Pediatric Research

Article	Citations
Tackling healthcare access barriers for individuals with autism from diagnosis to adulthood	113
Diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: the past, present and future	77
Chorioamnionitis and neonatal outcomes	70
The social ecology of childhood and early life adversity	60
Neonates and COVID-19: state of the art	54
Laboratory diagnosis of CNS infections in children due to emerging and re-emerging neurotropic viruses	52
Artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support in pediatrics	50
The NIH ECHO Program: investigating how early environmental influences affect child health	49
Defining pediatric asthma: phenotypes to endotypes and beyond	48
Prenatal opioid exposure is associated with smaller brain volumes in multiple regions	46
Neonatal sepsis definitions from randomised clinical trials	45
Racial and socioeconomic disparities in breast milk feedings in US neonatal intensive care units	43
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and neonates (MIS-N) associated with COVID-19: optimizing definition and management	41
Antenatal corticosteroids: a reappraisal of the drug formulation and dose	41
SPR perspectives: Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program: overcoming challenges to generate engaged, multidisciplinary science	39
Antibiotics at birth and later antibiotic courses: effects on gut microbiota	38
Neonatal multidrug-resistant gram-negative infection: epidemiology, mechanisms of resistance, and management	37
Cannabis use and measurement of cannabinoids in plasma and breast milk of breastfeeding mothers	36
Early probiotic supplementation with B. infantis in breastfed infants leads to persistent colonization at 1 year	35
Human breast milk-derived exosomes may help maintain intestinal epithelial barrier integrity	35
Psychological risks to mother–infant bonding during the COVID-19 pandemic	35
No infectious SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk from a cohort of 110 lactating women	35
Growth and changes in the pediatric medical subspecialty workforce pipeline	35
Severe acute kidney injury in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis: risk factors and outcomes	34
SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and implications for vaccination	33

Vital signs as physiomarkers of neonatal sepsis	32
Screen time and developmental and behavioral outcomes for preschool children	32
Systemic inflammatory syndrome in COVID-19–SISCoV study: systematic review and meta-analysis	31
Metabolic-endocrine disruption due to preterm birth impacts growth, body composition, and neonatal outcome	31
Invasive fungal infections in neonates: a review	31
Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm	30
Neuroplacentology in congenital heart disease: placental connections to neurodevelopmental outcomes	29
Neuroprotective therapies in the NICU in term infants: present and future	29
The use of machine learning and artificial intelligence within pediatric critical care	27
Early development of sleep and brain functional connectivity in term-born and preterm infants	27
Human milk feeding and cognitive outcome in preterm infants: the role of infection and NEC reduction	27
The prevalence of ankyloglossia in children aged <1 year: a systematic review and meta-analysis	27
Toll-like receptor 4-mediated necroptosis in the development of necrotizing enterocolitis	26
COVID-19 vaccination for children: may be necessary for the full eradication of the disease	26
Neonatal blood culture inoculant volume: feasibility and challenges	26
Caffeine treatment started before injury reduces hypoxic–ischemic white-matter damage in neonatal rats by regulating phenotypic microglia polarization	26
Brain injury in preterm infants with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis: clinical and bowel pathological correlates	26
Risk profiles of severe illness in children with COVID-19: a meta-analysis of individual patients	26
Exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol during rat pregnancy leads to impaired cardiac dysfunction in postnatal life	26
Multiomics, artificial intelligence, and precision medicine in perinatology	25
Pediatric subspecialty telemedicine use from the patient and provider perspective	25
Predictors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children	25
The difference of the inflammatory milieu in MIS-C and severe COVID-19	25
Social epidemiology of early adolescent problematic screen use in the United States	25
Human milk oligosaccharides, infant growth, and adiposity over the first 4 months of lactation	25
Incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis during COVID-19 pandemic: a meta-analysis of 124,597 children with diabetes	24
Early oxygen levels contribute to brain injury in extremely preterm infants	24
Diagnostic methods for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: benefits, limitations, requirements, and novel developments	24
Unintended consequences of restrictive visitation policies during the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for hospitalized children	23
Nanomedicine and graphene-based materials: advanced technologies for potential treatments of diseases in the developing nervous system	23
Hemodynamic dysfunction in neonatal sepsis	23
Hidden etiology of cerebral palsy: genetic and clinical heterogeneity and efficient diagnosis by next-generation sequencing	23
Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease and the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on treatment adherence and patients’ behavior	22
Association of blood pressure, obesity and physical activity with arterial stiffness in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis	22
Sex-specific relationships of the infant microbiome and early-childhood behavioral outcomes	22
Spontaneous preterm delivery is reflected in both early neonatal and maternal gut microbiota	22
Using machine learning to impact on long-term clinical care: principles, challenges, and practicalities	22
Do preterm girls need different nutrition to preterm boys? Sex-specific nutrition for the preterm infant	22
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine testing and trials in the pediatric population: biologic, ethical, research, and implementation challenges	22
Pediatric sepsis screening in US hospitals	22
Peripheral immune cells and perinatal brain injury: a double-edged sword?	22
Transfusions and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low gestation neonates enrolled in the PENUT Trial: a randomized clinical trial	21
Understanding COVID-19 in children: immune determinants and post-infection conditions	21
The impact of COVID-19 on paediatric emergency department visits. A one-year retrospective study	21
Screening methods for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: benefits, limitations, requirements, and novel developments	21
Associations of media use and early childhood development: cross-sectional findings from the LIFE Child study	21
How well does neonatal neuroimaging correlate with neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy?	21
Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring (NIRS) in children and adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis	21
Comparison of IVIG resistance predictive models in Kawasaki disease	20
Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation: rationalizing medical management of neonatal heart failure	20

Respiratory muscle function in the newborn: a narrative review	20
Cause of preterm birth and late-onset sepsis in very preterm infants: the EPIPAGE-2 cohort study	20
Risk factors for recurrent respiratory tract infection in preschool-aged children	20
Non-resuscitation fluid in excess of hydration requirements is associated with higher mortality in critically ill children	20
Cerebral oxygen saturation and autoregulation during hypotension in extremely preterm infants	20
The importance of trustworthiness: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic	20
Altered microbiomes in thirdhand smoke-exposed children and their home environments	20
Paediatric and neonatal sepsis and inflammation	19
Pandemic beyond the virus: maternal COVID-related postnatal stress is associated with infant temperament	19
Pediatric central venous access devices: practice, performance, and costs	19
Visual attention during pediatric resuscitation with feedback devices: a randomized simulation study	19
The effect of gestational age on major neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm infants	19
Established severe BPD: is there a way out? Change of ventilatory paradigms	19
Gut priming with bovine colostrum and T regulatory cells in preterm neonates: a randomized controlled trial	19
SPR Perspectives: scientific opportunities in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Program	18
Body composition of extremely preterm infants fed protein-enriched, fortified milk: a randomized trial	18
Pediatric sepsis biomarkers for prognostic and predictive enrichment	18
Clinical phenotypes of acute kidney injury are associated with unique outcomes in critically ill septic children	18
Carbon dioxide levels in neonates: what are safe parameters?	18
Autonomic development in preterm infants is associated with morbidity of prematurity	18
Early prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 years in children born extremely preterm	18
Platelets in pediatric and neonatal sepsis: novel mediators of the inflammatory cascade	18
Rare diseases, common barriers: disparities in pediatric clinical genetics outcomes	18
Patent ductus arteriosus, tracheal ventilation, and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia	18
Maternal immune activation alters fetal and neonatal microglia phenotype and disrupts neurogenesis in mice	18
Compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction in pediatric subspecialists during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic	18
A critical evaluation of current definitions of necrotizing enterocolitis	18
Gut microbiome and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review	18
Continuous chest compressions with asynchronous ventilations increase carotid blood flow in the perinatal asphyxiated lamb model	17
Inflammation in children with cystic fibrosis: contribution of bacterial production of long-chain fatty acids	17
Persistent organic pollutants in pregnant women potentially affect child development and thyroid hormone status	17
Should less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) become routine practice in US neonatal units?	17
Associations between neurofilament light-chain protein, brain structure, and chronic kidney disease	17
Treatment of severe Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis positive for NRAS mutation by MEK inhibition	17
Neutrophil extracellular trap inhibition improves survival in neonatal mouse infectious peritonitis	17
Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin neurotoxicity in hospitalized neonates: analysis of the US Database	17
Post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation: inter-observer reliability of ventricular size measurements in extremely preterm infants	17
Long-term, low-dose macrolide antibiotic treatment in pediatric chronic airway diseases	17
The bacterial gut microbiome of probiotic-treated very-preterm infants: changes from admission to discharge	17
Mechanisms and modulation of sepsis-induced immune dysfunction in children	17
Multichannel EEG abnormalities during the first 6 hours in infants with mild hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy	17
Congenital chloride diarrhea clinical features and management: a systematic review	17
Vitamin therapy in sepsis	17
Language function following preterm birth: prediction using machine learning	16
Mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE): timing and pattern of MRI brain injury	16
Sensory-based interventions in the NICU: systematic review of effects on preterm brain development	16
Research priorities in pediatric parenteral nutrition: a consensus and perspective from ESPGHAN/ESPEN/ESPR/CSPEN	16
Single-cell immunophenotyping of the fetal immune response to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in late gestation	16
Cardiorespiratory signature of neonatal sepsis: development and validation of prediction models in 3 NICUs	16
High-frequency ventilation in preterm infants and neonates	16
The role of flexible bronchoscopy in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia	16
Sex-specific cytokine responses and neurocognitive outcome after blood transfusions in preterm infants	16
Epigenetic regulation of pediatric and neonatal immune responses	16
Lung function between 8 and 15 years of age in very preterm infants with fetal growth restriction	16
Placental origins of neonatal diseases: toward a precision medicine approach	15
Effect of age on human ACE2 and ACE2-expressing alveolar type II cells levels	15
Systematic review and meta-analysis of neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy	15
Where to make a difference: research and the social determinants in pediatrics and child health in the COVID-19 era	15
Sexual dimorphisms in brain gene expression in the growth-restricted guinea pig can be modulated with intra-placental therapy	15
Racial and ethnic disparities in adult COVID-19 and the future impact on child health	15
Clinical impact of NEC-associated sepsis on outcomes in preterm infants	15
Fluid status in the first 10 days of life and death/bronchopulmonary dysplasia among preterm infants	15
Integrated analysis of miRNA–mRNA interaction in pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy	15
Lactoferrin for iron-deficiency anemia in children with inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical trial	15
Neonatal acute kidney injury risk stratification score: STARZ study	15
Short exposure to hyperoxia causes cultured lung epithelial cell mitochondrial dysregulation and alveolar simplification in mice	14
Blood protein profiles related to preterm birth and retinopathy of prematurity	14
Childhood obesity and adverse cardiometabolic risk in large for gestational age infants and potential early preventive strategies: a narrative review	14
Urban–rural residence and birth defects prevalence in Texas: a phenome-wide association study	14
Gene signature of children with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection	14
Advances in pediatric acute kidney injury	14
Brain functional connectivity in children with developmental coordination disorder following rehabilitation intervention	14
Sleep-disordered breathing and sleep macro- and micro-architecture in children with Down syndrome	14
Noninfectious influencers of early-onset sepsis biomarkers	14
High incidence of stroke and mortality in pediatric critical care patients with COVID-19 in Peru	14
A new era: improving use of sociodemographic constructs in the analysis of pediatric cohort study data	14
Increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption in adult survivors of preterm birth	14
Thromboembolism in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome: a literature review	14
Hypothermia is not therapeutic in a neonatal piglet model of inflammation-sensitized hypoxia–ischemia	14
Engaging children and young people on the potential role of artificial intelligence in medicine	13

Multi-strain probiotics for extremely preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial	13
Neuromonitoring in neonatal critical care part I: neonatal encephalopathy and neonates with possible seizures	13
Shwachman Diamond syndrome: narrow genotypic spectrum and variable clinical features	13
Transition of children with life-limiting conditions to adult care and healthcare use: a systematic review	13
The state and future of pediatric research—an introductory overview	13
Neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy: moving from controversy to consensus definitions and subclassification	13
Structural racism is associated with adverse postnatal outcomes among Black preterm infants	13
The newborn metabolome: associations with gestational diabetes, sex, gestation, birth mode, and birth weight	13
Lipocalin-2 and calprotectin as stool biomarkers for predicting necrotizing enterocolitis in premature neonates	13
Neuroprotective effects of Sonic hedgehog agonist SAG in a rat model of neonatal stroke	13
The unmet clinical needs of children with developmental coordination disorder	13
Early nitric oxide is not associated with improved outcomes in congenital diaphragmatic hernia	13
ADHD symptoms and diagnosis in adult preterms: systematic review, IPD meta-analysis, and register-linkage study	13
Secretory immunoglobulin A in preterm infants: determination of normal values in breast milk and stool	13
Late-onset neonatal sepsis: genetic differences by sex and involvement of the NOTCH pathway	13
Neonatal outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City	13
Infective endocarditis in children and adolescents: a different profile with clinical implications	13
Mammillary body injury in neonatal encephalopathy: a multicentre, retrospective study	13
Isolated diastolic high blood pressure: a distinct clinical phenotype in US children	13
Early brain and abdominal oxygenation in extremely low birth weight infants	13
Postnatal growth of small for gestational age late preterm infants: determinants of catch-up growth	13
Regional splanchnic oxygen saturation for preterm infants in the first week after birth: reference values	13
Electrocardiogram for heart rate evaluation during preterm resuscitation at birth: a randomized trial	13
Serum docosahexaenoic acid levels are associated with brain volumes in extremely preterm born infants	12
The newborn delivery room of tomorrow: emerging and future technologies	12
Pediatric drug overdose mortality: contextual and policy effects for children under 12 years	12
Differences in standardized neonatal encephalopathy exam criteria may impact therapeutic hypothermia eligibility	12
Comparison of UK paediatric SARS-CoV-2 admissions across the first and second pandemic waves	12
Transcript host-RNA signatures to discriminate bacterial and viral infections in febrile children	12
High-altitude population neonatal and maternal phenotypes associated with birthweight protection	12
Incidence and short-term outcomes of Kawasaki disease	12
Early-life factors associated with neurobehavioral outcomes in preterm infants during NICU hospitalization	12
Prolonged hospital length of stay in pediatric trauma: a model for targeted interventions	12
Automated prediction of extubation success in extremely preterm infants: the APEX multicenter study	12
Emerging role of artificial intelligence, big data analysis and precision medicine in pediatrics	12
Perspectives from the Society for Pediatric Research: Probiotic use in urinary tract infections, atopic dermatitis, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea: an overview	12
Post-COVID-19 conditions in children and adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19	12
Surfactant lung delivery with LISA and InSurE in adult rabbits with respiratory distress	12
Visuopathy of prematurity: is retinopathy just the tip of the iceberg?	12
Long-term cognitive outcomes in term newborns with watershed injury caused by neonatal encephalopathy	12
The vascular phenotype of BPD: new basic science insights—new precision medicine approaches	12
Hirschsprung’s disease: key microRNAs and target genes	12
Normal regional tissue oxygen saturation in neonates: a systematic qualitative review	12
Development of the immune system in the human embryo	12
The TGF-β1 pathway is early involved in neurogenic bladder fibrosis of juvenile rats	12
Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphism as risk factors for COVID-19	12
Clinical and subclinical acute kidney injury in children with mild-to-moderate COVID-19	12
Persistent microbial contamination of incubators despite disinfection	12
First aid for Medicaid: losses in children’s health insurance	12
Validity of The Warner Initial Developmental Evaluation of Adaptive and Functional Skills (WIDEA-FS): a daily activity criterion checklist for infants and toddlers	12
Burden of disease from exposure to secondhand smoke in children in Europe	11
Vital sign metrics of VLBW infants in three NICUs: implications for predictive algorithms	11
Omics approaches: interactions at the maternal–fetal interface and origins of child health and disease	11
The pubertal growth spurt is diminished in children with severe obesity	11
Early spectral EEG in preterm infants correlates with neurocognitive outcomes in late childhood	11
The healing power of language: caring for patients with limited english proficiency and COVID-19	11
Congenital heart disease in school-aged children: Cognition, education, and participation in leisure activities	11
Physiological dead space and alveolar ventilation in ventilated infants	11
Randomized trial of azithromycin to eradicate Ureaplasma respiratory colonization in preterm infants: 2-year outcomes	11
Achieving equity through science and integrity: dismantling race-based medicine	11
ASQ-3 and BSID-III’s concurrent validity and predictive ability of cognitive outcome at 5 years	11
Age dependency of plasma vitamin B12 status markers in Dutch children and adolescents	11
Circ-ITCH overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration in Hirschsprung disease through miR-146b-5p/RET axis	11
Incidence of primary congenital hypothyroidism over 24 years in Finland	11
A new scoring system for coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease	11
Amniotic fluid stem cell administration can prevent epithelial injury from necrotizing enterocolitis	11
Neonatal sepsis: a systematic review of core outcomes from randomised clinical trials	11
Does height and IGF-I determine pubertal timing in girls?	11
Pulse oximetry reliability for detection of hypoxemia under motion in extremely premature infants	11
Pulmonary immune cell transcriptome changes in double-hit model of BPD induced by chorioamnionitis and postnatal hyperoxia	11
Preterm birth and Kawasaki disease: a nationwide Japanese population-based study	10
Paediatric research in the times of COVID-19	10
Melatonin as an immunomodulator in children with Down syndrome	10
Bacterial extracellular vesicles in the microbiome of first-pass meconium in newborn infants	10
Impact of antibiotics on off-target infant gut microbiota and resistance genes in cohort studies	10
Improving clinical paediatric research and learning from COVID-19: recommendations by the Conect4Children expert advice group	10
Outcomes of Babies with Opioid Exposure (OBOE): protocol of a prospective longitudinal cohort study	10
NICU-based stress response and preterm infant neurobehavior: exploring the critical windows for exposure	10
Neurodevelopmental consequences of preterm punctate white matter lesions: a systematic review	10
Noninvasive monitoring of evolving urinary metabolic patterns in neonatal encephalopathy	10
Distinct whole-blood transcriptome profile of children with metabolic healthy overweight/obesity compared to metabolic unhealthy overweight/obesity	10
Machine learning for understanding and predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in premature infants: a systematic review	10
Improving child health through Big Data and data science	10
Association of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, birth size, adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in 7-year-old children	10
Parent–infant skin-to-skin contact reduces the electrical activity of the diaphragm and stabilizes respiratory function in preterm infants	10
Electroencephalographic studies in growth-restricted and small-for-gestational-age neonates	10
Neuromonitoring, neuroimaging, and neurodevelopmental follow-up practices in neonatal congenital heart disease: a European survey	10
Clinical assessment of children with long COVID syndrome	10
Transitional circulation and hemodynamic monitoring in newborn infants	10
Early diet in preterm infants and later cognition: 10-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial	10
Gaining a deeper understanding of social determinants of preterm birth by integrating multi-omics data	10
Etiology, case fatality, recurrence, and severity in pediatric acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis of 48 studies	10
Displacement of peer play by screen time: associations with toddler development	10
Cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants during maternal singing combined with skin-to-skin care	10
Genotype–phenotype association by echocardiography offers incremental value in patients with Noonan Syndrome with Multiple Lentigines	10