Fire Technology

Article	Citations
A Survey of Machine Learning Algorithms Based Forest Fires Prediction and Detection Systems	110
Mechanistically Informed Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Fire Engineering and Sciences	68
A Novel Efficient Video Smoke Detection Algorithm Using Co-occurrence of Local Binary Pattern Variants	67
Machine Vision Based Fire Detection Techniques: A Survey	66
Prototyping and Validating a Non-immersive Virtual Reality Serious Game for Healthcare Fire Safety Training	42
Real-Time Video Fire Detection via Modified YOLOv5 Network Model	31
Environmentally Friendly Firefighting Foams Used to Fight Flammable Liquid Fire	29
Multi-Scale Prediction For Fire Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network	28
Condensed Aerosol Based Fire Extinguishing System Covering Versatile Applications: A Review	24
Semantic Fire Segmentation Model Based on Convolutional Neural Network for Outdoor Image	22
Flame Retardant Cellulose-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Firefighting and Fire Prevention	19
Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Walls Under Fire: A Review	19
Extinction of Wood Fire: A Near-Limit Blue Flame Above Hot Smoldering Surface	19
Investigation on the Tunnel Curvature Effect upon the Ceiling Temperature of Tunnel Fires: A Numerical Simulation	17
The Use of Machine Learning for the Prediction of fire Resistance of Composite Shallow Floor Systems	16
Thermal Runaway and Fire Behaviors of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Induced by Overheating and Overcharging	16
Real-Time Fire Detection Algorithm Based on Support Vector Machine with Dynamic Time Warping Kernel Function	16
Thermal Analysis Infrastructure in OpenSees for Fire and its Smart Application Interface Towards Natural Fire Modelling	16
Fire Detection Based on Fractal Analysis and Spatio-Temporal Features	16
Predicting and Assessing Wildfire Evacuation Decision-Making Using Machine Learning: Findings from the 2019 Kincade Fire	15
Facade Fire Hazards of Bench-Scale Aluminum Composite Panel with Flame-Retardant Core	15
Development of an Early Fire Detection Technique Using a Passive Infrared Sensor and Deep Neural Networks	14
Fire Zone Diagram of Flame-retardant Cables: Ignition and Upward Flame Spread	14
Effect of Rock Wool Waste on Compressive Behavior of Pumice Lightweight Aggregate Concrete After Elevated Temperature Exposure	14
Training with Augmented Data: GAN-based Flame-Burning Image Synthesis for Fire Segmentation in Warehouse	14

A Sociotechnical Systems Framework for Performance-Based Design for Fire Safety	14
A Review of Fire-Extinguishing Agents and Fire Suppression Strategies for Lithium-Ion Batteries Fire	13
Determination of Critical Separation Distance Between Dwellings in Informal Settlements Fire	13
A Review of Tunnel Fire Evacuation Strategies and State-of-the-Art Research in China	13
Experimental Investigation of Suppression of 18650 Lithium Ion Cell Array Fires with Water Mist	13
Upward Fire Spread Rate Over Real-Scale EPS ETICS Façades	13
Acoustical Extinction of Flame on Moving Firebrand for the Fire Protection in Wildland–Urban Interface	13
Fire Experiment Inside a Very Large and Open-Plan Compartment: x-ONE	13
The Influence of Sociodemographic Factors on the Theoretical Effectiveness of Fire Prevention Interventions on Fatal Residential Fires	12
Real-Time Prediction of Smoke Spread Affected by Multiple Factors in Subway Tunnel Using CAERES-DNN Model	12
Ignition of Gases, Vapors, and Liquids by Hot Surfaces	12
A Framework for Intelligent Fire Detection and Evacuation System	12
A Deep Separable Convolutional Neural Network for Multiscale Image-Based Smoke Detection	12
A Study on Evacuation Behavior in Physical and Virtual Reality Experiments	11
Theoretical and Numerical Study of Smoke Back-Layering Length for an Inclined Tunnel Under Longitudinal Ventilation	11
Investigating Evacuation Behaviour in Retirement Facilities: Case Studies from New Zealand	11
Upward Flame Spread Over an Array of Discrete Thermally-Thin PMMA Plates	11
Single Image Desmoking via Attentive Generative Adversarial Network for Smoke Detection Process	11
Comprehensive Failure Analysis in Tehran Refinery Fire Accident: Application of Accimap Methodology and Quantitative Domino Effect Analysis	11
Expanding the FDS Simulation Capabilities to Fire Tunnel Scenarios Through a Novel Multi-scale Model	11
An Improved YOLOv5s Fire Detection Model	11
Experimental Investigation on Fire Risk Assessment for Typical Interior Wallpapers	10
Research on the Reversible and Irreversible Heat Generation of LiNi1−x−yCoxMnyO2-Based Lithium-Ion Batteries	10
Elastic Modulus, Thermal Expansion, and Pyrolysis Shrinkage of Norway Spruce Under High Temperature	10
Pressure Effect on the Thermal Runaway Behaviors of Lithium-Ion Battery in Confined Space	10
Potential of Surrogate Modelling for Probabilistic Fire Analysis of Structures	10
Identification of Multiple Fire Sources in the Utility Tunnel Based on a Constrained Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm	10
The Statistical Effectiveness of Fire Protection Measures: Learning from Real Fires in Germany	10
Full-Scale Video-Based Detection of Smoke from Forest Fires Combining ViBe and MSER Algorithms	10
Assessing Individual Evacuation Performance Moving on Long Stairs in a Subway Station: A Field Experiment	9
Effectiveness Test and Evaluation of Transformer Fire Extinguishing System	9
Towards Fire Forensic Characteristics of Failed Cylindrical Format Lithium–Ion Cells and Batteries	9
A Practical Approach for Fire Resistance Design of Restrained High-Strength Q690 Steel Beam Considering Creep Effect	9
Modelling the Effects of Boundary Walls on the Fire Dynamics of Informal Settlement Dwellings	9
Fire Hazard Analysis of Modern Vehicles in Parking Facilities	9
Verification of Similarity of Scaling Laws in Tunnel Fires with Natural Ventilation	9
A Thoroughgoing Study on Engineering Properties of High Strength Concrete at Elevated Temperatures	9
The Propensity of Wooden Crevices to Smoldering Ignition by Firebrands	9
Estimating Smoke Alarm Effectiveness in Homes	9
Multifactor Variance Assessment for Determining the Number of Repeat Simulation Runs in Evacuation Modelling	9
Fire-Retarding Asphalt Pavement for Urban Road Tunnels: A State-of-the-Art Review and Beyond	9
Acoustic-Driven Airflow Flame Extinguishing System Design and Analysis of Capabilities of Low Frequency in Different Fuels	8
Near-Field Radiant Heat Flux from Open-Air Gasoline and Diesel Pool Fires: Modified Point Source and Discretized Solid Flame Models	8
Numerical Modeling of Compartment Fires: Ventilation Characteristics and Limitation of Kawagoe’s Law	8
Fire Test Performance of Eleven PFAS-Free Class B Firefighting Foams Varying Fuels, Admixture, Water Types and Foam Generation Techniques	8
Psychological Response in Fire: A Fuzzy Bayesian Network Approach Using Expert Judgment	8
New Approach to Distinguish Copper Molten Marks Based on Quantitative Microstructure Analysis Using Electron Backscatter Diffraction	8
A Review of the Biomechanics of Staircase Descent: Implications for Building Fire Evacuations	8
Hybrid Ensemble Based Machine Learning for Smart Building Fire Detection Using Multi Modal Sensor Data	8
Numerical Study on Effect of Ambient Humidity Variation on Self-heating and Spontaneous Ignition of the Eucalyptus Bark Pile	8

Improving the Fire Performance of Structural Insulated Panel Core Materials with Intumescent Flame-Retardant Epoxy Resin Adhesive	8
Real Time Mine Fire Classification to Support Firefighter Decision Making	8
A Review on Fire Protection Systems in Military and Civilian Vehicles	8
Influence of the Slope and Delay on Passenger Evacuation from a Fire Along a Railway Tunnel with Natural Ventilation	7
Review of Research on the Fire Behavior of Simple Shear Connections	7
Effect of High Temperature on Compressive Strength and Microstructure of Cement Paste Modified by Micro- and Nano-calcium Carbonate Particles	7
Firebrands Generated in Shurijo Castle Fire on October 30th, 2019	7
Deep Convolutional Network with Pixel-Aware Attention for Smoke Recognition	7
The Influence of Airflow Rate on the Thermal Runaway Propagation Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Batteries in a Low-Pressure Environment	7
Convolution-Enhanced Vision Transformer Network for Smoke Recognition	7
Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Effects of Fire Location on the Smoke Temperature Distribution in a Branched Tunnel	7
Ignition and Charring of PVC-Based Electric Cables	7
A Methodology for Experimental Quantification of Firebrand Generation from WUI Fuels	7
Fire and Smoke Detection Using Capsule Network	7
Automation in Fire Safety Engineering Using BIM and Generative Design	7
Risk Tolerability Limits for Fire Engineering Design: Methodology and Reference Case Study	7
Fire Testing of Intumescent Coatings: Comparison Between Bench-Scale Furnace and Radiant Panels Experimental Methodologies	6
Visual Fire Power: An Algorithm for Measuring Heat Release Rate of Visible Flames in Camera Footage, with Applications in Facade Fire Experiments	6
The Collapse of World Trade Center 7: Revisited	6
Experimental Investigation on Post-fire Response of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Column Subjected to Elevated Temperature	6
Cost–Benefit Analysis of Fire Protection in Buildings: Application of a Present Net Value Approach	6
The Digital Transformation in Fire Safety Engineering over the Past Decade Through Building Information Modelling: A Review	6
Development of a Field Deployable Firebrand Flux and Condition Measurement System	6
Barriers and Facilitators for Implementation of Individualized Fire Safety (IFS) in Sweden	6
Fire Behaviour of a Prestressed Thin-Walled Concrete V-Beam	6
Discovering Graphical Heuristics on Fire-Induced Spalling of Concrete Through Explainable Artificial Intelligence	6
Preparation and Properties of Silica Gel Foam as Fire-Retardant with High Water Retention for Wood	6
CFD Simulations of Fire Propagation in Horizontal Cable Trays Using a Pyrolysis Model with Stochastically Determined Geometry	6
Performance by Various Water Mist Nozzles in Extinguishing Liquid Pool Fires	6
Evaluating the Protective Performance of Municipal Firefighting Suits During Firefighter’s Motion Under Fire Exposure	6
Numerical Investigation on the Asymmetric Flow Characteristics of Two Propane Fires of Unequal Heat Release Rate in Open Space	6
Assessment of a Method to Enhance the Momentum of Water Mist: Co-Flow Jet Water Mist System	6
Experimental Study on the Efficiency of Dodecafluoro-2-Methylpentan-3-One on Suppressing Large-Scale Battery Module Fire	6
OpenFIRE: An Open Computational Framework for Structural Response to Real Fires	6
Revisiting Alpert’s Correlations: Numerical Exploration of Early-Stage Building Fire and Detection	6
Use of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Outdoor Firefighting	6
A Review on Flaming Ignition of Solid Combustibles: Pyrolysis Kinetics, Experimental Methods and Modelling	6
Population Trends and Fire Prevention in Merseyside UK	5
Heat Release Rate Characterization of NFPA 1403 Compliant Training Fuels	5
Investigation of Extinguishment process of Liquid Hydrocarbon Flames by Aqueous Suspensions of Astralenes	5
Fire Performance of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Columns	5
Special Issue on “Smart Systems in Fire Engineering”	5
Experimental and Numerical Study of Flame Spread Over Bed of Pine Needles	5
Post-fire Mechanical Properties of Q960 Cold-Formed Thick-Walled Ultra-High-Strength Steel	5
Recurrent Convolutional Deep Neural Networks for Modeling Time-Resolved Wildfire Spread Behavior	5
An Evaluation of the Firefighting Effectiveness of Fluorine-Free Foams	5
Measuring Water Flow Rate for a Fire Hose Using a Wireless Sensor Network for Smart Fire Fighting	5
A Review on Safety Practices for Firefighters During Photovoltaic (PV) Fire	5
Preheating Performance by Heating Film for the Safe Application of Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery at Low Temperature	5
Using Micro-Scale and Solid Material Data for Modelling Heat Transfer in Stone Wool Composites Under Heat Exposures	5
A LiFePO4 Based Semi-solid Lithium Slurry Battery for Energy Storage and a Preliminary Assessment of Its Fire Safety	5
Impact of Fuel Type on Fire Dynamics in Mechanically Ventilated Compartment as a Consequence of Closing Inlet Vent	5
A Novel Method for Smart Fire Detection Using Acoustic Measurements and Machine Learning: Proof of Concept	5
Two-Dimensional Analysis on Ceiling Jet Temperature Characteristics in a Semicircular Tunnel	5
Fire Performance of EPS ETICS Facade: Effect of Test Scale and Masonry Cover	5
Fire Resistance Tests on Prestressed Concrete Box Girder with Intumescent Fire-Retardant Coatings	5
Review: The Use of Bench-Scale Tests to Determine Toxic Organic Compounds in Fire Effluents and to Subsequently Estimate Their Impact on the Environment	5
Predicting the Wildland Fire Spread Using a Mixed-Input CNN Model with Both Channel and Spatial Attention Mechanisms	5
Automatic Estimation of Post-fire Compressive Strength Reduction of Masonry Structures Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network	5
Simulation of Heat Transfer Through Soil for the Investigation of Wildfire Impacts on Buried Pipelines	5
A Global Model for Heat Release Rate Prediction of Cable Burning on Vertical Cable Tray in Different Fire Scenarios	5
Flammability Limits of Flat Materials with Moderate Thickness in Microgravity	5
Development of Ignition Time and Mass Loss Rate Prediction Models for Rigid Polyurethane Foam with Multi-Step Thermal Degradation Under Various External Heat Flux Conditions	5
The Implications of Post-Fire Physical Features of Cylindrical 18650 Lithium-Ion Battery Cells	5
Performance of Foam Agents on Pool Fires at High Altitudes	5
Automatic Data Generation Method for Precise Ceiling Temperature Prediction of Cables Fire in the Utility Tunnel and Full-Scale Experimental Verification	5
Development of the Fire-Retardant Truss Core Sandwich Structures Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites	5
Effect of Fire Source Elevation on the Smoke Spreading Characteristics in an Extra-Long Tunnel	4
Fire Resistance Tests on Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns with Geopolymeric Recycled Aggregate	4
Analysis and Exploitation of Landforms for Improved Optimisation of Camera-Based Wildfire Detection Systems	4
Experimental Study on Effect of Tunnel Slope on Heat Release Rate with Heat Feedback Mechanism	4
Reconstruction of a Multi-item Room Fire in an ISO 9705 Room	4
Automating Fire Detection and Suppression with Computer Vision: A Multi-Layered Filtering Approach to Enhanced Fire Safety and Rapid Response	4
Wildland Firefighting Personal Protective Clothing Cleaning Practices in the United States	4
Influence of Wind Speeds and Heating Exposures on the Thermal Insulation of Intumescent Fire-Retardant Coatings	4
Quantifying Firebrand Production and Transport Using the Acoustic Analysis of In-Fire Cameras	4
Fire Safety of Ethnic Minority Traditional Settlements in Southwest China	4
Qualitative Assessment of Fire Hazard Posed by Laminated Glass Balcony Balustrades on Fire Spread	4
Fire Response of Steel Beams With Bolted Flange Plate Connections	4
Study on the Reversible and Irreversible Heat Generation of the Lithium-Ion Battery with LiFePO4 Cathode	4

Downward Flame Spread Rate Over PMMA Rods Under External Radiant Heating	4
Effect of Geometry and Dimensions on the Upward Fire Spread in U-Shaped Structures	4
Experimental Investigation on Diesel Fire Toxicity in a Compartment Under Different Pool Locations	4
The Efficiency of Perfluorohexanone on Suppressing Lithium-Ion Battery Fire and Its Device Development	4
Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway Propagation Characteristics Under 20 kPa with Different Airflow Rates	4
Fire Protection and Materials Flammability Control by Artificial Intelligence	4
Study on the Blocking Effect of Aerogel Felt Thickness on Thermal Runaway Propagation of Lithium-Ion Batteries	4
Electrothermal Characterization and Modeling of Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells in Thermal Runaway	4
On the Effect of Exposed Timber on the Severity of Structural Fires in a Compartment and Required Firefighting Resources	4
An Evaluation of the Firefighting Performance of Alcohol-Resistant Aqueous Film Forming Foams (AFFF-AR) and Alcohol-Resistant Fluorine-Free Foams (FFF-AR) in the Past Two Decades	4
Towards the use of Remote Sensing for Identification of Building Damage, Destruction, and Defensive Actions at Wildland-Urban Interface Fires	4
Study of Behavior of Textile-Reinforced Concrete with Epoxy Resin Matrix in Fire	4
Alarm Technologies to Wake Sleeping People Who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing	4
Holistic Individual Fire Preparedness in Informal Settlements, Bangladesh	4
Impact of Mass Timber Compartment Fires on Façade Fire Exposure	4
Incident Report and Analysis of the 2021 Cox’s Bazar Rohingya Refugee Camp Fire in Bangladesh	4
Overview of Factors Affecting the Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Columns with Imperfections at High Temperature	4
Using Probabilistic Zone Model Simulations to Investigate the Deterministic Assumptions of UK Residential Corridor Smoke Control Design	4
A Novel Method for Priority Assessment of Electrical Fire Risk in Typical Underwater Equipment Cabins in China	4
Information Inversion and Dynamic Analysis of Video-Driven Fire Detection Based on Object-Oriented Segmentation	4
An Experimental and Numerical Study on the Effects of Leakages and Ventilation Conditions on Informal Settlement Fire Dynamics	4
Roxborough Park Community Wildfire Evacuation Drill: Data Collection and Model Benchmarking	4