OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Metrologia is 1. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-02-01 to 2025-02-01.)

Article	Citations
International comparison CCQM-K150: particle number concentration (100 to 20 000 cm^-3) and particle charge concentration (0.15 to 3 fC cm^-3)	26
Supplementary comparisons of national standards of ratio error and phase displacement of AC voltage of power frequency COOMET 411/RU-a/07 (COOMET.EM-S6)	24
Comparison of liquid density measurements among SIM NMIs - SIM.M.D-S7	23
Traceability for nuclear medicine: the status of primary radioactivity standards	20
Supplementary comparisons of DC high voltage measuring reference instruments COOMET 449Ru-a08 (COOMET_EM-S7)	20
CCQM-K160: platinum group elements in automotive catalyst	19
Final report, ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with EMPA, June 2023	19
Report on EURAMET supplementary comparison on measurement of a 1 mm stage micrometer	17
Automatic alignment technique for the suspended coil in the joule balance	16
Characterization of the collisional frequency shift in an atomic fountain clock using absorption imaging	15
Noise-induced servo errors in optical clocks utilizing Rabi interrogation	14
Primary standard for traceability in low liquid hydrocarbon fuel flow rates	13
Absolute frequency of ⁸⁷Sr at 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁶ uncertainty by reference to remote primary frequency standards	13
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ga-67 of activity measurements of the radionuclide ⁶⁷Ga to include the 2023 result of the CMI (Czechia)	13
Measuring and adjusting the distance between the center of mass and optical center of a free-falling body in an absolute gravimeter	11
CCQM-K91.2022 key comparison on pH of an unknown phthalate buffer	11
Report of the CCRI(II) supplementary international comparison of measurement of activity per unit mass of Cs-134 and Cs-137 in wheat flour (CCRI(II)-S13)	11
Elements in lipstick material	10
APMP.M.H-S5 final report of the supplementary comparison of Brinell hardness	10
Final report on the EURAMET key comparison EURAMET AUV.V-K5	10
Supplementary comparison of national standard instruments in the field of magnetic flux density and magnetic flux measurements by sensing coils	10
Calibration of gauge blocks by optical interferometry comparison - final report	10
CCQM-P206, nitrous oxide (N₂O) in air, ambient level, pilot study run in parallel with CCQM-K68.2019	10
Determination of elements in river water	10
Key comparison study - organic solvent calibration solution - gravimetric preparation and value assignment of deoxynivalenol (DON) in acetonitrile (ACN)	9

EURAMET Key Comparison EURAMET.M.D-K4.2020: Hydrometer calibration comparison from 600 kg/m³ to 2000 kg/m³	9
Final report of APMP comparison of mass standards APMP.M.M-K5 (Sub-) multiples mass key comparison	9
Comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K6 of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the PTB, Germany, and the BIPM, in accelerator photon beams	9
SIM.M.P-S8 final report	9
Final report of the new BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ra-223 of activity measurements of the radionuclide ²²³Ra including the 2014 result of the NPL (United Kingdom), the 2014 result of th	9
Supplementary comparison CCRI(I)-S3 of standards for absorbed dose to water in ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation at radiation processing dose levels	9
Comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K6 of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the NRC, Canada and the BIPM in accelerator photon beams	8
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K1 of the air-kerma standards of the NMIJ, Japan and the BIPM in ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation	8
Proposal for the dimensionally consistent treatment of angle and solid angle by the International System of Units (SI)	8
Key comparison study on peptide purity - hexapeptide of HbA0	8
Final report, ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with NMC-A*STAR, July 2022	8
Assay of sodium carbonate	8
Final report of APMP.AUV.V-S2: supplementary comparison on calibration of laser tachometers using mechanical generators or optical simulators	8
Toward a unified formulation of the acoustic transfer admittance of cylindrical cavities for reciprocity calibration of microphones	8
Final report on the key comparison CCAUV.A-K6	8
Realization and evaluation of the triple point of sulfur hexafluoride	7
Temperature dependence correction method of LED filament lamp for total luminous flux calibration based on voltage measurement	7
Evaluation of the relativistic redshift in frequency standards at KRISS	7
A novel high accuracy micrometer for the measurement of diameter	7
SIM Thermocouple Type S Supplementary Comparison	7
ITS-90 SPRT calibration from the Ar TP to the Zn FP	7
RMO SC comparison COOMET.M.H-S3	7
Final report on EURAMET key comparison EURAMET.M.D-K2.2 (1523)	7
Flexures for Kibble balances: minimizing the effects of anelastic relaxation	7
Supplementary comparison for the traceability of AC high voltage reference measuring systems up to 200 kV (EURAMET.EM-S33)	7
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4 of the absorbed dose to water standards of the NIM, China and the BIPM in ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation	7
Final report for SIM.QM-S12: supplementary comparison for trace elements in natural water	6
Final report on CCQM-K167: carbon isotope delta measurements of vanillin	6
Bilateral comparison of 1.018 V and 10 V standards between CSIR-NPL (India) and the BIPM, April to June 2022 (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11.a and b)	6
COOMET regional comparison of the national standards of air kerma for x-radiation qualities used for radiation protection and diagnostic radiology (COOMET.RI(I)-S3)	6
APMP key comparison report of air kerma for ¹³⁷Cs (APMP.RI(I)-K5)	6
Bilateral comparison of 1.018 V and 10 V standards between DEFNAT (Tunisia) and the BIPM, April to June 2022 (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11.a and b)	6
Editorial for the Metrologia Focus Issue on Length Metrology	6
The value of stable, comparable and standardised measurement: enabling confidence in decision making for societal challenges	6
Bilateral comparison of irradiance scales between PMOD/WRC and PTB for longwave downward radiation measurements	6
International comparison CCQM-K3.2019 automotive exhaust gases	6
Monitoring of the offset between UTC and its prediction broadcast by the GNSS	5
Refining the cold atom pressure standard	5
Corrigendum: Refractive index gas thermometry between 13.8 K and 161.4 K (2021 Metrologia 58 025008)	5
Traceable methods for calibrating condensation particle counters at concentrations down to 1 cm⁻³	5
CCQM-K161 "Anions in Seawater"	5
Use of bidirectional transmittance distribution function measurements to determine transmittance haze	5
Decadal validation of the LASP TRF cryogenic radiometer by NIST, and establishment of a replacement room temperature standard*	5
Final report on the CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014 Luminous Intensity	5
SIM.T-K9.3: Standard platinum resistance thermometer ITS-90 realizations from the Hg triple point to the Zn freezing point	5
Wavemeter calibration by frequency comb	5
International comparison CCQM-P229 pilot study to measure line intensities of selected ¹²C¹⁶O transitions	5
Corrigendum: Calibrating spectrometers for measurements of the spectral irradiance caused by solar radiation (2020 Metrologia 57 065027)	5
A ⁸⁷Sr optical lattice clock with 2.9 × 10⁻¹⁷ uncertainty and its absolute frequency measurement	5
Corrigendum: Corrections to a proposal for three categories of units within the SI (2024 Metrologia 61 033001)	5

Adoption of ICRU report 90 recommendations in the Canadian Co-60 air-kerma primary standard	5
Bilateral comparison of 1.018 V and 10 V standards between the NSAI (Ireland) and the BIPM, May to June 2024 (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11.a and b)	5
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K5 of the air-kerma standards of the BEV, Austria and the BIPM in ¹³⁷Cs gamma radiation	5
A Bayesian statistical method for large-scale MEMS-based sensors calibration: a case study on 100 digital accelerometers	5
Review of field characterization techniques for high intensity therapeutic ultrasound	5
News from the BIPM laboratories—2023	5
CCQM-P123 number and geometric property of cells adhered to a solid substrate	5
Final report of the supplementary comparison between NIMT and LNE on pressure standards in the range 50 MPa to 500 MPa of hydraulic gauge pressure	5
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K7 of the air-kerma standards of the PTB, Germany, and the BIPM in mammography x-rays	5
A further short history of the SI prefixes	5
APMP key comparison of luminous intensity (APMP.PR-K3.a): final report	5
A numerical investigation of effective optical characteristics of dielectric mixture layer on Si sphere by FDTD method	5
Euramet RMO supplementary comparison low pressure air flow between 25m³/h and 400 m³/h	5
PAWG Pilot Study on Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody - Part 1	4
Terahertz frequency counter based on a semiconductor-superlattice harmonic mixer with four-octave measurable bandwidth and 16-digit precision	4
Comparison of low air speed facilities	4
Thickness and refractive index measurements of a thin-film using an artificial neural network algorithm	4
Achieving traceability to UTC through GNSS measurements	4
The influence of time varying magnetic fields on the determinations of Newton’s constant at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures	4
Rejection sampling for Bayesian uncertainty evaluation using the Monte Carlo techniques of GUM-S1	4
Novel developments of refractive power measurement techniques in the automotive world	4
EURAMET.T-K.7 Comparison : Inter-laboratory comparison of triple point of water cells	4
New beta primary standard (BPS2) and revised ISO 6980 at PTB	4
Quantum plasmonic sensing by Hong–Ou–Mandel interferometry	4
Comparison report between NIM and CMS of the ITS-90 realization at the triple point of argon	4
The CIPM list ‘Recommended values of standard frequencies’: 2021 update	4
CCQM-K68.2019, nitrous oxide (N₂O) in air, ambient level, final report	4
A bilateral comparison of NIST and PTB laser power standards for scale realization confidence by gravitational wave observatories	4
Electron paramagnetic resonance study of silicon-28 single crystal for realization of the kilogram	4
Femtosecond-comb based 10 MHz-to-optical frequency link with uncertainty at the 10⁻¹⁸ level	4
Anomaly detection for atomic clocks using unsupervised machine learning algorithms	4
Assessment of the INRIM trace water generator and analysis of the uncertainty components down to −100 °C frost-point temperature	3
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4 of the absorbed dose to water standards of the NRC, Canada and the BIPM in ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation	3
SIM.QM-S10: supplementary comparison for trace elements in skim milk powder	3
Final report on EURAMET key comparison EURAMET.M.D-K2.1 (1522)	3
The CCL-K11 ongoing key comparison. Final report for 2021	3
On the uncertainties in the realization of the kelvin based on thermodynamic temperatures of high-temperature fixed-point cells	3
SIM key comparison in pneumatic gauge pressure for high accuracy pressure balances up to 120 kPa (SIM.M.P-K6)	3
Final report of CCQM-P225a and b, international comparison on carbon dioxide in air and nitrogen at ambient levels (350 μmol/mol to 800 μmol/mol)	3
Bilateral Comparison of 1.018 V and 10 V Standards between the SMD (Belgium) and the BIPM, October to December 2021 (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11)	3
Supplementary comparison of national measurement standards of gauge pressure in the range from 1 MPa to 10 MPa	3
Angles in the SI: a detailed proposal for solving the problem	3
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K3 of the air-kerma standards of the BFKH, Hungary, and the BIPM in medium-energy x-rays	3
Traceable quantitative analysis of Ag_xCu_1−x alloy films by ID ICP-MS, RBS and MEIS	3
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4 of the absorbed dose to water standards of the BFKH, Hungary and the BIPM in ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation	3
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Sn-113 of activity measurements of the radionuclide ¹¹³Sn to include the 2017 result of the LNE-LNHB (France)	3
A constant pressure flowmeter for extreme-high vacuum	3
Economic optimization of acceptance interval in conformity assessment: 2. Process with unknown systematic effect	3
Comparison of liquid samples of density	3
The CCL-K11 on-going key comparison. Final report for the period 2018 to 2020	3
Bilateral key comparison EURAMET.EM-K11.1 "AC-DC Voltage Transfer Difference at Low Voltages"	3
Statistics for quantifying aging in time transfer system delays	3
Final report, ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with DHMZ, July 2022	3
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Na-22 of activity measurements of the radionuclide ²²Na to include the 2022 result of the NMISA (South Africa)	3
Mass fraction assignment of Bisphenol-A high purity material	3
Report on the key comparison, CCM.F-K23 in force at 200 N and 500 N	3
Bilateral comparison of 1 Ω and 10 kΩ standards (ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K13) between the NPLI (India) and the BIPM	3
Key comparison study on peptide purity - glycated hexapeptide of HbA1c	3
Remote time and frequency calibration with holdover traceability from a new treatment of non-white noise in rubidium clocks	3
Calibration of angle standards	3
Final report on GULFMET supplementary comparison of high current transformer measuring systems (GULFMET.EM-S7)	3
Report on comparison EURAMET.M.M-S10 (comparison of sub-multiples of the kilogram)	3
Connector effects and reference plane influence in the N-Type connector	3
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K2 of the air-kerma standards of the BFKH, Hungary, and the BIPM in low-energy x-rays	3
Impact study of numerical discretization accuracy on parameter reconstructions and model parameter distributions	3
CCAUV.W-K2 final report - key comparison CCAUV.W-K2: calibration of hydrophones in the frequency range from 250 Hz to 500 kHz	2
Comparison in 50 kg Mass Standard SIM.M.M-S12	2
Absolute frequency measurement of a Yb optical clock at the limit of the Cs fountain	2
Evaluation of effective area of air piston gauge with limitations in piston–cylinder dimension measurements	2
Line intensities of CO near 1560 nm measured with absorption and dispersion spectroscopy	2
Role of measurement uncertainty in the comparison of average areal rainfall methods	2
High-fidelity analysis of the electro-optical non-equivalence of planar electrical substitution radiometers	2
Detection and identification of faults in clock ensembles with the generalized likelihood ratio test	2
Accelerator-driven photon reference field for replacement of ¹³⁷Cs γ-ray	2
Supplementary comparison of the measurement of the alpha and beta particle surface emission rates from large area sources (CCRI(II)-S10 LASCE)	2
Characterization of the LED filament lamp for luminous intensity calibration	2
COOMET key comparison COOMET.PR-K1.a.2018 for spectral irradiance 250 nm to 2500 nmm, final report	2
Precise density measurement and its uncertainty evaluation for refractory liquid metals over 3000 K using electrostatic levitation	2
Gas flow standards and their uncertainty	2
Determination of sensitivity coefficients and their uncertainties in Rockwell hardness measurement: a Monte Carlo method for multiple linear regression	2

Extension of NIM illuminance scale to very low levels (1 × 10⁻¹⁰ lx to 2 lx)	2
Acoustic measurement of the triple point of neon T _Ne and thermodynamic calibration of a transfer standard for accurate cryogenic thermometry	2
The CCL-K11 ongoing key comparison. Final report for 2023	2
Final report comparison of the calibrations of hydrometers for liquid density determination among SIM laboratories, SIM.M.D-S6	2
EURAMET.M.FF-S13 final report	2
Subsequent comparison of measurements of neutron source emission rate (2012) - CCRI(III)-K9.AmBe.1	2
Trap induced broadening in a potential hydrogen lattice clock	2
Mid-infrared spectral responsivity scale based on an absolute cryogenic radiometer and a tunable quantum cascade laser	2
On the rationale for recent updates to the SI Brochure concerning angles and quantities with the unit one	2
AFRIMETS.EM-S2: comparison on digital multimeter for DC voltage, DC current, DC resistance, AC voltage and AC current parameters	2
Towards traceable dynamic pressure calibration using a shock tube with an optical probe for accurate phase determination	2
Report of subsequent key comparison CCQM - K73.2018.2 amount content of H+ in hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/kg-1)	2
Determining the calibration factor of Rn-220 by low-pressure scintillation cell	2
APMP key comparison of AC-DC current transfer standards: final report	2
The CIPM MRA—success and performance	2
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K8 of high dose-rate ¹⁹²Ir brachytherapy standards for reference air kerma rate of the VSL and the BIPM	2
Practical realisation of the kelvin by Johnson noise thermometry	2
CIPM key comparison of viscosity CCM.V-K4	2
Improved absolute frequency measurement of the strontium ion clock using a GPS link to the SI second	2
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ge-68 of activity measurements of the radionuclide ⁶⁸Ge to include the 2021 result of the NIM (China)	2
Report on the AFRIMETS.M.T-S1 supplementary torque comparison for 500 N·m and 1000 N·m between NIS (Egypt) and PTB (Germany)	2
Supplementary comparison study - measurement capabilities for the quantification of ethanol in water	2
COOMET.PR-S1 Comparison of whiteness and brightness. Final report	2
A comparison in conventional mass measurements SIM.M.M-S6	2
Results of the EURAMET.RI(II)-K2.Ho-166 key comparison for the activity of the radionuclide ¹⁶⁶Ho per unit mass of aqueous solution	2
The candela realisation using molybdenum carbon fixed-point blackbody	2
Refractive index gas thermometry between 13.8 K and 161.4 K	2
Conversion of a piston–cylinder dimensional dataset to the effective area of a mechanical pressure generator	2
Final report of CCQM-K96.2023: assay of potassium dichromate	2
Measurement of bidirectional transmittance distribution function in the visible and near-infrared spectral range	2
Final report of APMP.AUV.V-S1: supplementary comparison on calibration of laser tachometers using mechanical generators	2
Dark uncertainty in key comparisons in the gas analysis area	2
A robust time scale for space applications using the student’s t-distribution	2
Speed of sound measurements and derived third and fourth acoustic virial coefficients of supercritical neon	2
Relating SI units to the ‘defining constants’	2
Coherent fiber links operated for years: effect of missing data	2
CIPM key comparison CCPR-K1.a.2017 for spectral irradiance 250 nm to 2500 nm. Final report	2
Final report of AFRIMETS.M.D-S4 - hydrometer calibrations	2
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Mn-54 of activity measurements of the radionuclide ⁵⁴Mn to include the 2024 result of the POLATOM (Poland)	2
Supplementary comparison study - fipronil-sulfone in chicken egg powder (APMP.QM-S16)	2
On the distinction between SI base units and SI derived units	1
AFRIMETS supplementary comparison on calibration of caliper	1
Comparison of primary gas flow standard spanning the range from 2 mL/min to 10 L/min	1
Practical realization of the watt from Planck’s constant using radiation pressure	1
Differential sampling of AC waveforms based on a programmable Josephson voltage standard using a high-precision sampler	1
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K5 of the air-kerma standards of the GUM, Poland and the BIPM in ¹³⁷Cs gamma radiation	1
High amplification laser-pressure optic enables ultra-low uncertainty measurements of optical laser power at kilowatt levels	1
Calibrating the global network of gravitational wave observatories via laser power calibration at NIST and PTB	1
GPS PPP-AR frequency transfer and its application for comparing atomic fountain primary frequency standards between NRC and PTB	1
Comparison of blackbody for clinical infrared ear thermometers	1
Letter case pairs for SI prefix symbols	1
A bilateral comparison of ²²⁷Th activity standards between National Physical Laboratory and National Institute of Standards and Technology	1
A digital framework for realising the SI—a proposal for the metre	1
Unit one is intrusive	1
A laser pistonphone designed for absolute calibration of infrasound sensors from 10 mHz up to 20 Hz	1
High polarity analyte(s) in aqueous media: Determination of L-PFOA and L-PFOS in ground water	1
CCQM-K173.1 - Assay of sodium carbonate. Final report	1
Corrigendum: Thermal neutron reference radiation facility with high thermalization and large uniformity area (2023 Metrologia 60 045002)	1
A virtual flow meter downstream of various elbow configurations	1
Final report on key comparison APMP.M.P-K7.3 in hydraulic gauge pressure from 10 MPa to 100 MPa	1
Compensation of isotope ratio mismatch in double isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ID-ICP/MS)	1
Residual resistance ratio as indicator for the influence of impurities on fixed-point temperatures	1
Direct implementation of a frequency-programmable Josephson voltage standard to provide an SI traceable optical power scale	1
EURAMET.EM-S44 comparison for ultra-low DC current sources	1
CCM.G-K2.2023: CIPM key comparison of absolute gravimeters	1
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K7 of the air-kerma standards of the KRISS, Republic of Korea, and the BIPM in mammography x-rays	1
Intercontinental frequency ratio measurement of	1
Red-shift effect on the zero-field splitting for negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond	1
An SI for humans and a digital-SI for machines	1
¹⁷¹Yb⁺ optical clock with 2.2	1
Eight-element polarisation independent transmission trap detector with high attenuation	1
Evaluation of different general V(λ) mismatch indices of photometers for LED-based light sources in general lighting applications	1
Ode to Bayesian methods in metrology	1
A calculable pistonphone for the absolute calibration of hydrophones in the frequency range from 0.5 Hz to 250 Hz	1
The forgotten (?) potentiometric method in thermometry	1
Supplementary comparisons of reference measuring systems of electric capacitance and loss dissipation factor on AC high voltage of power frequency COOMET 604/RU-a/13 (COOMET.EM-S18)	1
Machine learning based priors for Bayesian inversion in MR imaging	1
Comparison of methods to determine the fluence of monoenergetic neutrons in the energy range from 30 keV to 14.8 MeV	1
Final report on the supplementary comparison EURAMET.AUV.V-S2	1
Calibration of an ionisation chamber for parent–progeny decay	1
Long-term stability of molecular doped epigraphene quantum Hall standards: single elements and large arrays (R _K/236 ≈ 109 Ω)	1
Ultra-low frequency calibration of broadband seismometers using a tilt table	1
Improvements of the programmable quantum current generator for better traceability of electrical current measurements	1
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K3 of the air-kerma standards of the PTB, Germany, and the BIPM in medium-energy x-rays	1
APMP.M.H-S6 final report of the supplementary comparison of Vickers hardness	1
Primary calibration system for digital accelerometers	1
Prenormative verification and validation of a protocol for measuring magnetite–maghemite ratios in magnetic nanoparticles	1
Higher-order Allan variance for atomic clocks of arbitrary order: mathematical foundation	1
International comparison CCQM-K10.2018: BTEX in nitrogen at 5 nmol mol⁻¹	1
Calibrating laser Doppler anemometers utilizing an optical chopper	1
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K8 of high dose-rate ¹⁹²Ir brachytherapy standards for reference air kerma rate of the PTB and the BIPM	1
Traceable characterisation of fibre-coupled single-photon detectors	1
Measurement of average mass attenuation coefficient of air for ¹³⁷Cs gamma-ray irradiation beam	1
Measurements of absolute, SI-traceable lunar irradiance with the airborne lunar spectral irradiance (air-LUSI) instrument	1
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Cs-137 of activity measurements of the radionuclide ¹³⁷Cs to include the 2014 result of the NRC (Canada) and the 2018 result of the TENMAK-NÜKEN	1