Middle East Journal

Article	Citations
Securitization as a Tool of Regime Survival: The Deployment of Religious Rhetoric in Bashar al-Asad's Speeches	5
"King Bibi" and Israeli Illiberalism: Assessing Democratic Backsliding in Israel during the Second Netanyahu Era (2009–2021)	4
The Roots of the Sadrist Movement: Muhammad al-Sadr, Religious Authority, and Sociopolitical Practice	3
Affluent and Well-Educated? Analyzing the Socioeconomic Backgrounds of Fallen Palestinian Islamist Militants	3
Tunisia's Peripheral Cities: Marginalization and Protest Politics in a Democratizing Country	3
The Limits of Right-Wing Populism in Power and the Israeli Political Crisis of 2018–2021	2
Water Shortage in Iraq's Kurdistan Region: Problems with Iran and Possible Solutions	2
Reclaiming National Identity in Kurdish School Textbooks	2
The BRI Is What Small States Make of It: Evaluating Kuwait's Engagement with China's Belt and Road Initiative	2
China and the Reconstruction of Syria	2
How Do Liberalized Autocracies Repress Dissent? Evidence from Morocco	2
The World Cup: A Mixed Blessing for Qatari Soft Power (review article)	2
Iranian Reconstruction, Development, and Aid in Syria	2
Background Briefing: The Social Media War in the Middle East	2
Military Doctrines in Israel and Iran: A Doctrinal Hybridity	2
Cities, Globalized Hubs, and Nationalism in the Persian Gulf	2
Salafism, Sectarianism, and National Identity in Iraqi Kurdistan	2
Arab Media Portrayals of Anti-Uyghur Repression: Chinese Propaganda, Anti-Islamist Anxiety, and Anti-Westernism	1
Modern History and Politics: Borderlands: Europe and the Mediterranean Middle East, by Raffaella A. Del Sarto (book review)	1
Managing Transition: The First Post-Uprising Phase in Tunisia and Libya, by Sabina Henneberg. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 275 pages. $99.99 cloth; $80 e-book.	1
Why Were They Not Radicalized? Young Members of the Muslim Brotherhood in the Aftermath of Egypt's 2013 Military Coup	1
Modern History and Politics: After the Arab Uprisings: Progress and Stagnation in the Middle East and North Africa, by Shamiran Mako and Valentine M. Moghadam (book review)	1
Palestine and Palestinians: Political Economy of Palestine: Critical, Interdisciplinary, and Decolonial Perspectives, edited by Alaa Tartir, Tariq Dana, and Timothy Seidel (book review)	1
Seizing Nuclear Tehran: Obstacles to Understanding Iranian Nuclear Activities	1
When Women Walk: Armed Groups and Women's Protest Participation during the Syrian Conflict	1

The Gulf Monarchies and Israel: From Aversion to Pragmatism	1
Palestine and Palestinians: The Endurance of Palestinian Political Factions: An Everyday Perspective from Nahr el-Bared Camp, by Perla Issa (book review)	1
Turkey: Street-Level Governing: Negotiating the State in Urban Turkey, by Elise Massicard (book review)	1
Beyond Instrumentalism: Arab Nationalism and the Foreign Policy of Kuwait in the 1960s and 1970s	1
Palestine and Palestinians: Spacing Debt: Obligations, Violence, and Endurance in Ramallah, Palestine, by Christopher Harker (book review)	1
State Weakness, al-Qa'ida, and Rebel Governance: Yemen from the Arab Spring until 2022	1
Modern History and Politics: A Tale of Two Narratives: The Holocaust, the Nakba, and the Israeli-Palestinian Battle of Memories, by Grace Wermenbol (book review)	1
Arab Scholarship on Turkey's Regional Role before and after the Rise of the AKP	1
Fighting for a Monopoly on Governance: How the Asad State "Won" the Syrian War and to What Extent	1
Modern History and Politics: The Middle East Crisis Factory: Tyranny, Resilience and Resistance, by Iyad El-Baghdadi and Ahmed Gatnash (book review)	1
The Gulf Cooperation Council and the Elusiveness of Defense Cooperation: The Revealing Effect of the 2017–2021 Crisis	1
Religion in the First Year of the Pandemic: Shi'i Jurisprudence on Covid-19 in the Islamic Republic of Iran	1
Syria: Revolutions Aesthetic: A Cultural History of Ba'thist Syria, by Max Weiss (book review)	0
Iraq: Confronting Saddam Hussein: George W. Bush and the Invasion of Iraq, by Melvyn P. Leffler (book review)	0
Tunisia: The Tunisian Revolution and Democratic Transition: The Role of al-Nahdah, by Mohammad Dawood Sofi (book review)	0
Turkey: Crafting Turkish National Identity, 1919–1927: A Rhetorical Approach, by Aysel Morin (book reviews)	0
Morocco: Immigration Nation: Aid, Control, and Border Politics in Morocco, by Lorena Gazzotti (book review)	0
Modern History and Politics: The One State Reality: What Is Israel/Palestine? edited by Michael Barnett, Nathan J. Brown, March Lynch, and Shibley Telhami (book review)	0
Editor's Note	0
Gulf Affairs: The Struggle for Supremacy in the Middle East: Saudi Arabia and Iran, by Simon Mabon	0
Police, Protests, and State Power: Confronting Order and Disorder in Jordan (review article)	0
Tribe and State in the Arabian Peninsula	0
Regional Trends	0
"We Were Getting Close to God, Not Deportees": The Expulsion to Marj al-Zuhur in 1992 as a Milestone in the Rise of Hamas	0
US Recognition of Israeli Territorial Claims in the Golan Heights and Jerusalem: Implications for the Norm against Acquisition of Territory by Force	0
Pre-Twentieth-Century History: Empire of Salons: Conquest and Community in Early Modern Ottoman Lands, by Helen Pfeifer (book review)	0
Collective (Non-)Memory of the Iran-Iraq War and Sectarian Thinking among Veterans-Turned-Shi'i Militia Fighters	0
Sirhan Sirhan and the Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy: Palestinian Rage and the Depoliticization of a Tragedy	0
How Much Does Oil Shape US Strategic Interests in the Middle East?	0
Review: Iran and Saudi Arabia: Taming a Chaotic Conflict, by Ibrahim Fraihat	0
Israel: We Are Not One: A History of America's Fight over Israel, by Eric Alterman (book review)	0
The Iraq War as a War over the Meaning of Europe	0
The Last Shah: America, Iran, and the Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty, by Ray Takeyh. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2020. 336 pages. $32.50.	0
Iran: Triumph and Despair: In Search of Iran’s Islamic Republic, by Mehran Kamrava (book review)	0
Modern History and Politics: The Muslim Brotherhood: Ideology, History, Descendants, by Joas Wagemakers (book review)	0
Iran: An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville, by Reza Aslan (book review)	0
Review: Exile and the Nation: The Parsi Community of India and the Making of Modern Iran, by Afshin Marashi	0
Rethinking Islamophobia: Race, Empire, and Islam in a Global Context (review article)	0
Recent Publications	0
Islam, Democracy, and the Future of the Arab World (review article)	0
Iran: Iran's Soft Power in Afghanistan and Pakistan, by Zahid Shahab Ahmed and Ali Akbar	0
Iran: Oil Crisis in Iran: From Nationalism to Coup d'État, by Ervand Abrahamian (book review)	0
Syria: Moscow's Game of Poker: Russian Military Intervention in Syria, 2015–2017, by Tom Cooper	0
How Much Does Oil Shape US Strategic Interests in the Middle East?	0
Turkey: Turkey in Africa: Turkey's Strategic Involvement in Sub-Saharan Africa, by Federico Donelli (book review)	0
Palestine and Palestinians: Open Gaza: Architectures of Hope, edited by Michael Sorkin and Deen Sharp, and Unsilencing Gaza: Reflections on Resistance, by Sara Roy (book review)	0
Libya: Violence and Social Transformation in Libya, edited by Virginie Collombier and Wolfram Lacher	0
Editorial Foreword (1947)	0
A Century of Changing Perceptions of "Christian Militias" in Iraq	0
Palestine and Palestinians: Becoming Palestine: Toward an Archival Imagination of the Future, by Gil Z. Hochberg, and Networked Refugees: Palestinian Reciprocity and Remittances in the Digi	0

Editor's Note	0
Modern History and Politics: Rebuilding Arab Defense: US Security Cooperation in the Middle East, by Bilal Y. Saab (book review)	0
Yemen: South Yemen's Independence Struggle: Generations of Resistance, by Anne-Linda Amira Augustin (book review)	0
Israel: Continuity and Change in Political Culture: Israel and Beyond, edited by Yael S. Aronoff, Ilan Peleg, and Saliba Sarsar (book review)	0
Modern History and Politics: Democracy or Authoritarianism: Islamist Governments in Turkey, Egypt, and Tunisia, by Sebnem Gumuscu	0
Philosophy, Religion, and Science: Islam and the Arab Revolutions: The Ulama between Democracy and Autocracy, by Usaama al-Azami (book review)	0
Islam in Modern Turkey , by Kim Shively. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. 216 pages. $29.95 paper.	0
Recent Publications	0
Editor's Note	0
Building a Proto-State on Quicksand: The Rise and Fall of the Palestinian State-in-Exile in Lebanon	0
The Bhutto Dynasty: The Struggle for Power in Pakistan , by Owen BennettJones. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2020. 408 pages. $28.	0
Egypt: The Egyptian Revolution of 1919: Legacies and Consequences of the Fight for Independence, edited by H. A. Hellyer and Robert Springborg and Egypt 1919: The Revolution in Literature an	0
United Arab Emirates: Reinventing the Sheikhdom: Clan, Power and Patronage in Mohammed bin Zayed's UAE, by Matthew Hedges (book review)	0
Recent Publications	0
The Persistence of Orientalism: Anglo- American Historians and Modern Egypt , by Peter Gran. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2020. 232 pages. $70 cloth; $24.95 paper.	0
Levant Affairs: In Search of Greater Syria: The History and Politics of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, by Christopher Solomon and The Rise and Fall of Greater Syria: A Political Histo	0
Editor's Note	0
Chronology	0
Palestine: The Social and Cultural History of Palestine: Essays in Honour of Salim Tamari, edited by Sarah Irving	0
Beyond Exception: New Interpretations of the Arabian Peninsula , by Ahmed Kanna, Amélie Le Renard, and Neha Vora. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2020. 153 pages. $125 cloth; $19.95 paper; $12.9	0
TURKEY: The Kurds in Erdoğan's Turkey: Balancing Identity, Resistance and Citizenship , by William Gourlay. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2020. 270 pages. $110.	0
Recent Publications	0
The Enduring Challenges of Middle East Security and the Evolving Role of the United States (review article)	0
Modern History and Politics: Worldmaking in the Long Great War: How Local and Colonial Struggles Shaped the Modern Middle East, by Jonathan Wyrtzen (book review)	0
MOROCCO: Channeling Moroccanness: Language and the Media of Sociality, by Becky L. Schulthies. New York: Fordham University Press, 2020. 240 pages. $32.	0
North African Affairs: Shouting in a Cage: Political Life after Authoritarian Co-Optation in North Africa, by Sofia Fenner	0
SAUDI ARABIA Archive Wars: The Politics of History in Saudi Arabia, by Rosie Bsheer. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2020. 379 pages. $30 paper.	0
Endgames: Military Response to Protest in Arab Autocracies, by Hicham Bou Nassif. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 304 pages. $99.99 cloth; $34.99 paper.	0
Philosophy, Religion, and Science: Salafism and Biological Evolution: Online Salafi Reflections on the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection, by Jean-Francois Letourneau (book review)	0
Turkey: Religion, Identity and Power: Turkey and the Balkans in the Twenty-First Century, by Ahmet Erdi Özturk (book review)	0
Egyptian State Media in Opposition: Al-Ahram under Morsi, 2012–2013	0
MILITARY CONFLICTS AND WARS: Quagmire in Civil War, by Jonah Schulhofer-Wohl. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 380 pages. $99.99 cloth; $32.99 paper.	0
Memorializing the Conquest of Constantinople and Strengthening the Turkish-Greek Alliance in the Context of the Early Cold War	0
Review: New Media and Revolution: Resistance and Dissent in Pre-Uprising Syria, by Billie Jeanne Brownlee	0
Modern History and Politics: The Aftermath of the Arab Uprising: Towards Reconstruction, Democracy and Peace, edited by Samir Makdisi and Raimundo Soto	0
Energy: Oil Money: Middle East Petrodollars and the Transformation of US Empire, 1967–1988, by David M. Wight (book review)	0
A Social Contract Moment: Egypt's National Action Charter and Saudi Arabia's Ten-Point Program Compared	0
Egypt: Egypt: Revolution, Failed Transition and Counter-Revolution, by Azmi Bishara. Translated by Mandy McClure, Chris Hitchcock, and Peter Daniel (book review)	0
Modern History and Politics: Master of the Game: Henry Kissinger and the Art of Middle East Diplomacy, by Martin Indyk (book review)	0
Turkey: Return to Point Zero: The Turkish-Kurdish Question and How Politics and Ideas (Re)Make Empires, Nations, and States, by Murat Somer (book reviews)	0
Modern History and Politics: Saudi Arabia and Iraq as Friends and Enemies: Borders, Tribes and a History Shared, by Joshua Yaphe (book review)	0
Gulf Affaris: Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates: Foreign Policy and Strategic Alliances in an Uncertain World, by Robert Mason	0
Review: Information Warriors: The Battle for Hearts and Minds in the Middle East, by Vyvyan Kinross	0
Modern History and Politics: When Parliaments Ruled the Middle East: Iraq and Syria, 1946–63, by Matthieu Rey (book review)	0
Chronology	0
Iraq: Mosul under ISIS: Eyewitness Accounts of Life in the Caliphate, by Mathilde Becker Aarseth (book review)	0
Modern History and Politics: God's Property: Islam, Charity, and the Modern State, by Nada Moumtaz (book review)	0
Editor's Note	0
Water and Conflict in the Middle East, edited by Marcus Dubois King. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. 288 pages. $34.95.	0
Egypt: Acting Egyptian: Theater, Identity, and Political Culture in Cairo, 1869–1930, by Carmen M. K. Gitre, and Midnight in Cairo: The Divas of Egypt's Roaring '20s, by Raphael Cormack	0
Review: Graveyard of Clerics: Everyday Activism in Saudi Arabia, by Pascal Menoret	0
Saudi Arabia: The Son King: Reform and Repression in Saudi Arabia, by Madawi Al-Rasheed (book review)	0
Pre-Twentieth-Century History: The Lost and Untold History of the Kurds: Rediscovering the Beginning of the Western Civilisation and the Origin of the Indo-European Languages ca. 10000 BC–1300 CE	0
Recent Publications	0
Escape to Germany in Syrian Television Drama: From Cross-Cultural Gender Constructions to Transnational Tropes of Masculinity and Homeland	0
Tunisia: A Fledgling Democracy: Tunisia in the Aftermath of the Arab Uprisings, edited by Mohamed Zayani (book review)	0
Editor's Note	0
Recent Publications	0
Modern History and Politics: Policy of Deceit Britain and Palestine, 1914–1939, by Peter Shambrook	0
Iran: The Other Side of Silence: A Memoir of Exile, Iran, and the Global Women’s Movement, by Mahnaz Afkhami (book review)	0
Egypt: Media of the Masses: Cassette Culture in Modern Egypt,by Andrew Simon (book review)	0
The Re-Enchantment of the Orient: Mista‘arvim and Their Special Status in Jewish-Israeli Society	0
The Rashid Theater in Baghdad: The Drama of a Nation	0
Turkey: Figures that Speak: The Vocabulary of Turkish Nationalism, by Matthew deTar (book review)	0
Palestine: Refuge and Resistance: Palestinians and the International Refugee System, by Anne Irfan	0
Education: The Political Economy of Education in the Arab World, edited by Hicham Alaoui and Robert Springborg (book review)	0
Recent Publications	0
Political and Military Obstacles to the North African Regional Capability	0
The Evolution of the Armed Forces of the United Arab Emirates , by Athol Yates. Warwick, UK: Helion & Co. 380 pages. $120.	0
Urbanism, Climate Change, and the Public Utility of Greening Cairo	0
Policing Copts: Sadat, Shenouda, and the Transnational Diaspora Politics of Cold War Egypt	0
Iraq: A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy: The Saudi Struggle for Iraq, by Katherine Harvey (book review)	0
The Origins of the Arab-Iranian Conflict: Nationalism and Sovereignty in the Gulf between the World Wars , by Chelsi Mueller. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 274 pages. $99.99.	0
Afghanistan: Afghan Crucible: The Soviet Invasion and the Making of Modern Afghanistan, by Elisabeth Leake (book review)	0
Gulf Affairs: The Gulf States and the Horn of Africa: Interests, Influences and Instability, edited by Robert Mason and Simon Mabon (book review)	0
The Grimness of the Alternatives: Carter, Israel, and the Civil War in Lebanon	0
Minorities and Minority Rights in Tur- key: From the Ottoman Empire to the Present State, by Baskın Oran. Translated by John William Day. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2021. 275 pages. $98.50	0
US Regional Policy: Grand Delusions: The Rise and Fall of American Ambition in the Middle East, by Steven Simon	0
Dueling Legacies: Which Sultan Deserves Credit for Oman's Oil-Driven Development?	0
Turkey: Turkey under Erdoğan: How a Country Turned from Democracy and the West, by Dimitar Bechev and Erdoğan’s War: A Strongman’s Struggle at Home and in Syria, by Gönül Tol (book revie	0

Recent Publications	0
ISRAEL: Israel in Africa: Security, Migration, Interstate Politics, by Yotam Gidron. London: Zed Books, 2020. 213 pages. $25.	0
Syrian Requiem: The Civil War and Its Aftermath, by Itamar Rabinovich and Carmit Valensi. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2021. 255 pages. $29.95.	0
Algeria: Algeria: Politics and Society from the Dark Decade to the Hirak, by Michael J. Willis (book review)	0
Baghdad behind Walls: Mapping Urban Heritage for Spatial Justice	0
Egypt: The Roots of Revolt: A Political Economy of Egypt from Nasser to Mubarak, by Angela Joya (book review)	0
Israel: The Oxford Handbook of Israeli Politics and Society, edited by Reuven Y. Hazan, Alan Dowty, Menachem Hofnung, and Gideon Rahat (book review)	0
How ISIS Fights: Military Tactics in Iraq, Syria, Libya and Egypt, by Omar Ashour. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. 256 pages. $120 cloth; $19.95 paper.	0
Saudi Arabia: Charity in Saudi Arabia: Civil Society under Authoritarianism, by Nora Derbal (book review)	0
Recent Publications	0
Review: Jews, Muslims and Jerusalem: Disputes and Dialogues, by Moshe Ma'oz	0
Israel: Jewish Women and the Defense of Palestine: The Modest Revolution, 1907–1945, by Meir Chazan	0
In Memoriam	0
Away from Chaos: The Middle East and the Challenge of the West, by Gilles Kepel. Translated by Henry Randolph. New York: Columbia University Press, 2020. 366 pages. $35.	0
Afghanistan: The Afghanistan Papers: A Secret History of the War, by Craig Whitlock.	0
Recent Publications	0
The AKP's Syria Policy and the Emergence of Competitive Authoritarianism in Turkey	0
SYRIA: Surviving the War in Syria: Survival Strategies in a Time of Conflict , by Justin Schon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 249 pages. $39.99 cloth; $32 e-book.	0
Review: Nostalgia for the Empire: The Politics of Neo-Ottomanism, by M. Hakan Yavuz	0
Recent Publications	0
Review: Losing the Long Game: The False Promise of Regime Change in the Middle East, by Philip H. Gordon	0
The Mo'talefeh (Islamic Coalition Society): From Revolutionary Allies to Challengers of Ayatollah Khomeini's Policies, 1979–1989	0
Turkey: Turkey's State Crisis: Institutions, Reform, and Conflict, by Bülent Aras (book review)	0
Yemen: Yemen in the Shadow of Transition: Pursuing Justice amid War, by Stacey Philbrick Yadav (book review)	0
Israel: Searching for Peace: A Memoir of Israel, by Ehud Olmert. Translated by David Hazony (book review)	0
Libya: Libya and the Global Enduring Disorder, by Jason Pack (book review)	0
Turkey: The Remaking of Republican Turkey: Memory and Modernity since the Fall of the Ottoman Empire, by Nicholas L. Danforth (book review)	0
Editor's Note	0
Iraq: Iraq against the World: Saddam, America, and the Post–Cold War Order, by Samuel Helfont	0
Modern History and Politics: Entrepreneurs of Identity: The Islamic State's Symbolic Repertoire, by Christoph Günther (book review)	0
Book Reviews	0
From the Mountains to the Élysée: The Precarious International Legitimacy of the Syrian Kurdish YPG and PYD	0
The Threat of North African Foreign Fighter Returnees: Myths and Realities	0
Editor’s Note	0
Egypt: The Muslim Brothers in Society: Everyday Politics, Social Action, and Islamism in Mubarak's Egypt, by Marie Vannetzel. Translated by David Tresilian (book review)	0
Modern History and Politics: Conflict Mediation in the Arab World, edited by Ibrahim Fraihat and Isak Svensson	0
Iran: The Unfinished History of the Iran-Iraq War: Faith, Firepower, and Iran's Revolutionary Guards, by Annie Tracy Samuel (book review)	0
Levant Affairs: Reaching for the Heights: The Inside Story of a Secret Attempt to Reach a Syrian-Israeli Peace, by Frederic C. Hof (book review)	0
Hirak: Tales from the Maghrib (review article)	0
Editor's Note	0
Iraq: The Paranoid Style in American Diplomacy: Oil and Arab Nationalism in Iraq, by Brandon Wolfe-Hunnicutt (book review)	0
Problematic Archives: Documentary Knowledge of Modern Iraq between Ex- and Repatriation	0
America and Iran: A History, 1720 to the Present , by John Ghazvinian. London: Oneworld, 2020. 667 pages. £35.	0
Syria: Syria and the Neutrality Trap: The Dilemmas of Delivering Humanitarian Aid through Violent Regimes, by Carsten Wieland (book review)	0
A Wall of Despair: The Interplay of the Turkish Wall and Foreign Policy in Syria	0
Recent Publications	0
Editor's Note	0
Turkey: A Past Against History, by Christine M. Philliou. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2021. 294 pages. $85 cloth; $32.95 paper.	0
Review: Turkey's Mission Impossible: War and Peace with the Kurds, by Cengiz Çandar	0
Modern History and Politics: The Politics of Immigration beyond Liberal States: Morocco and Tunisia in Comparative Perspective, by Katharina Natter (book review)	0
Syria: Everybody's War: The Politics of Aid in the Syria Crisis, edited by Jehan Bseiso, Michiel Hofman, and Jonathan Whittall (book review)	0
Editor's Note	0
Special Issue Introduction	0
The Far Right, Labor Unions, and the Working Class in Turkey since the 1960s	0
Review: Houses Built on Sand: Violence, Sectarianism and Revolution in the Middle East, by Simon Mabon	0
Party Practices in the Context of Lebanon’s Sectarian Political System: Explaining the Unachieved Goals of the Free Patriotic Movement	0
Peacebuilding, Patronage-Building, and Post-Conflict NGO Corruption: Barriers to Democratization in Anbar, Iraq	0
Revolutionary Decades: Yemeni National Memory, 1962–2012	0
Afghanistan: The Decline and Fall of Republican Afghanistan, by Ahmad Shuja Jamal and William Maley (book review)	0
Turkey: The Nation or the Ummah: Islamism and Turkish Foreign Policy, by Birol Başkan and Ömer Taşpınar (book review)	0
Review: Sovereignty Suspended: Building the So-Called State, by Rebecca Bryant and Mete Hatay	0
Modern History and Politics: Islam, Justice, and Democracy, by Sabri Ciftci (book review)	0
Vision or Mirage: Saudi Arabia at the Crossroads , by David H. Rundell. New York: I. B. Tauris, 2021. 299 pages. $27.	0
Review: Soleimani, the U.S., and Iran's Global Ambitions, by Arash Azizi	0
Philosophy, Religion, And Science: Islam, Revival, and Reform: Redefining Tradition for the Twenty-First Century, edited by Natana J. DeLong-Bas (book review)	0
Editor's Note	0
Israeli Foreign Policy since the End of the Cold War , by Amnon Aran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. 433 pages. $99.99 cloth.	0
The Blocked Road to Democracy: Culture Wars in the Arab World and the End of Politics (review article)	0
Background Briefing: The Geopolitics of Afghan-Iranian Relations	0
Turkey: Erdoğan: The Making of an Autocrat, by M. Hakan Yavuz (book review)	0
Coming of Age in Iran: Poverty and the Struggle for Dignity , by Manata Hashemi. New York: NYU Press, 2020. 222 pages. $89.	0
Security and Empowerment as Justice: Yezidi Women's Demands and Perceptions of Post-Genocide Justice	0
Egypt: Tahrir's Youth: Leaders of a Leaderless Revolution, by Rusha Latif (book review)	0
Egypt: Cronyism and Elite Capture in Egypt: From Businessmen Cabinet to Military Inc., by Sarah Smierciak (book review)	0
Biography: Years of Glory: Nelly Benatar and the Pursuit of Justice in Wartime North Africa, by Susan Gilson Miller (book review)	0
Editor's Note	0
Decolonizing Palestine: Hamas between the Anticolonial and the Postcolonial, by Somdeep Sen. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2021. 249 pages. $125 cloth; $29.95 paper.	0
Turkey: Turkey and the Kurdish Peace Process: Actors, Issues, and Context, by Arin Y. Savran (book reviews)	0
Jordan: Time and Power in Azraq Refugee Camp: A Nine-to-Five Emergency, by Melissa Gatter	0
ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE: The Power of Deserts: Climate Change, the Middle East, and the Promise of a Post-Oil Era, by Dan Rabinowitz. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2020. 184 pages. $	0
Review: Methodists and Muslims: My Life as an Orientalist, by Richard W. Bulliet	0
The Failed Ba'thification of Iraqi Kurdistan: The Ideological and Organizational Strategies of the Ba'th Party in Northern Iraq, 1968–2003	0
The Oil Thief of Baghdad: Understanding Saddam's Motives for Invading Iran	0
Eat the State (review article)	0
Syria: Syria Betrayed: Atrocities, War, and the Failure of International Diplomacy, by Alex J. Bellamy (book review)	0
MIGRATION AND REFUGEES: Reluctant Reception: Refugees, Migra- tion and Governance in the Middle East and North Africa, by Kelsey P. Norman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 260 pages. $84.	0
Review: Tunisian Civil Society: Political Culture and Democratic Function since 2011, by Alexander P. Martin	0
Deterrence through Diplomacy: Oman's Dialogue Facilitation Initiatives during the Yemeni Civil War	0
Economic Conditions: Public Sector Reform in the Middle East and North Africa: Lessons from Experience for a Region in Transition, edited by Robert P. Beschel Jr. and Tarik M. Yousef (book revi	0
Modern History and Politics: Women's Political Representation in Iran and Turkey: Demanding a Seat at the Table, by Mona Tajali	0
Morocco: Killing Contention: Demobilizationin Morocco during the Arab Spring, by Sammy Zeyad Badran (book review)	0
The Resilience of Populism in Iranian Politics: A Closer Look at the Nexus between Internal and External Factors	0
Chronology	0
Modern History and Politics: The Contemporary Middle East in an Age of Upheaval, edited by James L. Gelvin (book review)	0
Gulf Affairs: Creative Insecurity: Institutional Inertia and Youth Potential in the GCC, by Dania Thafer	0