IEEE Spectrum

Article	Citations
Nvidia makes it easy to embed AI: The Jetson nano packs a lot of machine-learning power into DIY projects - [Hands on]	58
How control theory can help us control Covid-19	50
Deep Learning's Diminishing Returns: The Cost of Improvement is Becoming Unsustainable	43
Andrew Ng, AI Minimalist: The Machine-Learning Pioneer Says Small is the New Big	40
The body is the network: To safeguard sensitive data, turn flesh and tissue into a secure wireless channel	31
The Exascale Era is Upon Us: The Frontier supercomputer may be the first to reach 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 operations per second	24
COMSOL Multiphysics [Advertisement]	23
Bringing satellites back from the dead: Mission extension vehicles give defunct spacecraft a new lease on life - [News]	21
The rise of confidential computing: Big tech companies are adopting a new security model to protect data while it's in use - [News]	20
Making emotions transparent: Google Glass helps autistic kids understand facial expressions through augmented-reaiity therapy	18
Lessons From a Second Life > Before Meta, Philip Rosedale Created an Online Universe	18
The top programming languages: Our latest rankings put Python on top-again - [Careers]	17
Building an AI That Feels: AI systems with emotional intelligence could learn faster and be more helpful	17
The Ammonia Solution: Ammonia engines and fuel cells in cargo ships could slash their carbon emissions	16
7 Revealing Ways AIs Fail: Neural Networks can be Disastrously Brittle, Forgetful, and Surprisingly Bad at Math	16
The ultraviolet offense: Germicidal UV lamps destroy vicious viruses. New tech might put them many more places without harming humans	14
Powered by sweat: Throw out the batteries: Biofuels will change the future of wearable devices	12
Ohm's Law + Kirchhoff's Current Law = Better AI: Neural-Network Processing Done in Memory with Analog Circuits will Save Energy	12
Quantum Dots + OLED = Your Next TV: Formerly rival technologies will come together in new Samsung displays	12
The road ahead for self-driving cars: The AV industry has had to reset expectations, as it shifts its focus to level 4 autonomy - [News]	12
Look Out for Apple's AR Glasses: With head-up displays, cameras, inertial sensors, and lidar on board, Apple's augmented-reality glasses could redefine wearables	12
The opacity of artificial intelligence makes it hard to tell when decision-making is biased	10
The Supercharged Semiconductor: Gallium oxide could make powerful radios and switch thousands of volts	10
The Ups and Downs of Gravity Energy Storage: Startups are pioneering a radical new alternative to batteries for grid storage	10
AI takes its best shot: What AI can—and can't—do in the race for a coronavirus vaccine - [Vaccine]	10

Ultralight batteries for electric airplanes	10
Machine learning remakes radio	10
How Engineers Can Disrupt Climate Change	9
IBM's Quantum Leap: The Company Will Take Quantum Tech Past the 1,000-Qubit Mark in 2023	9
The node is nonsense	9
Chiplets are the future of processors: Three advances boost performance, cut costs, and save power	9
Top 10 tech cars: The scramble for electric dominance has begun	8
Decarbonization Algebra: The COP26 Calls for Impossibly Steep Cuts in Carbon Emissions: Numbers Don't Lie	8
The Dilemma of contact-tracing apps: Can this crucial technology be both effective and private?	8
What Happens When a Bionic Body Part Becomes Obsolete?: Blind People with Second Sight's Retinal Implants Found Out	8
The Turbulent Past and Uncertain Future of AI: Is there a way out of AI's boom-and-bust cycle?	8
Robots Conquer the Underground: What Darpa's Subterranean Challenge Means for the Future of Autonomous Robots	8
Taking Moore's Law to New Heights: When transistors can't get any smaller, the only direction is up	8
The mess behind the models: Too many of the COVID-19 models led policymakers astray. Here's how tomorrow's models will get it right	7
A Mars helicopter preps for launch: The first drone to fly on another planet will hitch a ride on NASA's Perseverance rover - [News]	7
Ways to hack a printed circuit board: PCB production is an underappreciated vulnerability in the global supply chain	6
China takes blockchain national: The state-sponsored platform will launch in 100 cities	6
How to Train an All-Purpose Robot: DeepMind is Tackling one of the Hardest Problems for AI	6
Energiewende, 20 years later - [CrossTalk]	6
$74,500 will fetch you a spot: For the price of a luxury car, you can now buy a very smart, very capable, very yellow robot dog	6
The Future of Deep Learning Is Photonic: Reducing the energy needs of neural networks might require computing with light	6
Quantum computers scale up: Constructing a universal quantum computer with a large number of qubits will be hard but not impossible	5
Venus Calling Silicon Carbide Radio Circuits Can Take The Heat Needed To Phone Home From Our Hellish Sister Planet	5
Gooaall!!!: Why we Built a Neuromorphic Robot to Play Foosball	5
Tech Pay Rises (Almost) Everywhere: The “Great Resignation” is pushing salaries up	5
Packetizing the Power Grid: The rules of the Internet can also Balance Electricity Supply and Demand	5
The Bionic-Hand Arms Race: High-Tech Hands are Complicated, Costly, and Often Impractical	5
Can AI hiring systems be made antiracist? Makers and users of AI-assisted recruiting software reexamine the tools' development and how they're used - [News]	5
Prescription-strength gaming: ADHD treatment now comes in the form of a first-person racing game - [News]	5
A Human in the Loop: AI won't Surpass Human Intelligence Anytime Soon	5
A Robot for the Worst Job in the Warehouse: Boston Dynamics' Stretch can move 800 heavy boxes per hour	5
The Clash Over 5G's First Mile: The wireless industry is divided on Open RAN's goal to make network components interoperable	5
Breaking the millisecond barrier: Robots and self-driving cars will need completely reengineered networks	5
These vacuum devices stood guard during the Cold war, advanced particle physics, treated cancer patients, and made the Beatles sound better	4
The Radical Scope of Tesla's Data Hoard: Every Tesla is providing reams of sensitive data about its driver's life	4
Power from Below: Buried Interconnects Will Help Save Moore's Law	4
The Spectacular Collapse of Cryptokitties	4
First Win for the Neurorights Campaign: Chile plans to regulate all neurotech and ban the sale of brain data	4
RF MEMS deliver the "ideal switch": After two decades of development, MEMS-based RF switches are finally finding real-world uses	4
A Road Test for Vehicle-to-Grid Tech: Utrecht leads the world in using EVs for grid storage	4
Good grids make good neighbors	4
Robot Trucks Overtake Robot Cars: This year, trucks will drive themselves on public roads with no one on board	4
The new driver's ED: Game developers teach Cruise's autonomous vehicles to understand gestures made by people on the street	4
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Computing Systems: Imagine yourself on a flight talking to an engineer about a scheme that straddles classical and quantum	4
Momentum Builds for Lithium-ion Battery Recycling: The goal is to prevent thousands of tons of spent batteries from going to waste	4
The Trend Toward All-Electric is Accelerating	3
COVID-19 has taught US that foresight and tech are a winning combination	3
Spooky Power at a Distance: Researchers have beamed substantial amounts of energy at distances over 1 kilometer	3
Researchers are using algorithms to tackle the coronavirus test shortage: The scramble to develop new test kits that deliver faster results - [Spectral Lines]	3
3 Paths to 3D Processors	3

The Moon Needs Decent Wireless Coverage: Argotec and JPL's Relay Satellites Could Deliver Bandwidth for More than 90 Missions	3
Lessons from $a$ Dragon Fly's Brain: Evolution Built a Small, Fast, Efficient Neural Network in a Dragonfly. Why Not Copy It for Missile Defense?	3
6G's Metamaterials Solution: There's plenty of bandwidth available if we use reconfigurable intelligent surfaces	3
Hands on: Stereo vision building a depth-sensing camera with beta hardware	3
The Radio That Can Hear Over Itself: Self-interference cancellation allows radios to transmit and receive on the same frequency	3
The Carbon-Sucking Fans of West Texas: It's not enough to slash greenhouse gas emissions. Experts say we need direct-air capture	3
Quantum Error Correction at the Threshold: If technologists don't get beyond it, quantum computers will never be big	3
How robots became essential workers: They disinfected hospital rooms. They delivered medical supplies. They swabbed people's throats. Next time around, they'll be treating patients	3
Curbside cab charging: Wireless power tech keeps EVs on the go - [News]	3
The Latest Developments in Technology, Engineering, and Science: News	3
Artificial Wombs are Science Fiction: But Artificial Placentas are on the Horizon	3
Researchers are betting that AI and automation can cut drug discovery from five years to six months: Automating antivirals	3
News	3
The Moore's Law Machine: The Next Trick to Tinier Transistors is High-Numerical-Aperture EUV Lithography	3
SQL Should Be Your Second Language	3
A Boom With a View: The Satellite-Imaging Industry is Exploding. Here's how to take Advantage of it	3
Where no radio has gone before: Cognitive radios can keep deep-space missions connected to earth even when faced with Alien environments	3
A Supercold Sapphire Ticks More Regularly than Anything Else on the Planet: The Most Precise Timekeeper In the World	3
The all-seeing baggage scanner	3
The Hidden Authenticators: Nanometer-Scale Electromechanical Tags Could Thwart Counterfeiters	3
The Naked Chip: No trade secret or hardware trojan can hide from ptychographic X-ray laminography	3
Vaccines Go Electric: A Handheld Gadget Could Usher in a New Era of Vaccines	3
The Algorithms That Make Instacart Roll: How Machine Learning And Other Tech Tools Guide Your Groceries From Store To Doorstep	2
Network included - [Internet of Everything]	2
A robot that keeps it simple: Hello robot wants to reinvent how autonomous machines perform tasks at home	2
Put Down That Smartphone: The Display Is on Your Skin: The screen is the last frontier in stretchable, bendable, body-conforming electronics	2
The State of the Transistor: In 75 years, it's become tiny, mighty, ubiquitous, and just plain weird	2
Past Forward: Anthrax by Mail	2
News	2
4 Ways to Put Lasers on Silicon: You Can Make Many Things with Silicon Photonics, But a Laser is not One of Them	2
How Robots Can Help US Act and Feel Younger: Toyota's Gill Pratt on Enhancing Independence in Old Age	2
AR/VR is this year's hot ticket for jobs: But growth in demand for blockchain developers stutters - [Careers]	2
Deep Learning at the Speed of Light: Lightmatter bets that optical computing can solve AI's efficiency problem	2
No one notices the creaky software systems that run the world—until they fail	2
Crosstalk: Energy-conversion efficiency is falling	2
The lego microscope: A valuable lab tool began as a diy project - [Hands on]	2
GM bets big on batteries: A new $2.3 billion plant cranks out Ultium cells to power a future line of electric vehicles	2
The Transistor of 2047: What will the device be like on its 100th anniversary?	2
Gizmo: Myth and Machine	2
This AI can see the forest and the trees	2
An Axial-Flux Motor for an Electrified World: It Combines the Best of Two Motor Designs to Save Weight and Energy	2
The software-defined power grid: How software and sensors are bringing century-old grid technology into the modern age	2
EV batteries shift into high gear: Advances in anodes, cathodes, and electrolytes are poised to appear in future electric vehicles	2
Can cargo drones solve air freight's logjams? A drone startup says its big vertical-takeoff flier would be quick to land, load, and take off again	2
News: The latest developments in technology, engineering, and science [6 items]	2
The father of FinFets: Chenming Hu took transistors into the third dimension to save Moore's Law	2
COVID: Excess Mortalities Two Years Later: The death toll is increasingly comparable to that of the 1918-1920 flu	2
Display that bend and stretch: Some smartphones can now fold like a wallet. In a few years, you may wear one on your skin	2
Where No One Has Seen Before: The James Webb Space Telescope will let us see back almost to the big bang	2
An Infinity of Pong: A Raspberry Pi Pico W handheld writes its own games	2
Baidu and Geely Will Mass-Produce an Autonomous EV: The Chinese tech giants aim for a fully self-driving car	2
Military Tests that Jam and Spoof GPS Signals are an Accident Waiting to Happen	2
The Algorithm that Mapped Omicron: With Antigenic Maps, Vaccines Can Evolve with COVID-19 Variants	2
Past Forward: Electricity’s Perilous Narrative Arc	2
5 Questions for Missy Cummings: The Former Fighter Pilot on why Autonomous Vehicles are so Risky	2
TRANSPORTATION: How Safe Are eVTOLs?: Extremely Safe—Say Manufacturers: News	2
Eavesdropping on the Brain: With 10,000 electrodes, this neural implant senses more than ever before	2
Numbers Don't Lie	2
Are You Ready for Workplace Brain Scanning?: Leveraging brain data will make workers happier and more productive, backers say	2
Advertisements	2
Managing risk and responsibility during a crisis: The COVID-19 pandemic has resurfaced questions about the government's role when disaster strikes - [Spectral Lines]	2
Microsatellites spot mystery methane leaks	2
Designing Robots to Best World Cup Winners has Inspired Generations of Roboticists	1
Stefany Allaire: A Micromanufacturer Carves her Niche	1
Mr. Internet: Vint Cerf's 1973 sketch kicked off five decades of improving and evangelizing what we now know as the Internet	1
Nasa's Space Launch System Will Lift Off: But with rival rockets readying for flight, the ultimate value of SLS is murky	1
Privacy in the time of Covid-19	1
The AI Apocalypse Matrix	1
The Seabed Solution: After 150 years, is the time finally right for deep-ocean mining?	1
Mission to a Metal World: In August, NASA will Launch a Probe to Study a Strange Metallic Asteroid Called Psyche	1
Schrödinger's Tardigrade: Have Researchers Quantum-Entangled Hardy Critters?	1
Finally, an eVTOL You Can Buy Soonish: Opener's BlackFly is the first of a radical new class of automated ultralight fliers	1
News	1
Wind-to-Hydrogen Tech Goes to Sea: Is Electrolysis Cheaper Offshore? A New Project will Find Out	1
The Panopticon v. the Capitol Rioters: Forensic technology is enormously powerful, but is it worth the privacy trade-offs?	1
How Deep Learning Works: Inside the Neural Networks that Power Today's AI	1
Roboticists Want to Give You a Third Arm: Unused Bandwidth in Neurons Can be Tapped to Control Extra Limbs	1
Tracking Arctic Ice: An Inexpensive Sensor Package Gets Data Back Despite Harsh Conditions	1
Stay-at-home tech's star turn: Even technophobes rely on consumer tech now	1
Engineered antibody mist blocks coronavirus: Will the first breakthrough COVID-19 treatment be an inhaler or nasal spray? - [News]	1

"Deep-speare" crafted Shakespearean verse that few readers could distinguish from the real thing	1
Top Programming Languages: Our Eighth Annual Probe into What's Hot and Not	1
Red Planet Selfie [The Big Picture]	1
Can 10,000 kilometers of high-temperature superconducting tape transform fusion power?	1
China's New Breeder Reactors May Produce More Than Just Watts: They Could Also Make Weapons-Grade Plutonium	1
Deep-Sea Mining Stirs Up Muddy Questions: A controversial pilot program will collect metal-rich nodules from the ocean floor	1
Making Green Hydrogen a Reality Down Under: Proposals to make hydrogen from renewable electricity in Australia exceed the country's generating capacity	1
New encryption strategy passes early test: Ghost polarization harnesses ultrafast fluctuations that occur in a light wave	1
Electric Flight: Batteries are Nowhere Near Able to Sustain Wide-Body Airliners Over Flights Measuring in the Thousands of Kilometers: Numbers Don't Lie	1
Past Forward: The Electric Motor at 200	1
Peering Into the Pandemic End Game: Before COVID–19 fades, we'll see a flurry of advances in contact tracing, cloud computing, surveillance, and online gaming	1
News	1
Finding Somerton Man: How DNA, AI Facial Reconstruction, and Sheer Grit Cracked a 75-Year-Old Cold Case	1
Advertisement	1
A Critical Look at AI-Generate Software: Coding with the New AI Tools is Both Irresistible and Dangerous	1
AI Computing Comes to Memory Chips: Samsung will double performance of neural nets with processing-in-memory	1
A Cryptocurrency for the Masses or a Universal ID?: Worldcoin Aims to Scan all the World's Eyeballs	1
How systemic racism destroyed black innovation in the U.S.: Violence and segregation undermined African American inventors throughout the 20th century - [News]	1
Biosensors for on-the-spot tests: Two companies plan to debut new tech for COVID-19 testing by year's end - [News]	1
State of the Art: This Convolutional Neural Network can Tell you Whether a Painting is a Fake	1
Plotting experiments: The AxiDraw minikit is the X-Y plotter you didn't know you wanted - [Hands on]	1
AI Takes a Dumpster Dive: Computer-vision systems sort your recyclables at superhuman speed	1
False Starts: The Checkered History of Vehicle-to-Grid Power	1
Advertisement	1
Numbers Don't Lie	1
News	1
Off-Grid Solar's Killer App: Solar pumps, batteries, and microcredit are triggering an African agricultural renaissance	1
The Godfather of South Korea's Chip Industry: Kim Choong-Ki's “Engineer's Mind” Helped Make the Country a Semiconductor Superpower	1
Gizmo: A Laptop That's Fit to be Fixed: Dell's Concept Responds to the “Right to Repair” Movement	1
SUVs Ascendant: Growth in SUV Use Could More than Offset Carbon Savings from Electric Vehicles: Numbers Don't Lie	1
Lidar on a Chip Enters the Fast Lane: Sensors for Self-Driving Cars and Robots will be Tiny, Reliable, and Affordable	1
Atomically precise sensors could detect a planet much like our own: Earth 2.0: This artist's rendition shows how an Earth-like exoplanet might appear	1
Buoyant Behemoths: The Global Race is on to Tap Potent Winds Far Offshore	1
The Smartly Dressed Spacecraft: Wrapped in Sensor-Rich Electronic Textiles, Space Structures Could Double as Scientific Instruments	1
Internet of Everything: Macro & Micro	1
This Is How to Vaccinate the World: We can manufacture and distribute enough doses to protect humanity from COVID-19	1
How Duolingo's AI Learns what you Need to Learn: The language-learning app tries to emulate a great human tutor	1
Not business as usual - [CrossTalk]	1
Engineering during a pandemic: 7 CEOs, engineers, and scientists describe how their work has changed in response to COVID-19 - [News]	1
UCDAVIS: University of California, Davis	1
The short, strange life of the first friendly robot: Japan's Gakutensoku was a giant pneumatic automaton that toured through Asia—until it mysteriously disappeared	1
IEEE Foundation [Advertisement]	1
Will AI Steal Submarines' Stealth?: Better Detection will make the Oceans Transparent—and Perhaps Undermine Nuclear Deterrence	1
Guided by Voices: Digital Voiceprinting May not be Ready for the Courts	1
A Pinch of Fusion: Zap Energy's new Z-pinch reactor will demonstrate a simpler approach to an elusive goal	1
E Ink's Technicolor Moment: The Road to Color E-Paper Took Two Decades	1
Internet of Everything: Macro & Micro	1
What to do with 177 giant tanks of radioactive sludge	1
The Latest Developments in Technology, Engineering, and Science: News	1
Crystal History [Past Forward]	1
Fishing for oil	1
How Audio is Getting its Groove Back: Deep learning is delivering the century-old promise of truly realistic sound reproduction	1
Merryl gross, information architect: From cockpits to clinics, user experiences can mean life or death - [Careers]	1
Restoring Hearing With Beams of Light	1
Being there, virtually - [Macro & Micro]	1
Exascale Comes to Europe: Germany will Host JUPITER, Europe's Entry Into the Realm of Exascale Supercomputing	1
Who's behind that robot? - [CrossTalk]	1
News	1
Flying Pallets Without Pilots: A drone startup will test a radical new vision of long-range cargo transport in Europe	1
The Hyperloop is Hyper Old: Elon Musk Merely Renamed a 200-Year-Old Dream: Numbers Don't Lie	1
Storing data in glass: Optical storage media is advancing from CDs and DVDs to small glass squares - [News]	1
A Bitcoin Wallet for the Masses: Square simplified credit-card transactions. Now it wants to build cryptocurrency hardware	1
Contents	1
Advertisement: COMSOL software	1
Black tech professionals are still paid less than their white colleagues: And women make less than their male colleagues, regardless of racial identity - [Spectral Lines]	1
Human in the Loop: What the Avatar XPrize Revealed About the Future of Telepresence Robots	1
Flying beyond mach 5 is back, decades after the original need-for-speed arms race ended: Going Hypersonic	1
News	1
We all deserve broadband - [Internet of Everything]	1
What We Learned From the Pandemic: Most of all, it taught us how to adapt under pressure	1
COMSOL conference: 2020 North America: The multiphysics simulation event of the year	1
To the InterPlanetary File System–and Beyond!: Peer-to-peer file sharing would make the Internet far more efficient	1
Internet of Everything: Macro & Micro	1
The zoom box: Look people in the eye while videoconferencing - [Hands on]	1
Supersonic Travel Returns: Boom's XB-1 test aircraft may usher in faster-than-sound commercial flight	1
A New Wildfire Watchdog: Alerts About Forest Fires Shouldn't Depend on Pets Smelling Smoke. We Need Smart Infrastructure, and that Needs Zero-Power Sensors	1
5 Conclusion from an Automation Expert with Firsthand Knowledge of Highway Regulation What Self-Driving Cars Tell Us About AI Risks: “Missy” Cummings	0
Contributors	0
Contents	0
How Python Swallowed the World: Lessons from Compiling Top Programming Languages	0
Cover 3	0
Masthead	0
Magdalene Maluta > She's Building a Fleet of Personal EVs in Kenya	0
High-Tech Eyewear [The Big Picture]	0
Crosstalk: Sweden’s COVID response	0
Africa's Access to Electricity: In an Era of Plenty, One Continent Still Lags: Numbers Don't Lie	0
AI Can Help Make Recycling Better: But only humans can solve the plastics problem	0
Maria Rerecich: She tests products for Consumer Reports to ensure they work as claimed	0
Contributors	0
Looking Beyond Our Solar System with Ray Tracing Simulation…	0
Counting Calories	0
Advertisements - 4 ads	0
Front Cover	0
News	0
How We Celebrate Engineers: The Institute focuses on fascinating people and the technology they create	0