Language Learning

Article	Citations
Individual Differences in Second Language Listening: Examining the Role of Knowledge, Metacognitive Awareness, Memory, and Attention	51
Motivational Mechanisms Underlying Second Language Achievement: A Regulatory Focus Perspective	49
To What Extent Does the Involvement Load Hypothesis Predict Incidental L2 Vocabulary Learning? A Meta‐Analysis	29
(Generalized Linear) Mixed‐Effects Modeling: A Learner Corpus Example	29
Methodological Synthesis of Cluster Analysis in Second Language Research	28
Calculating the Relative Importance of Multiple Regression Predictor Variables Using Dominance Analysis and Random Forests	27
The Effects of Spaced Practice on Second Language Learning: A Meta‐Analysis	26
Crosslinguistic Sharing of Morphological Awareness in Biliteracy Development: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Correlation Coefficients	25
Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied Linguistics	24
Proficiency Reporting Practices in Research on Second Language Acquisition: Have We Made any Progress?	24
Study and Scale Quality in Second Language Survey Research, 2009–2019: The Case of Anxiety and Motivation	23
The Effect of Speaker Proficiency on Intelligibility, Comprehensibility, and Accentedness in L2 Spanish: A Conceptual Replication and Extension of Munro and Derwing (1995a)	21
Optimizing Fluency Training for Speaking Skills Transfer: Comparing the Effects of Blocked and Interleaved Task Repetition	21
Collocational Processing in L1 and L2: The Effects of Word Frequency, Collocational Frequency, and Association	20
The Role of Crosslinguistic Influence in Multilingual Processing: Lexicon Versus Syntax	18
The Neuroscience of Implicit Learning	18
The Longitudinal Development of Fine‐Phonetic Detail: Stop Production in a Domestic Immersion Program	17
The Long‐Term Proficiency of Early, Middle, and Late Starters Learning English as a Foreign Language at School: A Narrative Review and Empirical Study	17
The Nuclear Word Family List: A List of the Most Frequent Family Members, Including Base and Affixed Words	16
Longitudinal Evidence for Simultaneous Bilingual Language Development With Shifting Language Dominance, and How to Explain It	16
Learning Novel Word Meanings: An ERP Study on Lexical Consolidation in Monolingual, Inexperienced Foreign Language Learners	16
Fluency in Dialogue: Turn‐Taking Behavior Shapes Perceived Fluency in Native and Nonnative Speech	16
Relationships Between Phonological Awareness and Reading in Spanish: A Meta‐Analysis	15
The Extraordinary Ordinary: Re‐engineering Multilingualism as a Natural Category	15
A Case for Multisite Second Language Acquisition Research: Challenges, Risks, and Rewards	15

Revisiting Perception–Production Relationships: Exploring a New Approach to Investigate Perception as a Time‐Varying Predictor	14
Foreignness or Processing Fluency? On Understanding the Negative Bias Toward Foreign‐Accented Speakers	14
The Effect of Pre‐reading Instruction on Vocabulary Learning: An Investigation of L1 and L2 Readers’ Eye Movements	14
Learning Vocabulary Through Listening: The Role of Vocabulary Knowledge and Listening Proficiency	13
Distinctions in the Acquisition of Vocabulary and Grammar: An Individual Differences Approach	13
Domain‐General Auditory Processing Partially Explains Second Language Speech Learning in Classroom Settings: A Review and Generalization Study	13
Learning and Processing Multiple Languages: The More the Easier?	13
Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition: The Effects of Semantic Relatedness, Form Similarity, and Translation Direction	12
The Role of Case Marking and Word Order in Cross‐Linguistic Structural Priming in Late L2 Acquisition	12
Incidental Vocabulary Learning From Bilingual Subtitled Viewing: An Eye‐Tracking Study	11
Danish as a Window Onto Language Processing and Learning	11
The Relationship Between First and Second Language Writing: Investigating the Effects of First Language Complexity on Second Language Complexity in Advanced Stages of Learning	11
Conducting a Netnography in Second Language Acquisition Research	11
Text Readability and Processing Effort in Second Language Reading: A Computational and Eye‐Tracking Investigation	10
The What and When of Universal Perception: A Review of Early Speech Sound Acquisition	10
Brain Plasticity in Adulthood—ERP Evidence for L1‐attrition in Lexicon and Morphosyntax After Predominant L2 Use	10
Conducting Linguistic Experiments Online With OpenSesame and OSWeb	9
Using Utterance Recall to Assess Second Language Proficiency	9
(Ir)regular Mood Swings: Lexical Variability in Heritage Speakers’ Oral Production of Subjunctive Mood	9
From Play to Language: Infants’ Actions on Objects Cascade to Word Learning	9
Bilingual and Multilingual Mental Lexicon: A Modeling Study With Linear Discriminative Learning	9
Context and Generalizability in Multisite L2 Classroom Research: The Impact of Deductive Versus Guided Inductive Instruction	9
Measuring Foreign Language Students’ Self‐Determination: A Rasch Validation Study	8
The Role of Linguistic Alignment on Question Development in Face‐to‐Face and Synchronous Computer‐Mediated Communication Contexts: A Conceptual Replication Study	8
Novel Word Learning Among Bilinguals Can Be Better Through the (Dominant) First Language Than Through the Second Language	8
Controlled and Automatic Processing in the Acceptability Judgment Task: An Eye‐Tracking Study	8
Effects of Availability, Contingency, and Formulaicity on the Accuracy of English Grammatical Morphemes in Second Language Writing	7
Listening to Songs and Singing Benefitted Initial Stages of Second Language Pronunciation but Not Recall of Word Meaning	7
Incidental Learning of Collocations in an Academic Lecture Through Different Input Modes	7
A Generative Approach to the Instructed Second Language Acquisition of Spanish se	7
Background Characteristics and Oral Proficiency Development Over Time in Lower‐Division College Foreign Language Programs	7
Effects of Orthographic Forms on Second Language Speech Production and Phonological Awareness, With Consideration of Speaker‐Level Predictors	6
Distributional Learning of Speech Sounds: An Exploratory Study Into the Effects of Prior Language Experience	6
The Efficacy of Gesture on Second Language Pronunciation: An Exploratory Study of Handclapping as a Classroom Instructional Tool	6
Incidental and Multimodal High Variability Phonetic Training: Potential, Limits, and Future Directions	6
Examining Deductive Versus Guided Instruction From an Interactionist Perspective	6
Whole‐Class Co‐Construction in a High School Spanish Classroom: A Conversation Analytic Perspective	6
(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?	6
Syntactic Prediction Adaptation Accounts for Language Processing and Language Learning	6
A Sociocultural Perspective: Seeking Evidence of Development in a PACE Approach to Grammar Instruction	6
Self‐Assessment of Comprehensibility and Accentedness in Second Language Korean	5
Second Language Learning via Syntactic Priming: Investigating the Role of Modality, Attention, and Motivation	5
Cognitive Predictors of Child Second Language Comprehension and Syntactic Learning	5
To What Extent Do Learner‐ and Word‐Related Variables Affect Production of Derivatives?	5
Does Nonlinguistic Segmentation Predict Literacy in Second Language Education? Statistical Learning in Ivorian Primary Schools	5
Monitoring of Reading Comprehension Across the First, Second, and Third Language: Domain‐General or Language‐Specific?	5
Investigating Effects of Bilingualism on Syntactic Processing: Testing Structural Sensitivity Theory	5
Exploring “Intersubjectivity Negotiation Episodes” and “Language Related Episodes” in Second‐Language Peer Interaction	5
Spacing Effects in Task Repetition Research	5
Teachers’ Verbal Lexical Explanation for Second Language Vocabulary Learning: A Meta‐Analysis	5

English Language Learners’ Comprehension of Logical Relationships in Expository Texts: Evidence for the Confluence of General Vocabulary and Text‐Connecting Functions	5
The Effect of Age of Onset of Bilingualism on Gender Agreement Processing in Spanish as a Heritage Language	4
Introduction: Investigating Explicit L2 Grammar Instruction Through Multiple Theoretical and Methodological Lenses	4
The Role of Conflicting Representations and Uncertainty in Internal Error Detection During L2 Learning	4
Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research and Education	4
Examining Second Language Listening and Metacognitive Awareness: A Meta‐Analytic Structural Equation Modeling Approach	4
The Lang‐Track‐App: Open‐Source Tools for Implementing the Experience Sampling Method in Second Language Acquisition Research	4
Implicit Statistical Learning in Naturalistic and Instructed Morphosyntactic Attainment: An Aptitude‐Treatment Interaction Design	4
Desirable Difficulties in Language Learning? How Talker Variability Impacts Artificial Grammar Learning	4
Syntax Matters: Exploring the Effect of Linguistic Similarity in Third Language Acquisition	4
Critical Period Claim Revisited: Reanalysis of Hartshorne, Tenenbaum, and Pinker (2018) Suggests Steady Decline and Learner‐Type Differences	4
Investigating First and Second Language Speaker Intuitions of Phrasal Frequency and Association Strength of Multiword Sequences	3
Novel Word Learning With Verbal Definitions and Images: Tracking Consolidation With Behavioral and Event‐Related Potential Measures	3
“Are There Any Mexicans Listening?” Stancetaking and Language Ideologies in a Spanish L2 Classroom	3
Do Kindergarteners Develop Awareness of the Statistical Regularities They Acquire?	3
Boosting Bilingual Metalinguistic Awareness Under Dual Language Activation: Some Implications for Bilingual Education	3
Cognitive–Linguistic Skills Explain Chinese Reading Comprehension Within and Beyond the Simple View of Reading in Hong Kong Kindergarteners	3
Error‐Correction Mechanisms in Language Learning: Modeling Individuals	3
Individual Variations in the Mastery of Discourse Connectives from Teenage Years to Adulthood	3
Longitudinal Predictors of Listening Comprehension in Bilingual Primary School‐Aged Children	3
Assessing Verb‐Construction Integration in Young Learners of English as a Foreign Language: Analyses of Written and Spoken Production	3
Learning, Inside and Out: Prior Linguistic Knowledge and Learning Environment Impact Word Learning in Bilingual Individuals	3
Lexical Recognition in Deaf Children Learning American Sign Language: Activation of Semantic and Phonological Features of Signs	3
First Language Literacy and Second Language Oracy: A Partial Replication of Foster and Skehan (1996)	3
Figurativeness Matters in the Second Language Processing of Collocations: Evidence From a Self‐Paced Reading Experiment	3
Costs and Benefits of Spacing for Second Language Vocabulary Learning: Does Relearning Override the Positive and Negative Effects of Spacing?	3
Behavioral and Neural Responses to Tone Errors in Foreign‐Accented Mandarin	3
Investigating Orthographic Versus Auditory Cross‐Situational Word Learning With Online and Laboratory‐Based Testing	3
Unknown Vocabulary Density and Reading Comprehension: Replicating Hu and Nation (2000)	2
Generalizing Knowledge of Second Language Collocations: The Roles of Within‐ and Cross‐Language Similarity on Acceptability and Event‐Related Potentials	2
Lexically Independent Structural Priming in Second Language Online Sentence Comprehension	2
Crowdsourced Adaptive Comparative Judgment: A Community‐Based Solution for Proficiency Rating	2
Complexity in Multilingualism (Research)	2
Second Language Chinese Computer‐Based Writing by Learners With Alphabetic First Languages: Writing Behaviors, Second Language Proficiency, Genre, and Text Quality	2
Academic Language as Linguistic Capital – A Window to Social Justice: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research a	2
L2 Learners’ Signed Language Processing Relates, in Part, to Perspective‐Taking Skills	2
The Strength of Cross‐Language Interdependence for Listening Comprehension Proficiency in Turkish–Dutch Emergent Bilinguals: Testing Three Hypotheses	2
The Role of Modality in L2 Learning: The Importance of Learners Acquiring a Second Sign Language (M2L2 and M1L2 Learners)	2
Possessive Processing in Bilingual Comprehension	2
Rejecting Competence – Essentialist Constructs Reproduce Ableism and White Supremacy in Linguistic Theory: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of	2
Introduction: What's Special About Multilingualism?	2
Toward Computational Models of Multilingual Sentence Processing	2
Frequency of Exposure Influences Accentedness and Comprehensibility in Learners’ Pronunciation of Second Language Words	2
Voices of Three Junior Scholars: A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	2
Process and Product in ISLA Research: Courage, Commitment, and Tolerance for Ambiguity	2
Spot It and Learn It! Word Learning in Virtual Peer‐Group Interactions Using a Novel Paradigm for School‐Aged Children	2
Zoltán Dörnyei (1960–2022)	2
Metacognition in Second Language Speech Perception and Production	2
Close Encounters of the Word Kind: Attested Distributional Information Boosts Statistical Learning	2
An Introduction to the Cognitive Neuroscience of Second and Artificial Language Learning	2
Word‐Combination‐Based Measures of Phraseological Diversity, Sophistication, and Complexity and Their Relationship to Second Language Chinese Proficiency and Writing Quality	2
MOSAIC+: A Crosslinguistic Model of Verb‐Marking Errors in Typically Developing Children and Children With Developmental Language Disorder	2
Similar Conceptual Mapping of Novel Objects in Mixed‐ and Single‐Language Contexts in Fluent Basque‐Spanish Bilinguals	2
Which Aspects of Visual Motivation Aid the Implicit Learning of Signs at First Exposure?	2
Heading South, Unmuting Multilingualisms: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research and Education”	2
Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Models and Future Directions	2
Phonetic and Lexical Crosslinguistic Influence in Early Spanish–Basque–English Trilinguals	1
School‐Relevant Language As a Meaning‐Making Activity – A CLIL Perspective: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Rese	1
The Acquisition of Strategies to Express Plurality in Hearing Second Language Learners of Sign Language of the Netherlands	1
Phraseological Use and Development During a Stay Abroad: Exploring Sensitivity to Frequency and Cue Contingency	1
Exploring New Insights Into Explicit and Implicit Second Language Processing: Event‐Related Potentials Analyzed by Source Attribution	1
Effects of Form‐Focused Practice and Feedback: A Multisite Replication Study of Yang and Lyster (2010)	1
Repetition and Incidental Learning of Multiword Units: A Conceptual Multisite Replication Study of Webb, Newton, and Chang (2013)	1
The Influence of Prior Linguistic Knowledge on Second Language Semantic Implicit Learning: Evidence from Cantonese–English Bilinguals	1
The Importance of Dialogue for Justice and Learning: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research and Education”	1
To Bilingualism and Beyond! Modeling Bilingualism Requires Looking Beyond Language: A Commentary on “Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Models and Future Directions”	1
Learning Without Awareness by Academic and Nonacademic Samples: An Individual Differences Study	1
Open Research Practices and Cultural Change: A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	1
The Role of Explicit Memory Across Second Language Syntactic Development: A Structural Priming Study	1
Even in a Relatively New Field We Can Learn From the Past to Build a More Robust Future: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past	1
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Neural Basis of Second Language Speech Learning – Past and Future: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook”	1
Rethinking First Language–Second Language Similarities and Differences in English Proficiency: Insights From the ENglish Reading Online (ENRO) Project	1
Moving Second Language Processing Beyond an Isolationist View: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook”	1
Merging the Neuroscience of Second Language Processing With Variability in Social Variables: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the P	1
Implicit Learning in Production: Productive Generalization of New Form–Meaning Connections in the Absence of Awareness	1
In Search of Variables Explaining Individual Differences in Second Language Learning and Processing: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains Fr	1
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Medieval English Multilingualisms	1
Let's Talk Explicitly About Race – A Loving Push Forward: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research and Education	1

On Linguicism, Epistemic Injustice, and Research in Language‐in‐Education: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Resea	1
The Unbearable Whiteness of Communicative Competence Research: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied Linguistics”	1
Critical and Dialogic Perspectives on Why Ecologies Matter: A Commentary on “Midadolescents’ Language Learning at School: Toward More Just and Scientifically Rigorous Practices in Research and Educati	1
The Postprint Pledge – Toward a Culture of Researcher‐Driven Initiatives: A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	1
Undoing Competence – A Challenge From the South: A Commentary on “Undoing Competence: Coloniality, Homogeneity, and the Overrepresentation of Whiteness in Applied Linguistics”	1
Effects of Word Definitions on Meaning Recall: A Multisite Intervention in Language‐Diverse Second Language English Classrooms	1
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The Evolution of Science in Second Language Acquisition Research: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook”	1
Self‐Repair in Hearing L2 Learners’ Spontaneous Signing: A Developmental Study	1
Student Outcomes, Perspectives, and Experiences in Traditional and Flipped L2 American Sign Language Classrooms: A Partial Replication Study	1
Cognitive and Sociopsychological Individual Differences, Experience, and Naturalistic Second Language Speech Learning: A Longitudinal Study	1
Whither Bilinguals, Natives, and Variability? A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From the Past and Future Outlook”	1
Not All Indexical Cues Are Equal: Differential Sensitivity to Dimensions of Indexical Meaning in an Artificial Language	1
Orthographic Priming in Second‐Language Visual Word Recognition	1
A Growth Mindset for Understanding How Second Language Learning and Processing Shape the Brain: A Commentary on “The Neurocognitive Underpinnings of Second Language Processing: Knowledge Gains From th	1
Plurality Is a Good Start, but It's Time for Unification: A Commentary on “Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Models and Future Directions”	1
Benefits of Testing and Production for Learning Turkish As a New Language	1
Overcoming Challenges to Open Research Practices – A Perspective From the Global South: A Commentary on “(Why) Are Open Research Practices the Future for the Study of Language Learning?”	1
Announcements and Grant Programs	1
Inventing and Reinventing the Cog: A Commentary on “Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Models and Future Directions”	1
Using Parent Report to Measure Vocabulary in Young Bilingual Children: A Scoping Review	1
Modeling Bilingualism as a Dynamic Phenomenon in Healthy and Neurologically Affected Speakers Across the Lifespan: A Commentary on “Computational Modeling of Bilingual Language Learning: Current Model	1