal compounds, key enzymes, and physalins under static magnetic field	4
Enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation alleviates structural damages on rice leaf caused by Magnaporthe oryzae infection	4
Anatomical and histological descriptions of the alimentary system, salivary gland, and Malpighian tubules of Legnotus limbosus, the bordered shieldbug (Geoffroy, 1785) (Heteroptera: Cydnidae)-light an	4
Methyl jasmonate induces the regulation of protostane triterpene biosynthesis by microRNAs in Alisma orientale	4
Structure, ultrastructure and cation accumulation in quinoa epidermal bladder cell complex under high saline stress	4
Callose deposition analysis with special emphasis on plasmodesmata ultrastructure during megasporogenesis in Sedum (Crassulaceae)	4
NOS-mediated NO production and protein S-nitrosylation in Mamiellophyceae	4
Genome-wide characterization of DcHsp90 gene family in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) and functional analysis of DcHsp90-6 in heat tolerance	4
Effect of drought acclimation on sugar metabolism in millet	4
Fluoride tolerance in rice is negatively regulated by the ‘stress-phytohormone’ abscisic acid (ABA), but promoted by ABA-antagonist growth regulators, melatonin, and gibberellic acid	4
Cerium oxide nanoparticles ameliorate Arabidopsis thaliana root damage under UV-B stress by modulating the cell cycle and auxin pathways	4
ABA inhibits in vitro shoot regeneration by affecting H3K9ac modification of WUS in Arabidopsis	4
Mechanisms of pollen wall development in Lysimachia vulgaris	4
Physiological, epigenetic, and proteomic responses in Pfaffia glomerata growth in vitro under salt stress and 5-azacytidine	4
Screening of antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities, anatomical and morphological properties of Colchicum speciosum Steven (Colchicaceae)	4
Supplemental nitrogen induces robust physiological and molecular adaptations by enhancing carbon metabolism in maize	4
Towards establishment of a plant-based model to assess the novel anti-cancerous lead molecule(s): An in silico, in vivo and in vitro assessment of some potential anti-cancerous drugs on Lathyrus sativ	4
The ability of low levels of elevated ozone to change the growth and phytochemical constituents of a medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees	4
Cytogenetic analysis of meiotic behaviour and stability in a trigeneric hybrid (triticale x trigopiro)	3
In Memoriam Cornelius Lütz (1945–2024)	3
Diversity of staminal nectariferous appendages in disymmetric and zygomorphic flowers of Fumarioideae (Papaveraceae)	3
Effect of salt stress on K+/Na+ homeostasis, osmotic adjustment, and expression profiles of high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) genes	3
Differential pulp cell wall structures lead to diverse fruit textures in apple (Malus domestica)	3
New nucleolin-containing cytoplasmic bodies in an archamoebian protist Pelomyxa belevskii (Amoebozoa, Archamoebae, Pelobiontida)	3
Cell biology and the curse of carbon	3
Cell type matters: competence for alkaloid metabolism differs in two seed-derived cell strains of Catharanthus roseus	3
Kaolinite nanoclay-shielded dsRNA drenching for management of Globodera pallida: An environmentally friendly pest management approach	3
Overexpression of a rice Tubby–like protein-encoding gene, OsFBT4, confers tolerance to abiotic stresses	3

Hemiptera-induced galls of Sapium glandulosum have histological and cytological compartmentalization created with a large amount of carbohydrate	3
Micrococcus luteus LS570 promotes root branching in Arabidopsis via decreasing apical dominance of the primary root and an enhanced auxin response	3
Successful application of microspore culture in pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino var. communis Tsen et Lee) for hybrid breeding	3
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) family in durum wheat: promising candidates for improving crop resilience	3
Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil enhances salt stress tolerance of durum wheat seedlings through ROS detoxification and stimulation of antioxidant defense	3
Heterologous expression of the durum wheat TdHKT1;4–1 partially complements the mutant athkt1 in Arabidopsis thaliana under severe salt stress	3
Dynamics of digestive vacuole differentiation clarified by the observation of living Paramecium bursaria	3
Genome assembly, annotation and evolutionary insights from the draft genome of wild pomegranate	3
Dependence of state transitions on illumination time in arabidopsis and barley plants	3
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) influenced seed development, grain quality, and remobilization by affecting the transcription of microRNA 171 (miR171), miR156, NAM, and SUT genes in wheat (Triticum	3
Pollen wall development in Impatiens glandulifera: exine substructure and underlying mechanisms	3
Matthew 7:3—a response to Kingsland and Taiz (2024)	3
Construction of an N6-methyladenosine lncRNA- and immune cell infiltration-related prognostic model in colorectal cancer	3
CircDCAF6 regulates the miR-196a/IGF2BP3 axis to promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis in bovine myoblasts	3
Effects of weak static magnetic fields on the development of seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana	3
Chloroplasts with clefts and holes: a reassessment of the chloroplast shape using 3D FE-SEM cellular reconstruction of two species of Chlamydomonas	3
Ethylene response factors as potential regulators of cell wall formation in celery (Apium graveolens L.) collenchyma: phylogeny and gene expression analysis	3
Morphological, anatomical, and bioactive properties of Hypericum scabrum L.: effects on diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, and HDFa fibroblasts and U87-MG cancer cells	3
Light and prey influence the abundances of two rhodopsins in the dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina	3
Identification of a second 16-hydroxytabersonine-O-methyltransferase suggests an evolutionary relationship between alkaloid and flavonoid metabolisms in Catharanthus roseus	3
Desiccation tolerance in peatland desmids: a comparative study of Micrasterias thomasiana and Staurastrum hirsutum (Zygnematophyceae)	3
Microscopic probing into plasmodesmata (PD) and PD-derived intercellular gateways (PdIGs): Beyond morphology	3
Smoke–water treatment of seeds, an ancient technique for increasing seed vigor	3
Functional characterization of 5′-regulatory region of flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase-1 gene of banana plants	2
Multimodal non-invasive probing of stress-induced carotenogenesis in the cells of microalga Bracteacoccus aggregatus	2
Establishment of an efficient callus transient transformation system for Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Chardonnay’	2
WRKY transcription factors: evolution, regulation, and functional diversity in plants	2
Don’t jump the gun quite yet: aiming for the true target in plant neurobiology research	2
Dynamics of annatto pigment synthesis and accumulation in seeds of Bixa orellana L. revealed by integrated chemical, anatomical, and RNA-Seq analyses	2
Phytochemical screening, biological evaluation, anatomical, and morphological investigation of Ferula tingitana L. (Apiaceae)	2
Unveiling two types of reproductive nectaries in Pseudobombax argentinum (Malvaceae-Bombacoideae)	2
Are the floral morphology and anatomy of Galphimia australis, an atypical neotropical Malpighiaceae, associated to a new pollination syndrome?	2
Nutritive tissue rich in reserves in the cell wall and protoplast: the case of Manihot esculenta (Euphorbiaceae) galls induced by Iatrophobia brasiliensis (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae)	2
Transgenic tobacco co-expressing flavodoxin and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase confers cadmium tolerance through boosting antioxidant capacity	2
Improved abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis by constitutive active form of a banana DREB2 type transcription factor, MaDREB20.CA, than its native form, MaDREB20	2
Silicon and nitric oxide synergistically modulate the production of essential oil and rosmarinic acid in Salvia officinalis under Cu stress	2
Cerium oxide nanoparticles: biogenic synthesis, characterization, and effects of foliar application on photosynthetic and antioxidant performance on Brassica juncea L.	2
Moderate modulation by S-nitrosoglutathione of photorespiratory enzymes in pea (Pisum sativum) leaves, compared to the strong effects of high light	2
A semi-quantitative histochemical method for assessment of biochemical responses to osmotic stress in Coffea arabica leaf disks	2
Treated tannery effluent and its impact on the receiving stream water: physicochemical characterization and cytogenotoxic evaluation using the Allium cepa test	2
Acute and chronic toxicity study for Madhumukthi Kudineer Chooranum	2
Phosphate deprivation counteracts the cell death caused by loss-of-function of MEDIATOR 18 in Arabidopsis root meristems	2
Implications of cell wall immunocytochemical profiles on the structural and functional traits of root and stem galls induced by Eriosoma lanigerum on Malus domestica	2
Cytogenotoxic effects of 3-epicaryoptin in Allium cepa L. root apical meristem cells	2
Chromosomal evolution in Cryptangieae Benth. (Cyperaceae): Evidence of holocentrism and pseudomonads	2
Myo-inositol phosphate synthase improves heat stress tolerance by ethylene-mediated modulation of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency	2
The anatomy and histology of the midgut and Malpighian tubules of Copris felschei Reitter, 1892 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)	2
Mating- and oviposition-dependent changes of the spermatheca and colleterial glands in the pest termite Cryptotermes brevis (Blattaria, Isoptera, Kalotermitidae)	2
Investigating the phytochemical profile, biological potentials, morphological, and anatomical characteristics of Cyclotrichium origanifolium (Labill.) Manden. & Scheng. (Lamiaceae) from Turkey	2
Correction to: Ecological implications of stomatal density and stomatal index in the adult stage of Mimosa L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae)	2
Leaf secretory structures in Rosa lucieae (Rosaceae): two times of secretion—two ecological functions?	2
Endosperm and amyloplast development in waxy wheat cultivars	2
Correction to: Genome‑wide identification and expression analysis of MYB gene family under nitrogen stress in Panax notoginseng	2
Comparative transcriptome analysis of grafting to improve chilling tolerance of cucumber	2