Journal of Surgical Oncology

Article	Citations
Issue Information ‐ TOC	112
Fifty years of bone tumors	84
Prediction of symptomatic anastomotic leak after rectal cancer surgery	47
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Improved survival with immunotherapy for microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases	31
Traditional risk scores do not properly predict perioperative morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resection	31
Treatment Modalities and Risks of Complication for Patients With Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma Aged 75 and Older	29
Current monitoring and treatment for anal intraepithelial neoplasms	26
Comparison of survival for metastatic pancreatic cancer patients treated with CPI‐613 versus resected borderline‐resectable pancreatic cancer patients	26
Lymph node metastases in young patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A nationwide analysis	26
Impact of Minimally Invasive Surgery on Early and Late Outcomes of Patients With Gastric Cancer Treated Using Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy	25
Time to treatment and hospital visits for patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer in a single payer system	24
Metastatic Melanoma to the Small Bowel and Colon: A Systematic Review of the Global Experience and Institutional Cohort Analysis Detailing a Rare Clinical Entity	23
Implementation of a perioperative‐enhanced recovery protocol in patients undergoing open gastrectomy for gastric cancer	23
Variation in hospital utilization of palliative interventions for patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer near end of life	22
Collagen Density Is Associated With Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Patients	20
Comment: “The role of neurotization in autologous breast reconstruction: Can reconstruction restore breast sensation?”	20
Closure of pelvic peritoneum with bladder peritoneum flap reconstruction after laparoscopic extralevator abdominoperineal excision: A prospective stage II study	19
JSO seminar series: Global inequities in access to cancer care and strategies to address them	19
Development and Validation of a Predictive Score for Preoperative Detection of Lymphovascular Invasion in Rectal Cancer	19
Household Exposure to Substance Abuse and the Risk of New Persistent Opioid Use After Cancer Surgery	18
Effect of race/ethnicity on survival in surgically treated intermediate/high risk non‐metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma	18
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Extent of macroscopic vascular invasion predicts distant metastasis in primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava	18

Emerging innovations and advancements in the treatment of extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcomas	17
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Visceral fat area and subcutaneous fat area as measures of body composition in soft tissue sarcoma	17
Cancer risk‐reducing surgery: Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology Guideline Part 2 (Gastrointestinal and thyroid)	16
A prognostic nomogram based on a new classification of combined micropapillary and solid components for stage IA invasive lung adenocarcinoma	16
Conventional regression analysis and machine learning in prediction of anastomotic leakage and pulmonary complications after esophagogastric cancer surgery	16
Three‐dimensional technologies in chest wall resection and reconstruction	16
A novel mini‐retractor for retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy	16
Registry‐based randomized clinical trials in surgery: Working with ACS‐NSQIP and the AHPBA to conduct pragmatic trials	16
Association between social determinants of health and delayed postoperative adjuvant therapy among patients undergoing resection of pancreatic cancer	16
Understanding the association between clinical staging accuracy, treatment response, and survival among gastric cancer patients through Bayesian analysis	15
Factors influencing prophylactic surgical intervention in women with genetic predisposition for breast cancer	15
Risk factors for 30‐day soft tissue complications after pelvic sarcoma surgery: A National Surgical Quality Improvement Program study	15
Preoperative chemotherapy response and survival in patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases	15
Therapeutic strategies: Surgery for human papillomavirus‐associated oropharyngeal carcinoma	15
Is the association of electrochemotherapy and bone fixation rational in patients with bone metastasis?	15
Adoption of cytoreductive surgery in the management of peritoneal malignancies—Global trends	15
Issue Information ‐ Ed Board	14
Issue Information ‐ Ed Board	14
Can low‐grade chondrosarcoma in flat bones be treated with intralesional curettage and cryotherapy?	14
The Impact of Early Follow‐Up on Readmission After Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery: Correspondence	14
Issue Information ‐ TOC	14
How much time is enough? Sentinel lymph node mapping time depends on the radiotracer agent	14
Age as a modifier of the effects of sarcopenia on survival among colon cancer patients after surgery	14
Big data and RCT's in surgical oncology: Impact on improving hepatopancreatobiliary cancer surgical care on the global stage	14
Issue Information ‐ Ed Board	14
Issue Information ‐ TOC	14
The Role of Pulmonary Metastasectomy for Non‐Primary Lung Cancer: Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses	14
Drug sensitivity tumor cell clusters in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma	13
Preoperative platelet count as an independent predictor of long‐term outcomes among patients undergoing resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma	13
Repeat sentinel lymph node surgery for locally recurrent breast cancer after prior mastectomy	13
Defining socioeconomic disadvantage: Geography and context matter	13
Comment on: “The platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio is a complementary prognostic factor to tumor markers in predicting early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy”	13
Reply letter to the editor: Aerobic fitness and muscle density play a vital role in postoperative complications in colorectal cancer surgery	13
Caregivers: An essential pillar of cancer survivorship	13
Five‐year survival of resectable stage IIIA non‐small cell lung cancer in Brazil	13
Prognostic nutritional score based on pretreatment lymphocyte, platelet, and prealbumin predicts prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer	13
Population‐level utilisation of neoadjuvant radiotherapy for the treatment of rectal cancer	13
Acupuncture treatment for liver cancer pain: A meta‐analysis	12
Optimal management of patients with operable pancreatic head cancer: A Markov decision analysis	12
Comparing carbon nanoparticles and indocyanine green for sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer: A randomized‐controlled single‐center trial	12
Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis as a Treatment for Neurogenic Bladder in Patients With Lower Extremity Lymphedema After Gynecologic Cancer Treatment	12
Disparities in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Among Hispanic Population Living in Latin America Versus the United States	12
Using a machine learning algorithm to predict outcome of primary cytoreductive surgery in advanced ovarian cancer	12
Effects of da Vinci robot versus thoracoscopic surgery on body trauma and lymphocyte subsets in lung cancer patients: A propensity score matching study	12
Prognostic value of the combination of primary tumor location and RAS mutational status on patients with colorectal liver metastasis undergoing hepatectomy	12
Issue Information ‐ Ed Board	12
Issue Information ‐ TOC	12
Issue Information	12
Postsplenectomy morbidity and mortality in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura: A national cohort study	12

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved disease‐free survival in pancreatic cancer patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy with vascular resection	12
Seminar issue on human papillomavirus‐related head and neck cancer	12
Outcomes of robotic‐assisted versus open radical cystectomy in a large‐scale, contemporary cohort of bladder cancer patients	12
Commentary on Tumor deposits are associated with a higher risk of peritoneal disease in non‐metastatic colorectal cancer patients	12
Comment On: “Preoperative Platelet Count as an Independent Predictor of Long‐Term Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Resection for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma”	12
Differences in receipt of multimodality therapy by race, insurance status, and socioeconomic disadvantage in patients with resected pancreatic cancer	12
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Two‐ versus three‐field lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of early and late results	11
Breast Surgical Oncology Fellowship applicant selection and ranking: A survey of Society of Surgical Oncology programs	11
Durability of intercalary endoprosthesis for humeral reconstruction	11
Surgical management of 144 diffuse‐type TGCT patients in a single institution: A 20‐year cohort study	11
Travel distance is associated with stage at presentation and laryngectomy rates among patients with laryngeal cancer	11
Long‐term surveillance of branch‐duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms without worrisome or high‐risk features	11
Comment on “Staged laparoscopic management of locally advanced gastric cancer with outlet obstruction”	11
Impact of surgical site infection on unplanned hospital readmissions, initiation of adjuvant treatment following surgery, and disease‐free survival on patients with upper aerodigestive tract squamous	11
Epidemiology and incidence of HPV‐related cancers of the head and neck	11
Optimal timing of re‐excision in synovial sarcoma patients: Immediate intervention versus waiting for local recurrence	11
Correction to “socioeconomic disparities in musculoskeletal oncology, J surg oncol. 2023 Sep;128(3):425‐429. doi: 10.1002/jso.27361”	11
A review of nasopharyngeal swab and saliva tests for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Disease timelines, relative sensitivities, and test optimization	11
Pain management in cancer surgery: Global inequities and strategies to address them	11
Development and Validation of a Predictive Risk Score for Blood Transfusion in Patients Undergoing Curative‐Intent Surgery for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma	11
Prognostic roles of leptin‐signaling proteins, PD‐L1, and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in surgically‐resected biliary tract cancers	11
Patient reported outcomes: Financial toxicity is a barrier to clinical trials and personalized therapy in cholangiocarcinoma	11
Extended distal femur resection: Megaprosthesis with telescopic bone allograft augmentation versus total femur prosthesis	11
Issue Information ‐ Ed Board	11
Association between the environmental quality index and textbook outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC)	11
What's new in surgical oncology breast	10
Surgery or active surveillance for pNETs < 2 cm: Preliminary results from a single center Brazilian cohort	10
Subcostal lymph nodes: An unusual sentinel lymph node basin in cutaneous melanoma	10
Colorectal cancer	10
Identification of risk factors for postoperative persistent hypertension in patients with pheochromocytoma	10
Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology surgical standards for resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases	10
The anticancer effect of statins in obese esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy	10
Overall survival in abdominal wall sarcoma treated with curative intent surgery: A retrospective study from two European referral centres	10
Issue Information ‐ Ed Board	10
Textbook outcome for evaluating the surgical quality of gastrectomy	10
Intraoperative blood transfusion does not impact overall and recurrence‐free survival after curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity‐score‐matched and inverse probability of tre	10
An update on the global trends in the burden of primary liver cancers	9
Emerging Treatment Modalities for Gastric Cancer With Macroscopic Peritoneal Metastases: A Systematic Review	9
Surgical telementoring: Feasibility, applicability, and how to	9
Letter to the Editor: Reporting of Core Outcomes in Gastric Cancer Surgical Trials Over the Past 25 Years (Systematic Review)	9
Education of the cancer surgical workforce: Gaps, priorities, and strategies	9
Evaluating the Association of Area Deprivation Index (ADI) on Postoperative Outcomes in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma	9
Safety and Efficacy of Salvage Surgery after Treatment With Immune‐Checkpoint Adjuvant Inhibitors for Advanced Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicentric Study	9
Trends in the Care of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer in the Modern Era of Chemotherapy	9
Prognostic role of SOX2 and STAT3 expression on circulating T lymphocytes and CD44+/CD24neg cells in the locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer	9
Issue Information	9
Disparities in Health Outcomes in Surgical Oncology	9
Clinical outcomes in patients with adamantinoma: Report from the bone and soft tissue tumor registry in Japan	9
Low anterior resection syndrome	9
Patient‐reported outcomes in human papillomavirus‐related oropharyngeal cancer	9
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, Treatment Decisions, and Outcomes in Older Patients Eligible for Pancreatic Surgery	9
Issue Information	9
Collateralization of the upper extremity lymphatic system after axillary lymph node dissection	9
Sporadic deficient mismatch repair in colorectal cancer increases the risk for non‐colorectal malignancy: A European multicenter cohort study	9
Reconstruction of oncologic upper extremity defects with fibula free flaps has high union rates and excellent functional outcomes	9
Barriers to resection following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A national and local perspective	9
Reply: Comparing analgesic efficacy of peripheral nerve blocks with thoracic epidural block after major abdominal cancer surgery: Study design is important	9
Postoperative Complications of Intramedullary Nailing for Impending and Pathologic Fractures of the Humerus Due to Bone Metastases—A Systematic Review of the Literature	9
Patient‐ and system‐level factors associated with racial/ethnic disparities in the delivery of guideline‐concordant therapy among US patients with gastric cancer	9
Clinical course of atypical parathyroid neoplasm with soft tissue extension	9
Socio‐demographic index and socioeconomic classes for understanding the divisible differences in receiving multimodal therapy in patients with pancreatic cancers	9
Temporal changes in cause‐specific death in men with localised prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy: a population‐based, nationwide study	9
Issue Information ‐ TOC	9
The prognostic significance of surgical resection margins for local recurrence, distant metastasis, and overall survival in sarcoma	9
Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Malignancy: Trends Over 15 Years in Major Morbidity, Mortality, and Patient Selection From The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program	8
Updates in global oncology: Advancements and future directions	8
Assessing breast cancer‐related lymphedema screening and treatment gaps in a safety‐net hospital	8
Five decades of progress in surgical oncology: Breast	8
PSOGI‐Venice‐2023, history in the making	8
Socioeconomic disparities in musculoskeletal oncology	8
Impact of postoperative complications on long‐term survival after esophagectomy in older adults: A SEER‐Medicare analysis	8
Current considerations for radiotherapy in HPV‐associated head and neck cancer	8
The role of natural killer cell activity as a milestone in oncologic outcome after curative resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma	8
Survival benefit of a combined surgical approach in patients with metastatic breast cancer	8
Comment on: “Impact of Preoperative Counseling and Education on Decreasing Anxiety in Patients With Gynecologic Tumors: A Randomized Clinical Trial”	8
Neoadjuvant therapy for melanoma: A critical appraisal	8
Association between enrollment in an enhanced recovery program for colorectal cancer surgery and long‐term recurrence and survival	8
Age‐related next‐generation sequencing mutational analysis in 1196 melanomas	8
Mood, Anxiety, and Cognitive Alterations in Cancer Patients	8

Nipple‐sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction with a deep inferior epigastric perforator flap without skin paddle using delayed primary retention suture	8
Delayed esophagectomy for adenocarcinoma is associated with a negative impact on long‐term survival and an increased risk of perioperative morbidity	8
The presentation of Hispanic gastric cancer patients varies by location of patient ancestry	8
Adjuvant chemotherapy versus preoperative chemotherapy for gastric cancer treated with curative‐intent resection: A propensity score‐matched analysis	8
The impact of the California state lockdown during the COVID‐19 pandemic on management of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	8
FDG‐PET for preoperative evaluation of tumor invasion in ampullary cancer: A retrospective analysis	8
Anatomic study of the profunda artery perforators by multidetector CT scanner and clinical use of the banana‐shaped flap design for breast reconstruction	8
Risk factors associated with 30‐day complications following lower extremity sarcoma surgery: A national surgical quality improvement project analysis	8
Treatment delay and treatment pattern modifications among epithelial ovarian cancer patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A retrospective cohort study	8
Evaluating the caregiver experience during neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	7
Comment on: “Liver Resection Is Superior to Tumor Ablation in Patients With Multifocal Hepatocellular Carcinoma”	7
Pancreas cancer trials for early stage disease: Surgeons leading therapeutic cooperative group trials	7
Quality of life following lobectomy versus total thyroidectomy is significantly related to hypothyroidism	7
Late Survival and Long‐Term Follow‐Up After Radical Resection of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma With Associated Venous Tumor Thrombus	7
The role of surveillance and salvage esophagectomy in previously treated esophageal cancer	7
Disparities in Breast Cancer Treatment and Reconstruction Among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Women: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis	7
Current and future imaging modalities in gastric cancer	7
The New Era of Total Neoadjuvant FLOT Therapy for Locally Advanced, Resectable Gastric Cancer: A Propensity‐Matched Comparison With Standard Perioperative Therapy	7
Issue Information ‐ Ed Board	7
A national database analysis of the evolution of outcomes of surgery for anal melanoma	7
Does synovial sarcoma grade predict oncologic outcomes, and does a low‐grade variant exist?	7
Optimizing postoperative outcomes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy with immediate reconstruction: A national analysis	7
Are predictive factors for locoregional recurrence in skin‐sparing and nipple‐sparing mastectomies time‐dependent?	7
Robotic versus open Ivor–Lewis esophagectomy: A more accurate lymph node dissection without burdening the leak rate	7
Association of Preoperative Physical Fitness With Post‐Esophagectomy Pneumonia in Older With Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: An Exploratory Prospective Study	7
Feasibility of perioperative remote monitoring of patient‐generated health data in complex surgical oncology	7
A multi‐institutional validation study of prognostic nomograms for retroperitoneal sarcoma	7
Response to a letter to the editor regarding inferior vena cava ligation	7
Determining the optimal radiation‐surgery interval (RSI) for oncologic proctectomy following radiotherapy for rectal adenocarcinoma	7
Prophylactic mastectomy and occult malignancy: Surgical and imaging considerations	7
A survey of surgical management of the sentinel node positive melanoma patient in the post‐MSLT2 era	7
Comment on: “Acupuncture Treatment for Liver Cancer Pain: A Meta‐Analysis”	7
Histological tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy correlates to Immunoscore in colorectal cancer liver metastases patients	7
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Degree of biliary tract violation during treatment of gallbladder adenocarcinoma is independently associated with development of peritoneal carcinomatosis	7
Lymph node metrics following neoadjuvant therapy to refine patient selection for adjuvant chemotherapy in resected pancreatic cancer: A multi‐institutional analysis	7
Global trends in the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer based on geographic location, socioeconomic status, and demographic shift	7
Impact of early primary care physician follow‐up on hospital readmission following gastrointestinal cancer surgery	7
Albumin‐bilirubin score is superior to platelet‐albumin‐bilirubin score and model for end‐state liver disease sodium for predicting posthepatectomy liver failure	7
Cannabis use disorder and perioperative outcomes following complex cancer surgery	7
2023 Radiation oncology highlights	7
Patient and procedure characteristics associated with postoperative pain after prophylactic versus therapeutic ambulatory bilateral breast surgery	7
Implications of leukocytosis following distal pancreatectomy splenectomy (DPS) and association with postoperative complications	7
Long‐term overall survival in patients undergoing liver resection for metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma	7
Associations of gender, race, and ethnicity with disparities in short‐term adverse outcomes after pancreatic resection for cancer	7
Influence of insurance status on the postoperative outcomes of cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC	7
Issue Information ‐ Ed Board	7
Effects of time to treatment initiation on outcomes for soft tissue sarcomas	7
FLOT x8 for Gastric Cancer: Progress or Premature Optimism?	7
Regional control after precision lymph node dissection for clinically evident melanoma metastasis	7
Hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy (HIOC) for Stage IVa thymic malignancy may improve 5‐year disease‐free survival	6
Comment on “Association of Preoperative Physical Fitness With Post‐Esophagectomy Pneumonia in Older Patients With Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: An Exploratory Prospective Study”	6
Quality assurance and quality control in surgical oncology	6
Treatment and survival of patients with malignant ovarian sex cord‐stromal cell tumours: An analysis of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO) study group CORSETT database	6
Treatment and survival of patients with metachronous colorectal lung metastases	6
Near‐infrared (NIR) imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) may assist in intraoperative decision making and improving surgical margin in bone and soft tissue tumor surgery	6
Leaving half the acetabulum in pelvic resections improves hip function. Is there a need to revisit conventional pelvic resections?	6
Peritoneal cytology as an indicator of peritoneal metastases in colorectal cancer	6
Conditional Survival of Patients With Early‐Stage Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Undergo Lobectomy, Segmentectomy, or Wedge Resection Using the NCDB	6
Points to consider regarding prophylactic total gastrectomy in germline CDH1 variant carriers	6
Pretreatment colostomy in patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma: Risk factors for a permanent stoma	6
Fluorescence guidance improves the accuracy of radiological imaging‐guided surgical navigation	6
Breast cancer survivorship: A viewpoint	6
Can we let our patients sleep in the hospital? A randomized controlled trial of a pragmatic sleep protocol in surgical oncology patients	6
Reliability of artificial intelligence chatbot responses to frequently asked questions in breast surgical oncology: Correspondence	6
Prediction model for pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma using nCounter assay	6
Visceral angiosarcoma: A nationwide analysis of treatment factors and outcomes	6
Surgical Site Infections in patients undergoing major oncological surgery during the COVID‐19 paNdemic (SCION): A propensity‐matched analysis	6
Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Rectal Cancer Resection: Insights From a Resource‐Limited Setting	6
Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology consensus on fertility‐sparing surgery for cervical cancer	6
Strategies for optimal perioperative outcomes in gastric cancer	6
What's new in thoracic oncology	6
Clinical biomarkers in soft tissue sarcoma A comprehensive review of current soft tissue sarcoma biomarkers	6
A prediction model to refine the timing of an early second‐look laparoscopic exploration in patients with colon cancer at high risk of early peritoneal metastasis recurrence	6
Surgical treatment of stage IV gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma: Experience and outcomes in the United States	6
Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of HER2 status in surgically resected colorectal liver metastases	6
Using the robotic platform in the therapy of multifocal ground glass opacities	6
Breast cancer‐related lymphedema: A comprehensive analysis of risk factors	6
Staging of human papilloma virus related cancers of the oropharynx	6
Associations of social vulnerability with truncal and extremity melanomas in the United States	6
Potential of specimen diffusion‐weighted imaging to assess the intraoperative margin for ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive breast cancer	6
Trends in Immunotherapy (IO) Use and Survival Among Patients With High‐Incidence Stage IV Cancers Across the United States	6
Tumor size and survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma treated with surgical resection or ablation	6
Reduced uptake pattern on 68Ga‐DOTATATE‐scan may indicate necrosis predicting aggressive behavior in pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGLs)	6
Patterns, Predictors, and Outcomes of Bacterial Growth and Infectious Complications after Pancreatic Resection	6
Textbook oncologic outcomes and regionalization among patients undergoing hepatic resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma	6
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the prediction of histological grade in soft tissue sarcomas	6
Response to the Letter to the Editor: Association between sarcopenia and postoperative complications in patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal or hepato–pancreatico–biliary cancer	6
Establishing the clinical relevance of grade A post‐hepatectomy liver failure	6
Deciphering excess healthcare burden in head and neck cancer patients with cardiovascular comorbidity	6
Reconsideration of indications for third hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases	6
Multimodal management of tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT) in the landscape of new druggable targets	6
Barriers to Offering Organ Preservation for Rectal Cancer in a Predominantly Hispanic Safety Net Hospital	6
Are the MIA and MSKCC nomograms useful in selecting patients with melanoma for sentinel lymph node biopsy?	6
Extended vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of large pelviperineal defects following oncologic resection	6