IRAL-International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching

Article	Citations
Frontmatter	38
Frontmatter	37
Miscommunicated referent tracking in L2 English: a case-by-case analysis	31
Internal and external appraisals of analytical writing. A proposal for assessing development and potential improvement	29
Frontmatter	29
Frontmatter	19
Phrasal complexity in EFL learners’ oral performance: The role of task type and proficiency	18
Fluency across modes: an exploratory study of L1 and L2 spoken and written fluency	18
Developing L2 learners’ metaphoric competence: a case study of figurative motion constructions	16
Motion event construal in L2 French and Italian: from acquisitional perspectives to pedagogical implications	15
Listenership always matters: active listening ability in L2 business English paired speaking tasks	14
The role of language aptitude probed within extensive instruction experience: morphosyntactic knowledge of advanced users of L2 English	14
Development and validation of Questionnaire for Self-regulated Learning Writing Strategies (QSRLWS) for EFL learners	13
A systematic review of English-as-a-foreign-language vocabulary learning activities for primary school students	13
Consolidating EFL content and vocabulary learning via interactive reading	12
Comprehension of English articles by Korean learners of L2 English and L3 Spanish	12
The development of syntactic complexity of Chinese JFL learners based on Mean Dependency Distance and Mean Hierarchical Distance	12
A latent profile analysis of Chinese EFL learners’ enjoyment and anxiety in reading and writing: associations with imaginative capacity and story continuation writing performance	12
Patterns of interaction between experiential and interpersonal meanings in student texts in Spanish: grounds for system-based applications in an academic writing context	12
The combined effects of task repetition and post-task teacher-corrected transcribing on complexity, accuracy and fluency of L2 oral performance	12
Frontmatter	11
Teacher behaviour and student engagement with L2 writing feedback: a case study	11
From Yi Language to Mandarin: translanguaging practices and identity construction between actual and ought-to L1 selves	10
Investigating optimal spacing schedules for incidental acquisition of L2 collocations	10
A cross-modal analysis of lexical sophistication: EFL and ESL learners in written and spoken production	10

Domain-general grit and domain-specific grit: conceptual structures, measurement, and associations with the achievement of German as a foreign language	10
Validation of a multiple-choice implicature test: insights from Chinese EFL learners’ cognitive processes	10
Contributions of significant others to second language teacher well-being: a self-determination theory perspective	9
Discipline-specific attitudinal differences of EMI students towards translanguaging	9
“Black children are gifted at learning languages – that’s why I could do TBLT”: inclusive Blackness as a pathway for TBLT innovation	8
Why is L2 pragmatics still a neglected area in EFL teaching? Uncovered stories from Vietnamese EFL teachers	8
Measuring and profiling Chinese secondary school English teachers’ language mindsets: an exploratory study of non-native teachers’ perceived L2 proficiency loss	8
Exploring aural vocabulary knowledge for TOEIC as a language exit requirement in higher education in Taiwan	8
Anxiety and enjoyment in oral presentations: a mixed-method study into Chinese EFL learners’ oral presentation performance	8
The association between socioeconomic status and Chinese secondary students’ English achievement: mediation of self-efficacy and moderation of gender	8
The effects of pre-task explicit instruction, input modality of task types, and working memory on L2 oral production	8
Emotion labor in teacher collaboration: towards developing emotional reflexivity	7
Exploring immediate and prolonged effects of collaborative writing on young learners’ texts: L2 versus FL	7
Determining the L2 academic writing development stage: a corpus-based research on doctoral dissertations	7
The use of interlanguage pragmatic learning strategies (IPLS) by L2 learners: the impact of age, gender, language learning experience, and L2 proficiency levels	7
L2 textbook input and L2 written production: a case of Korean locative postposition–verb construction	7
Effects of working memory and task type on syntactic complexity in EFL learners’ writing	7
The influence of task complexity and task modality on learners’ topic and turn management	7
Evaluative language in undergraduate academic writing: expressions of attitude as sources of text effectiveness in English as a Foreign Language	7
Investigating willingness to communicate in synchronous group discussion tasks: one step closer towards authentic communication	7
Toward a better understanding of student engagement with peer feedback: a longitudinal study	7
The dynamics of changes in linguistic complexity and writing scores in timed argumentative writing among beginning-level EFL learners	7
A Q methodological study into pre-service Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) teachers’ mindsets about teaching competencies	6
The impact of textual enhancement on the acquisition of third person possessive pronouns by child EFL learners	6
“I usually just rely on my intuition and go from there.” pedagogical rules and metalinguistic awareness of pre-service EFL teachers	6
The effect of linguistic choices in note-taking on academic listening performance: a pedagogical translanguaging perspective	6
Exploring the state of research on motivation in second language learning: a review and a reliability generalization meta-analysis	6
Emotion labor in response to supervisor feedback: is feedback a burden or a blessing?	6
Influencing factors of L2 writers’ engagement in an assessment as learning-focused context	6
Learner beliefs about vocabulary teaching in secondary ESL classrooms: a proficiency and grade-level analysis	6
Effects of monolingual and bilingual subtitles on L2 vocabulary acquisition	6
Funds of knowledge for synchronous online language teaching: a translanguaging view on an ESL teacher’s pedagogical practices	6
Perceived L2 oral fluency, working memory, foreign language enjoyment and foreign language anxiety: identifying distinct patterns of relationship	5
Frontmatter	5
Discrepancy in prosodic disambiguation strategies between Chinese EFL learners and native English speakers	5
Examining the impact of foreign language anxiety and language contact on oral proficiency: a study of Chinese as a second language learners	5
High school EFL teachers’ oral corrective feedback beliefs and practices, and the effects of lesson focus	5
Exploring the interplay of growth mindset, mindfulness, and L2 self-efficacy in second language achievement: a mixed-methods study	5
The impact of different glossing conditions on the learning of EFL single words and collocations in reading	5
Distance-invoked difficulty as a trigger for errors in Chinese and Japanese EFL learners’ English writings	5
Frontmatter	5
Diagnosing EFL writers’ development of discourse competence in disciplinary writing: an ecological approach	5
The acquisition of L3 French present simple and present progressive by adult L1 Chinese speakers of L2 English	5
Using sentence processing speed and automaticity to predict L2 performance in the productive and receptive tasks	5
When are performance-approach goals more adaptive for Chinese EFL learners? It depends on their underlying reasons	5
Teaching mental processes to EFL learners: a blended-learning proposal	5
Incidental collocational learning from reading-while-listening and the impact of synchronized textual enhancement	5
Scaffolding in genre-based L2 writing classes: Vietnamese EFL teachers’ beliefs and practices	5
The stone left unturned: boredom among young EFL learners	5
Factor structures of speed and breakdown fluency in EFL learners’ story retelling performances	5

Assessing self-efficacy, working memory, and proficiency in a multimedia writing environment	4
Patterns of motivational beliefs among high-, medium-, and low-achieving English learners in China	4
Lexical and grammatical collocations in beginning and intermediate L2 argumentative essays: a bigram study	4
Cognitive fatigue induced by spaced and massed practice: effects on idiom accuracy across L2 proficiency levels	4
What does the processing of chunks by learners of Chinese tell us? An acceptability judgment investigation	4
Unpacking the positioning of being “disengaged” and “disrespectful” in class through nexus analysis: an international student’s navigation of institutional and interactional university norms	4
Investigating the effects of varying Accelerative Integrated Method instruction on spoken recall accuracy: a case study with junior primary learners of French	4
Exploring the hierarchical antecedents of willingness to communicate and its relationship with utterance fluency in learning Chinese as a foreign language	4
Lexical complexity in exemplar EFL texts: towards text adaptation for 12 grades of basic English curriculum in China	4
Exploring the dynamic metaphor patterns in describing English public speaking anxiety among Chinese learners	4
Teaching L2 Spanish idioms with semantic motivation: should this be done proactively or retroactively?	4
Perception of English semivowels by Japanese-speaking learners of English	4
Incorporating peer feedback in writing instruction: examining its effects on Chinese English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) learners’ writing performance	4
Exploring relationships between L1 and L2 writing strategy use and integrated writing performance: A cross-linguistic perspective	4
An exploratory study on second language learner engagement in different types of interactive tasks in video-chat and text-chat communication	4
Young L2 learners in diverse instructional contexts	3
Exploring self-regulated learning behaviours of young second language learners during group work	3
L3 acquisition of aspect: the influence of structural similarity, analytic L2 and general L3 proficiency	3
Teacher emotions and the emotional labour of modern language (ML) teachers working in UK secondary schools	3
Students’ attitude and motivation towards concept mapping-based prewriting strategies	3
System networks as a resource in L2 writing education	3
Factors behind L2 English learners’ performance of oppositional speech acts: a look at pragmatic-related episodes (PREs) during thinking aloud	3
Are L2 listener verbal reports reactive? Insights from the learners	3
Effects of guided concept mapping on L2 learners’ listening ability and cognitive load	3
The effect of collaborative prewriting on L2 collaborative writing production and individual L2 writing development	3
Immediate and long-term improvement in lexical stress perception: the role of teacher and peer feedback	3
Scale validation and latent profile identification of GenAI competence for pre-service second language teachers	3
Defining competencies for training non-native Korean speaking teachers: a Q methodology approach	3
Emotion profiles of Chinese secondary EFL learners: link with subjective well-being, English achievement, and demographics	3
What watching subtitled movies does to the learner: the impact of subtitles and modality on cognitive load and vocabulary learning	3
Videoed storytelling in primary education EFL: exploring trainees’ digital shift	3
The influence of language contact and ethnic identification on Chinese as a second language learners’ oral proficiency	3
Machine translation as a form of feedback on L2 writing	3
Intensity of CLIL exposure and L2 motivation in primary school: evidence from Spanish EFL learners in non-CLIL, low-CLIL and high-CLIL programmes	3
Effects of textual enhancement on L2 development: a meta-analysis	3
Students’ L2 grit, foreign language anxiety and language learning achievement: a latent profile and mediation analysis	3
Exploring the pseudo-longitudinal development of specific morphosyntactic features and syntactic complexity in CLIL young learners	3
Implementing an oral task in an EFL classroom with low proficient learners: a micro-evaluation	3
Non-finite clause use in disciplinary research writing: a formulaic sequence-based functional comparison between expert and student writers	3
Effects of repeated practice on fluency and accuracy in picture description activity: implicit learning by frequency	3
The associations between working memory and the effects of multimedia input on L2 vocabulary learning	3
Enhancing young EFL learners’ written skills: the role of repeated pre-task planning	3
The cognitive construction-grammar approach to teaching the Chinese Ba construction in a foreign language classroom	3
Collaborative writing in an EFL secondary setting: the role of task complexity	3
Sub-disciplinary variation of metadiscursive verb patterns in English research articles: a functional analysis of medical discourse	2
Scaffolding instruction in an EFL drama lesson: a systemic functional analysis	2
Assessing written production in L2 Mandarin Chinese: fluency and accuracy	2
Connective Frequency Bands informed by textbook frequencies and midadolescents’ knowledge of connectives: a tool to support Spanish literacy instruction across content areas	2
Comparing motivational features between feedback givers and receivers in English speaking class	2
Beyond learning opportunities: focused encounters in a sociocognitive approach to second language acquisition and teaching	2
Effects of random selection tests on second language vocabulary learning: a comparison with cumulative tests	2
Low-level visual processing of motion events as a window into language-specific effects on perception	2
Children learning Mongolian as an additional language through the implementation of a task-based approach	2
Emotional labor of a Brazilian public school teacher: domination and resistance in a neoliberal context	2
English language teachers’ social media branding: mapping the construction and perception of brand identities on Instagram	2
Approaching motion in a second language: how bilinguals restructure motion event expressions inside and outside the classroom	2
Functional linguistics in life: an embodied approach in teacher education	2
Effectiveness of second language collocation instruction: a meta-analysis	2
Understanding salient trajectories and emerging profiles in the development of Chinese learners’ motivation: a growth mixture modeling approach	2
Expansion of verb-argument construction repertoires in L2 English writing	2
How teaching modality affects Foreign Language Enjoyment: a comparison of in-person and online English as a Foreign Language classes	2
Using automated indices of cohesion to explore the growth of cohesive features in L2 writing	2
Measuring learners’ writing development in a Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) context	2
A bibliometric analysis of the IRAL over the past six decades	2
Acquisition of collocations under different glossing modalities and the mediating role of learners’ perceptual learning style	2
Relationship between learner creativity, task planning, and speaking performance in L2 narrative tasks	2
Listener engagement: the missing link in research on accented speech	2
Speech fluency among L1 Arabic elementary and intermediate learners of English as a foreign language	2
Japanese complaint responses in textbook dialogues and ordinary conversations: learning objects to expand interactional repertoires	2
General auditory processing, Mandarin L1 prosodic and phonological awareness, and English L2 word learning	2
When concept-based language instruction meets cognitive linguistics: teaching English phrasal verbs with up and out	2
What pronunciation specialists believe CELTA tutors need to know to prepare student teachers to teach pronunciation	2
Understanding the moderating role of school achievement level between growth mindsets, engagement and achievement in students’ English learning	2
“Am I really abroad?” The informal language contact and social networks of Chinese foundation students in the UK	2
Competing factors in SLA: how the CASP model of SLA explains the acquisition of English restrictive relative clauses by native speakers of Arabic and Korean	2
The effect of form presentation mode and language learning aptitude on the learning burden and decay of L2 vocabulary knowledge	2
Scoping review of research methodologies across language studies with deaf and hard-of-hearing multilingual learners	1
Influence of topic-prominent L1s on the use of L2 English copula be: a corpus-based study	1
L2 writing development through two types of writing task repetition	1
How concept-based language instruction works in teaching thinking for speaking in an L2	1

Language pedagogies and late-life language learning proficiency	1
Examining L2 studentsʼ development of global cohesion and its relationship with their argumentative essay quality	1
Impact of methodological differences in task sequencing on second language learning: a multi-level meta-analysis	1
Integrated instruction of Appraisal Theory and rhetorical moves in literature reviews: an exploratory study	1
Spanish heritage speakers’ processing of lexical stress	1
Testing a model of EFL teachers’ work engagement: the roles of teachers’ professional identity, L2 grit, and foreign language teaching enjoyment	1
Promoting interaction and lowering speaking anxiety in an EMI course: a group dynamic assessment approach	1
Self-regulated learning and task engagement: a SEM analysis	1
Image-schema-based-instruction enhanced L2 construction learning with the optimal balance between attention to form and meaning	1
Incidental learning of collocations through reading an academic text	1
The development and initial validation of LexCombi 2: a research-oriented elicitation instrument for L2 learners’ productive collocation knowledge	1
Teaching English with Chinese characteristics: a corpus analysis of changes in university curricula	1
Second language fluency across contexts: introduction to the special issue	1
SFL as a socially accountable praxis: who and what are we working for?	1
Exploring the potential of brief peer review training in enhancing student feedback literacy	1
Frontmatter	1
Examining resilience in EFL contexts: a survey study of university students in China	1
L2 fluency across tasks: disentangling demands on conceptualisation and formulation in speech production	1
On the acquisition of tense and agreement in L2 English by adult speakers of L1 Chinese	1
The impact of guessing and retrieval strategies for learning phrasal verbs	1
Revisiting after-class boredom via exploratory structural equation modeling	1
Relationships between formal and informal input, listening motivation, and listening proficiency among young EFL learners in Hong Kong	1
Measurement of engagement in the foreign language classroom and its effect on language achievement: the case of Chinese college EFL students	1
Aural vocabulary, orthographic vocabulary, and listening comprehension	1
Exploring L2 learners’ processing of unknown words during subtitled viewing through self-reports	1
Language transfer in tense acquisition: new evidence from English learning Chinese adolescents	1
Teaching Chinese grammar through International Chinese Language Education micro-lectures: negotiating mass and presence through multimodal pedagogic discourse	1
Exploring teacher-student interaction in task and non-task sequences	1
Exploring the mediating role of boredom in the relationship between ideal L2 self and engagement in Chinese as a foreign language learning	1
Frontmatter	1
Speaking proficiency development in EFL classrooms: measuring the differential effect of TBLT and PPP teaching approaches	1
Exploring learner-related variables in child collaborative writing: interaction mindset, willingness to communicate and proficiency	1
Learning academic vocabulary through reading online news	1
Frontmatter	1
A frequency, coverage, and dispersion analysis of the academic collocation list in university student writing	1
Applying embodied meaning of spatial prepositions and the Principled Polysemy model to teaching English as a second language: the case of to and on	1
More human than human? Differences in lexis and collocation within academic essays produced by ChatGPT-3.5 and human L2 writers	1
Exploring Chinese university English writing teachers’ emotions in providing feedback on student writing	1
“They forget and forget all the time.” The complexity of teaching adult deaf emergent readers print literacy	1
Learnability of L2 collocations and L1 influence on L2 collocational representations of Japanese learners of English	1
An idiodynamic study of the interconnectedness between cognitive and affective components underlying L2 willingness to communicate	1
Immediate versus delayed prompts, field dependence and independence cognitive style and L2 development	1
The impact of text-audio synchronized enhancement on collocation learning from reading-while-listening: an extended replication of Jung and Lee (2023)	1
Exploring the professional role identities of English for academic purposes practitioners: a qualitative study	1
Assessing effects of source text complexity on L2 learners’ interpreting performance: a dependency-based approach	1
Interculturality and Islam in Indonesia’s high-school EFL classrooms	1
Frontmatter	1
Which factors predict teachers’ evaluation of the difficulty and usefulness of phrasal verbs in L2 contexts?	1