Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States o

Article	Citations
Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2	2551
Effective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab	1812
RepeatModeler2 for automated genomic discovery of transposable element families	1468
Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients	1392
Biological structure and function emerge from scaling unsupervised learning to 250 million protein sequences	972
Identifying airborne transmission as the dominant route for the spread of COVID-19	866
Insect decline in the Anthropocene: Death by a thousand cuts	857
Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development	848
Spread and dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy: Effects of emergency containment measures	831
The impact of COVID-19 on small business outcomes and expectations	810
The airborne lifetime of small speech droplets and their potential importance in SARS-CoV-2 transmission	804
An evidence review of face masks against COVID-19	783
Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes	738
Economic and social consequences of human mobility restrictions under COVID-19	672
Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic	671
Demographic science aids in understanding the spread and fatality rates of COVID-19	632
Land use and climate change impacts on global soil erosion by water (2015-2070)	620
COVID-19 lockdowns cause global air pollution declines	564
The echo chamber effect on social media	542
Gender differences in COVID-19 attitudes and behavior: Panel evidence from eight countries	506
Pharmaceutical pollution of the world’s rivers	503
The Diversity–Innovation Paradox in Science	477
Broad host range of SARS-CoV-2 predicted by comparative and structural analysis of ACE2 in vertebrates	474
RCP8.5 tracks cumulative CO 2 emissions	459
Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological annihilation and the sixth mass extinction	427

Oncogenic activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling suppresses ferroptosis via SREBP-mediated lipogenesis	419
SARS-CoV-2 Orf6 hijacks Nup98 to block STAT nuclear import and antagonize interferon signaling	409
Projecting hospital utilization during the COVID-19 outbreaks in the United States	404
Physician–patient racial concordance and disparities in birthing mortality for newborns	398
The implications of silent transmission for the control of COVID-19 outbreaks	388
Future of the human climate niche	378
The challenges of modeling and forecasting the spread of COVID-19	378
People have shaped most of terrestrial nature for at least 12,000 years	367
Machine learning–accelerated computational fluid dynamics	349
Lifestyle and mental health disruptions during COVID-19	349
On instabilities of deep learning in image reconstruction and the potential costs of AI	343
BCG vaccine protection from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)	331
Experimental infection of domestic dogs and cats with SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenesis, transmission, and response to reexposure in cats	329
Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis	327
Agricultural intensification and climate change are rapidly decreasing insect biodiversity	315
The impact of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions on the future dynamics of endemic infections	314
Biodiversity impacts and conservation implications of urban land expansion projected to 2050	314
Political partisanship influences behavioral responses to governors’ recommendations for COVID-19 prevention in the United States	308
Large stocks of peatland carbon and nitrogen are vulnerable to permafrost thaw	308
Social distancing responses to COVID-19 emergency declarations strongly differentiated by income	305
ALKBH5 regulates anti–PD-1 therapy response by modulating lactate and suppressive immune cell accumulation in tumor microenvironment	303
A guideline to limit indoor airborne transmission of COVID-19	300
Cell profiling of mouse acute kidney injury reveals conserved cellular responses to injury	300
Observation of non-Hermitian topology and its bulk–edge correspondence in an active mechanical metamaterial	298
Rapid isothermal amplification and portable detection system for SARS-CoV-2	296
Reductions in 2020 US life expectancy due to COVID-19 and the disproportionate impact on the Black and Latino populations	294
On the mechanism of tissue-specific mRNA delivery by selective organ targeting nanoparticles	287
The frontier of simulation-based inference	286
Enhanced receptor binding of SARS-CoV-2 through networks of hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions	282
Microbial tryptophan metabolites regulate gut barrier function via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor	278
Systemic complement activation is associated with respiratory failure in COVID-19 hospitalized patients	277
A digital media literacy intervention increases discernment between mainstream and false news in the United States and India	273
Global increase in major tropical cyclone exceedance probability over the past four decades	264
Plastic waste release caused by COVID-19 and its fate in the global ocean	263
Gender imbalance in medical imaging datasets produces biased classifiers for computer-aided diagnosis	262
Characterization and engineering of a two-enzyme system for plastics depolymerization	262
The persistent threat of emerging plant disease pandemics to global food security	260
Biologically inspired flexible photonic films for efficient passive radiative cooling	259
Face masks considerably reduce COVID-19 cases in Germany	258
COVID-19 lockdown induces disease-mitigating structural changes in mobility networks	246
In situ sprayed NIR-responsive, analgesic black phosphorus-based gel for diabetic ulcer treatment	244
Critical period regulation across multiple timescales	244
Single-nucleus transcriptome analysis reveals dysregulation of angiogenic endothelial cells and neuroprotective glia in Alzheimer’s disease	242
The ORF8 protein of SARS-CoV-2 mediates immune evasion through down-regulating MHC-Ι	239
In the wake of COVID-19, academia needs new solutions to ensure gender equity	237
The changing risk and burden of wildfire in the United States	236
Insects and recent climate change	236
Constraining the atmospheric limb of the plastic cycle	232
Favipiravir at high doses has potent antiviral activity in SARS-CoV-2−infected hamsters, whereas hydroxychloroquine lacks activity	230
Superantigenic character of an insert unique to SARS-CoV-2 spike supported by skewed TCR repertoire in patients with hyperinflammation	229

Mobile device data reveal the dynamics in a positive relationship between human mobility and COVID-19 infections	228
The European Union Emissions Trading System reduced CO 2 emissions despite low prices	225
Intensity and frequency of extreme novel epidemics	224
Systemic signaling during abiotic stress combination in plants	224
The inflated significance of neutral genetic diversity in conservation genetics	220
Superhydrophobic photothermal icephobic surfaces based on candle soot	220
Energy storage emerging: A perspective from the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research	218
Viral zoonotic risk is homogenous among taxonomic orders of mammalian and avian reservoir hosts	218
Tracking the reach of COVID-19 kin loss with a bereavement multiplier applied to the United States	214
Using gross ecosystem product (GEP) to value nature in decision making	214
Instant tough bioadhesive with triggerable benign detachment	212
The effectiveness of nudging: A meta-analysis of choice architecture interventions across behavioral domains	212
How cholesterol stiffens unsaturated lipid membranes	211
Pandemic precarity: COVID-19 is exposing and exacerbating inequalities in the American heartland	210
IL-6 trans-signaling induces plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 from vascular endothelial cells in cytokine release syndrome	210
TBK1 recruitment to STING activates both IRF3 and NF-κB that mediate immune defense against tumors and viral infections	208
Global urban population exposure to extreme heat	208
Electric field-driven microfluidics for rapid CRISPR-based diagnostics and its application to detection of SARS-CoV-2	207
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural America	207
Engineered ACE2 receptor traps potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2	206
Evidence from internet search data shows information-seeking responses to news of local COVID-19 cases	205
Climate Endgame: Exploring catastrophic climate change scenarios	204
Economic hardship and mental health complaints during COVID-19	203
SARS-CoV-2 detection using isothermal amplification and a rapid, inexpensive protocol for sample inactivation and purification	201
Identifying sequence perturbations to an intrinsically disordered protein that determine its phase-separation behavior	199
Polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis pathway determines ferroptosis sensitivity in gastric cancer	199
Deep learning and computer vision will transform entomology	197
Social and behavioral consequences of mask policies during the COVID-19 pandemic	196
Collectivism predicts mask use during COVID-19	196
Defining and quantifying the core microbiome: Challenges and prospects	194
SARS-CoV-2 exposure in wild white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus )	194
Role of inner solvation sheath within salt–solvent complexes in tailoring electrode/electrolyte interphases for lithium metal batteries	192
The crucial role of genome-wide genetic variation in conservation	191
Network medicine framework for identifying drug-repurposing opportunities for COVID-19	191
Historic Yangtze flooding of 2020 tied to extreme Indian Ocean conditions	191
Noninvasive hippocampal blood−brain barrier opening in Alzheimer’s disease with focused ultrasound	189
Lipid nanoparticle-mediated codelivery of Cas9 mRNA and single-guide RNA achieves liver-specific in vivo genome editing ofAngptl3	188
Prevalent Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus with 2009 pandemic viral genes facilitating human infection	187
A new malaria vector in Africa: Predicting the expansion range of Anopheles stephensi and identifying the urban populations at risk	185
The decline of butterflies in Europe: Problems, significance, and possible solutions	185
Seasonality and uncertainty in global COVID-19 growth rates	185
CSF1R inhibition by a small-molecule inhibitor is not microglia specific; affecting hematopoiesis and the function of macrophages	182
Benign overfitting in linear regression	182
Ongoing global and regional adaptive evolution of SARS-CoV-2	182
A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate would likely match all currently circulating variants	181
Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals	180
Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication by blocking membrane fusion	180
The carbon footprint of household energy use in the United States	179
Bioinspired conductive cellulose liquid-crystal hydrogels as multifunctional electrical skins	179
Quantifying asymptomatic infection and transmission of COVID-19 in New York City using observed cases, serology, and testing capacity	177
Widespread occurrence of the droplet state of proteins in the human proteome	176
Demographic perspectives on the mortality of COVID-19 and other epidemics	176
Global diversity of microbial communities in marine sediment	175
Predicting long-term dynamics of soil salinity and sodicity on a global scale	175
Modeling SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and association with mortality in hospitalized patients from the French COVID cohort	175
Genomic determinants of pathogenicity in SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses	174
First-principles experimental demonstration of ferroelectricity in a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal: Polar domains and striking electro-optics	174
Split-TurboID enables contact-dependent proximity labeling in cells	173
Hyperpolarized Xe NMR signal advancement by metal-organic framework entrapment in aqueous solution	173
Harnessing psilocybin: antidepressant-like behavioral and synaptic actions of psilocybin are independent of 5-HT2R activation in mice	172
Structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8, a rapidly evolving immune evasion protein	171
NAD + supplementation reduces neuroinflammation and cell senescence in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease via cGAS–STING	171
Untethered control of functional origami microrobots with distributed actuation	171
Dynamic coupling of whole-brain neuronal and neurotransmitter systems	170
Understanding the role of individual units in a deep neural network	170
Most invasive species largely conserve their climatic niche	170
Decoy nanoparticles protect against COVID-19 by concurrently adsorbing viruses and inflammatory cytokines	169
The neural architecture of language: Integrative modeling converges on predictive processing	168
Liquid network connectivity regulates the stability and composition of biomolecular condensates with many components	167
Identify potent SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors via accelerated free energy perturbation-based virtual screening of existing drugs	167
A high-coverage Neandertal genome from Chagyrskaya Cave	167
Characterizing superspreading events and age-specific infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Georgia, USA	166
Early IL-1 receptor blockade in severe inflammatory respiratory failure complicating COVID-19	166
Microbiota-derived butyrate dynamically regulates intestinal homeostasis through regulation of actin-associated protein synaptopodin	166
Mitochondria-lysosome contacts regulate mitochondrial Ca 2+ dynamics via lysosomal TRPML1	165
Influence of a COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness and safety profile on vaccination acceptance	164
Overweight, obesity, and risk of hospitalization for COVID-19: A community-based cohort study of adults in the United Kingdom	164
Coxiella burnetii inhibits host immunity by a protein phosphatase adapted from glycolysis	164
The total number and mass of SARS-CoV-2 virions	162
Land-use intensity alters networks between biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and services	162

Suboptimal SARS-CoV-2−specific CD8 + T cell response associated with the prominent HLA-A*02:01 phenotype	161
Speech can produce jet-like transport relevant to asymptomatic spreading of virus	161
Out-group animosity drives engagement on social media	161
Post-2020 biodiversity targets need to embrace climate change	159
Comparative roles of charge, π , and hydrophobic interactions in sequence-dependent phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins	159
Reverse-transcribed SARS-CoV-2 RNA can integrate into the genome of cultured human cells and can be expressed in patient-derived tissues	158
Conjugative plasmids interact with insertion sequences to shape the horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes	158
Unsupervised neural network models of the ventral visual stream	158
Pleiotropy complicates a trade-off between phage resistance and antibiotic resistance	157
SARS-CoV-2 escape from a highly neutralizing COVID-19 convalescent plasma	157
Lung-selective mRNA delivery of synthetic lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis	157
Ten facts about land systems for sustainability	154
Multiple spillovers from humans and onward transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer	153
Next-generation gene drive for population modification of the malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles gambiae	153
High-amplitude cofluctuations in cortical activity drive functional connectivity	151
Exhaled aerosol increases with COVID-19 infection, age, and obesity	151
Untangling the sequence of events during the S 2 → S 3 transition in photosystem II and implications for the water oxidation mecha	150
Strong sequentially bridged MXene sheets	150
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a cat owned by a COVID-19−affected patient in Spain	150
Accurate model of liquid–liquid phase behavior of intrinsically disordered proteins from optimization of single-chain properties	150
Machine learning predicts the functional composition of the protein corona and the cellular recognition of nanoparticles	150
Stretchable origami robotic arm with omnidirectional bending and twisting	149
Why carbon pricing is not sufficient to mitigate climate change—and how “sustainability transition policy” can help	149
Treg-expressed CTLA-4 depletes CD80/CD86 by trogocytosis, releasing free PD-L1 on antigen-presenting cells	149
The NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor OLT1177 rescues cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease	148
Transcriptional and proteomic insights into the host response in fatal COVID-19 cases	146
Mechanistic transmission modeling of COVID-19 on the Diamond Princess cruise ship demonstrates the importance of aerosol transmission	146
CXCR4 inhibition in human pancreatic and colorectal cancers induces an integrated immune response	146
Clusters of bacterial RNA polymerase are biomolecular condensates that assemble through liquid–liquid phase separation	146
A genomic region associated with protection against severe COVID-19 is inherited from Neandertals	145
A megastudy of text-based nudges encouraging patients to get vaccinated at an upcoming doctor’s appointment	145
Heart–brain interactions shape somatosensory perception and evoked potentials	144
Data integration enables global biodiversity synthesis	144
Predicting personality from patterns of behavior collected with smartphones	143
Reversed-engineered human alveolar lung-on-a-chip model	143
A model for a partnership of lipid transfer proteins and scramblases in membrane expansion and organelle biogenesis	143
Metrics that matter for assessing the ocean biological carbon pump	142
Reduced microbial stability in the active layer is associated with carbon loss under alpine permafrost degradation	142
Ultrasensitive CRISPR-based diagnostic for field-applicable detection of Plasmodium species in symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria	141
Dynamic competition between SARS-CoV-2 NSP1 and mRNA on the human ribosome inhibits translation initiation	141
Inhibition of PIKfyve kinase prevents infection by Zaire ebolavirus and SARS-CoV-2	140
Phase transition of RNA−protein complexes into ordered hollow condensates	140
Reconfigurable multifunctional ferrofluid droplet robots	140
Late-spring frost risk between 1959 and 2017 decreased in North America but increased in Europe and Asia	139
Improvement in municipal wastewater treatment alters lake nitrogen to phosphorus ratios in populated regions	139
Direct lysosome-based autophagy of lipid droplets in hepatocytes	138
Tree planting has the potential to increase carbon sequestration capacity of forests in the United States	137
A catalog of tens of thousands of viruses from human metagenomes reveals hidden associations with chronic diseases	137
Cryo-EM structures reveal distinct mechanisms of inhibition of the human multidrug transporter ABCB1	137
Structure of the dimeric ATP synthase from bovine mitochondria	136
Ozone pollution in the North China Plain spreading into the late-winter haze season	136
Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in the presence of favipiravir-RTP	135
Redox imbalance links COVID-19 and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome	135
Translational shutdown and evasion of the innate immune response by SARS-CoV-2 NSP14 protein	135
Explaining the homogeneous diffusion of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions across heterogeneous countries	135
Hierarchical dynamics as a macroscopic organizing principle of the human brain	135
Machine learning uncovers the most robust self-report predictors of relationship quality across 43 longitudinal couples studies	135
Overstated carbon emission reductions from voluntary REDD+ projects in the Brazilian Amazon	134
Room-temperature autonomous self-healing glassy polymers with hyperbranched structure	134
Root angle modifications by the DRO1 homolog improve rice yields in saline paddy fields	133
Precious metal recovery from electronic waste by a porous porphyrin polymer	133
Ranking the risk of animal-to-human spillover for newly discovered viruses	132
Global declines in coral reef calcium carbonate production under ocean acidification and warming	131
SARS-CoV-2 spreads through cell-to-cell transmission	131
Two distinct pathways of pregranulosa cell differentiation support follicle formation in the mouse ovary	131
Identification of EMT signaling cross-talk and gene regulatory networks by single-cell RNA sequencing	130
Estimating maximal microbial growth rates from cultures, metagenomes, and single cells via codon usage patterns	130
African burned area and fire carbon emissions are strongly impacted by small fires undetected by coarse resolution satellite data	129
The effect of the D614G substitution on the structure of the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2	129
Effects of fluorinated solvents on electrolyte solvation structures and electrode/electrolyte interphases for lithium metal batteries	129
Identification of Fenton-like active Cu sites by heteroatom modulation of electronic density	129
SARS-CoV-2 induces double-stranded RNA-mediated innate immune responses in respiratory epithelial-derived cells and cardiomyocytes	129
Identification of existing pharmaceuticals and herbal medicines as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection	129
Impacts of biodiversity and biodiversity loss on zoonotic diseases	129
Functional analysis of the OsNPF4.5 nitrate transporter reveals a conserved mycorrhizal pathway of nitrogen acquisition in plants	129
Single-cell analyses of renal cell cancers reveal insights into tumor microenvironment, cell of origin, and therapy response	129
Studies on the mechanism of general anesthesia	129
Bifidobacterium alters the gut microbiota and modulates the functional metabolism of T regulatory cells in the context of immune checkpoint blockade	128
Communication-efficient federated learning	128
Plant stem-cell organization and differentiation at single-cell resolution	128
Impact of Xylella fastidiosa subspecies pauca in European olives	128
Evaluation of individual and ensemble probabilistic forecasts of COVID-19 mortality in the United States	128
Stewardship of global collective behavior	128
Dynamic prioritization of COVID-19 vaccines when social distancing is limited for essential workers	128
TLR signaling adapter BCAP regulates inflammatory to reparatory macrophage transition by promoting histone lactylation	127
Layer and rhythm specificity for predictive routing	127
Hydrogen sulfide is neuroprotective in Alzheimer’s disease by sulfhydrating GSK3β and inhibiting Tau hyperphosphorylation	126
Regulation of beta-amyloid production in neurons by astrocyte-derived cholesterol	126
Global warming is causing a more pronounced dip in marine species richness around the equator	126
Stem water cryogenic extraction biases estimation in deuterium isotope composition of plant source water	126
Provisional COVID-19 infrastructure induces large, rapid increases in cycling	126
Functional and genetic analysis of viral receptor ACE2 orthologs reveals a broad potential host range of SARS-CoV-2	125
Membrane bending by protein phase separation	125
Climate change and the aridification of North America	124
Robust wrinkled MoS 2 /N-C bifunctional electrocatalysts interfaced with single Fe atoms for wearable zinc-air batteries	124