Earth-Science Reviews

Article	Citations
Machine learning methods for landslide susceptibility studies: A comparative overview of algorithm performance	526
Phanerozoic paleotemperatures: The earth’s changing climate during the last 540 million years	292
Response of Tibetan Plateau lakes to climate change: Trends, patterns, and mechanisms	283
Challenges for drought assessment in the Mediterranean region under future climate scenarios	249
Machine learning for digital soil mapping: Applications, challenges and suggested solutions	238
Extending full-plate tectonic models into deep time: Linking the Neoproterozoic and the Phanerozoic	200
An integrated mineral system model for the gold deposits of the giant Jiaodong province, eastern China	194
Secular change and the onset of plate tectonics on Earth	189
Warming amplification over the Arctic Pole and Third Pole: Trends, mechanisms and consequences	186
Drought effects on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics in global natural ecosystems	178
A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere	151
Neoproterozoic plate tectonic process and Phanerozoic geodynamic evolution of the South China Block	151
Desiccation cracking of soils: A review of investigation approaches, underlying mechanisms, and influencing factors	150
Elevation dependent warming over the Tibetan Plateau: Patterns, mechanisms and perspectives	147
Recent advances in carbon dioxide geological storage, experimental procedures, influencing parameters, and future outlook	144
Tectonic evolution of the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China	143
Pollen-based climate reconstruction techniques for late Quaternary studies	141
Soil and environmental issues in sandy soils	139
Modes of occurrence of elements in coal: A critical evaluation	134
The status and stability of permafrost carbon on the Tibetan Plateau	129
Loess landscapes of Europe – Mapping, geomorphology, and zonal differentiation	124
Landslide failures detection and mapping using Synthetic Aperture Radar: Past, present and future	124
Deep learning for geological hazards analysis: Data, models, applications, and opportunities	124
Measuring, modelling and managing gully erosion at large scales: A state of the art	123
Exploring the multiple land degradation pathways across the planet	121

Recent climate and hydrological changes in a mountain–basin system in Xinjiang, China	118
Movable oil content evaluation of lacustrine organic-rich shales: Methods and a novel quantitative evaluation model	114
A comprehensive review on deep learning based remote sensing image super-resolution methods	114
Fenton chemistry and reactive oxygen species in soil: Abiotic mechanisms of biotic processes, controls and consequences for carbon and nutrient cycling	112
Global impact of climate change on soil erosion and potential for adaptation through soil conservation	110
Leakage risk assessment of a CO2 storage site: A review	109
Extreme weather and climate events in northern areas: A review	108
Deep learning in pore scale imaging and modeling	102
Magmatic perspective on subduction of Paleo-Pacific plate and initiation of big mantle wedge in East Asia	101
Tortuosity of porous media: Image analysis and physical simulation	101
Carbon mineralization and geological storage of CO2 in basalt: Mechanisms and technical challenges	98
Sulphate in freshwater ecosystems: A review of sources, biogeochemical cycles, ecotoxicological effects and bioremediation	96
Application of artificial intelligence in geotechnical engineering: A state-of-the-art review	96
Increasing glacial lake outburst flood hazard in response to surge glaciers in the Karakoram	96
Soil moisture retrieval from remote sensing measurements: Current knowledge and directions for the future	94
Increasing cryospheric hazards in a warming climate	93
Space-time landslide predictive modelling	92
Position paper: Open web-distributed integrated geographic modelling and simulation to enable broader participation and applications	91
Reactive chemical transport simulations of geologic carbon sequestration: Methods and applications	91
Lava tubes on Earth, Moon and Mars: A review on their size and morphology revealed by comparative planetology	89
Understanding interactions among climate, water, and vegetation with the Budyko framework	87
Sediment generation and sediment routing systems from a quantitative provenance analysis perspective: Review, application and future development	84
An overview of monitoring methods for assessing the performance of nature-based solutions against natural hazards	84
Signatures of early microbial life from the Archean (4 to 2.5 Ga) eon	83
The influence of herbaceous vegetation on slope stability – A review	83
Dam builders and their works: Beaver influences on the structure and function of river corridor hydrology, geomorphology, biogeochemistry and ecosystems	82
Multi-stage tectonics and metallogeny associated with Phanerozoic evolution of the South China Block: A holistic perspective from the Youjiang Basin	81
Cenozoic evolution of the Qaidam basin and implications for the growth of the northern Tibetan plateau: A review	80
An orocline in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt	79
Geological, geophysical and plate kinematic constraints for models of the India-Asia collision and the post-Triassic central Tethys oceans	79
Effectiveness of post-fire soil erosion mitigation treatments: A systematic review and meta-analysis	76
Trace elements in methane-seep carbonates: Potentials, limitations, and perspectives	75
Breaches of embankment and landslide dams - State of the art review	75
Andean mountain building since the Late Cretaceous: A paleoelevation reconstruction	73
Schwertmannite: A review of its occurrence, formation, structure, stability and interactions with oxyanions	72
Tectono-thermal evolution of the Qilian orogenic system: Tracing the subduction, accretion and closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean	72
Mapping paleocoastlines and continental flooding during the Phanerozoic	71
Learning from natural sediments to tackle microplastics challenges: A multidisciplinary perspective	71
A review of Pangaea dispersal and Large Igneous Provinces – In search of a causative mechanism	70
New insights on Chinese cave δ18O records and their paleoclimatic significance	70
Silicate weathering as a feedback and forcing in Earth's climate and carbon cycle	70
Mélanges through time: Life cycle of the world's largest Archean mélange compared with Mesozoic and Paleozoic subduction-accretion-collision mélanges	70
Out of Africa: The underrepresentation of African authors in high-impact geoscience literature	69
Strontium (87Sr/86Sr) mapping: A critical review of methods and approaches	69
Crustal fragmentation, magmatism, and the diachronous opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea	69
Cenozoic lithospheric architecture and metallogenesis in Southeastern Tibet	69
Lithosphere thickness controls the extent of mantle melting, depth of melt extraction and basalt compositions in all tectonic settings on Earth – A review and new perspectives	69
Low-δ18O silicic magmas on Earth: A review	69
The lower shoreface: Morphodynamics and sediment connectivity with the upper shoreface and beach	68
The Mid-Variscan Allochthon: Keys from correlation, partial retrodeformation and plate-tectonic reconstruction to unlock the geometry of a non-cylindrical belt	68

Interactions of Asian mineral dust with Indian summer monsoon: Recent advances and challenges	66
Structural inheritance in the North Atlantic	66
The latest Ordovician Hirnantian brachiopod faunas: New global insights	66
Sediment oxygen consumption: Role in the global marine carbon cycle	65
Radium isotopes as submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) tracers: Review and recommendations	65
Exploring a lost ocean in the Tibetan Plateau: Birth, growth, and demise of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean	64
Towards a universal model for orogenic gold systems: A perspective based on Chinese examples with geodynamic, temporal, and deposit-scale structural and geochemical diversity	63
Geochemical characterization of ophiolites in the Alpine-Himalayan Orogenic Belt: Magmatically and tectonically diverse evolution of the Mesozoic Neotethyan oceanic crust	63
A critical review on pore to continuum scale imaging techniques for enhanced shale gas recovery	62
Geochronology of the Paraná-Etendeka large igneous province	62
SEM petrography of dispersed organic matter in black shales: A review	62
Timing and patterns of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event and Late Ordovician mass extinction: Perspectives from South China	61
Pore-scale controls on hydrological and geochemical processes in peat: Implications on interacting processes	61
Subduction initiation from the earliest stages to self-sustained subduction: Insights from the analysis of 70 Cenozoic sites	60
Fluids associated with carbonatitic magmatism: A critical review and implications for carbonatite magma ascent	60
A review of ocean-atmosphere interactions during tropical cyclones in the north Indian Ocean	60
Spatiotemporal forecasting in earth system science: Methods, uncertainties, predictability and future directions	59
Global marine redox evolution from the late Neoproterozoic to the early Paleozoic constrained by the integration of Mo and U isotope records	59
Biogeochemical cycling of iron (hydr-)oxides and its impact on organic carbon turnover in coastal wetlands: A global synthesis and perspective	59
Seasonal imprint of Holocene temperature reconstruction on the Tibetan Plateau	59
Albedo reduction as an important driver for glacier melting in Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas	58
A two-phase end-Triassic mass extinction	58
Rejuvenation of ancient micro-continents during accretionary orogenesis: Insights from the Yili Block and adjacent regions of the SW Central Asian Orogenic Belt	58
A comprehensive system of definitions of land surface (topographic) curvatures, with implications for their application in geoscience modelling and prediction	56
Subduction of oceanic lithosphere in the Alps: Selective and archetypal from (slow-spreading) oceans	55
Towards an actualistic view of the Crato Konservat-Lagerstätte paleoenvironment: A new hypothesis as an Early Cretaceous (Aptian) equatorial and semi-arid wetland	54
Determining dominating control mechanisms of inland water carbon cycling processes and associated gross primary productivity on regional and global scales	54
Seismic imaging of Northwest Pacific and East Asia: New insight into volcanism, seismogenesis and geodynamics	54
Climate variability and floods in China - A review	53
Contrasting characteristics, changes, and linkages of permafrost between the Arctic and the Third Pole	53
Deep entrapment of buoyant magmas by orogenic tectonic stress: Its role in producing continental crust, adakites, and porphyry copper deposits	52
Landslide monitoring using seismic ambient noise correlation: challenges and applications	52
Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin inversion and geodynamics in East China: A review	52
Smartphone assisted fieldwork: Towards the digital transition of geoscience fieldwork using LiDAR-equipped iPhones	51
Current status and future perspectives of microplastic pollution in typical cryospheric regions	51
Geomorphometry and terrain analysis: data, methods, platforms and applications	51
Magmatic responses to Cretaceous subduction and tearing of the paleo-Pacific Plate in SE China: An overview	51
Progress towards an improved Precambrian seawater 87Sr/86Sr curve	51
New Maps of Global Geological Provinces and Tectonic Plates	51
Room for improvement: A review and evaluation of 24 soil thermal conductivity parameterization schemes commonly used in land-surface, hydrological, and soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer models	50
On the onset of Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) volcanism and environmental and carbon-cycle change at the Triassic–Jurassic transition (Neuquén Basin, Argentina)	50
Holocene glacial history of Svalbard: Status, perspectives and challenges	50
The what, how and why of archaeological coprolite analysis	49
Slabitization: Mechanisms controlling subduction development and viscous coupling	48
Recent technological and methodological advances for the investigation of landslide dams	48
Tracing volcanic emissions from the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province in the sedimentary record	48
Laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments on crystalline rock for geothermal purposes	48
Redox changes in the outer Yangtze Sea (South China) through the Hirnantian Glaciation and their implications for the end-Ordovician biocrisis	48
Aeolian dust transport, cycle and influences in high-elevation cryosphere of the Tibetan Plateau region: New evidences from alpine snow and ice	48
Calibrating the temporal and spatial dynamics of the Ediacaran - Cambrian radiation of animals	47
Carbon-cycle changes during the Toarcian (Early Jurassic) and implications for regional versus global drivers of the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event	47
Virtual and digital outcrops in the petroleum industry: A systematic review	46
The influence of ice sheet and solar insolation on Holocene moisture evolution in northern Central Asia	46
The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge	46
The 1986–2021 paroxysmal episodes at the summit craters of Mt. Etna: Insights into volcano dynamics and hazard	46
Monsoon controls on sediment generation and transport: Mass budget and provenance constraints from the Indus River catchment, delta and submarine fan over tectonic and multimillennial timescales	45
East Asian lithospheric evolution dictated by multistage Mesozoic flat-slab subduction	45
The genesis, development, and evolution of original vertical joints in loess	45
Holocene climatic optimum in the East Asian monsoon region of China defined by climatic stability	45
Geodynamics, seismicity, and seismic hazards of the Caucasus	45
Compound droughts and hot extremes: Characteristics, drivers, changes, and impacts	45
The trace fossil record of the Nama Group, Namibia: Exploring the terminal Ediacaran roots of the Cambrian explosion	44
Sensing the ocean biological carbon pump from space: A review of capabilities, concepts, research gaps and future developments	44
Abrupt ecological shifts of lakes during the Anthropocene	44
Oil content and resource quality evaluation methods for lacustrine shale: A review and a novel three-dimensional quality evaluation model	43
Glacier change in China over past decades: Spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors	43
Drought effects on wet soils in inland wetlands and peatlands	43
Origins of kimberlites and carbonatites during continental collision – Insights beyond decoupled Nd-Hf isotopes	42
Classification of ignimbrites and their eruptions	42
Evolution of the Laurentide and Innuitian ice sheets prior to the Last Glacial Maximum (115 ka to 25 ka)	42
Embracing the dynamic nature of soil structure: A paradigm illuminating the role of life in critical zones of the Anthropocene	42
Himalayan leucogranites: A review of geochemical and isotopic characteristics, timing of formation, genesis, and rare metal mineralization	42
Subduction initiation in the Scotia Sea region and opening of the Drake Passage: When and why?	42
Permafrost active layer	42
Hydrology of debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia	41
The core of Rodinia formed by the juxtaposition of opposed retreating and advancing accretionary orogens	41
Modes of climate variability: Synthesis and review of proxy-based reconstructions through the Holocene	41
Hybrid Carbonates: in situ abiotic, microbial and skeletal co-precipitates	41
Riverbank erosion in cold environments: Review and outlook	41
Mesozoic intraplate tectonism of East Asia due to flat subduction of a composite terrane slab	41

Freshening of the Mediterranean Salt Giant: controversies and certainties around the terminal (Upper Gypsum and Lago-Mare) phases of the Messinian Salinity Crisis	41
The modern phosphorus cycle informs interpretations of Mesoproterozoic Era phosphorus dynamics	40
Evolution of a plume-influenced source-to-sink system: An example from the coupled central Emeishan large igneous province and adjacent western Yangtze cratonic basin in the Late Permian, SW China	40
Investigations and new insights on earthquake mechanics from fault slip experiments	40
Analyses from a validated global U Pb detrital zircon database: Enhanced methods for filtering discordant U Pb zircon analyses and optimizing crystallization age estimates	40
Global variations and controlling factors of soil nitrogen turnover rate	39
Archean dome-and-basin style structures form during growth and death of intraoceanic and continental margin arcs in accretionary orogens	39
The biogeochemistry of ferruginous lakes and past ferruginous oceans	39
Two-stage mid-Brunhes climate transition and mid-Pleistocene human diversification	39
Structural and kinematic analysis of Cenozoic rift basins in South China Sea: A synthesis	39
Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic evolution and dynamics of the Songliao Basin, NE Asia: Implications for the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Oce	39
Geodynamic controls on magmatic arc migration and quiescence	39
Dynamic processes of the curved subduction system in Southeast Asia: A review and future perspective	39
Eastern China continental lithosphere thinning is a consequence of paleo-Pacific plate subduction: A review and new perspectives	39
Episodicity and the dance of late Mesozoic magmatism and deformation along the northern circum-Pacific margin: north-eastern Russia to the Cordillera	39
Provenance and recycling of Sahara Desert sand	38
Correlation of the stratigraphic cover of the Pilbara and Kaapvaal cratons recording the lead up to Paleoproterozoic Icehouse and the GOE	38
Landslide susceptibility maps of Italy: Lesson learnt from dealing with multiple landslide types and the uneven spatial distribution of the national inventory	38
Topographic expressions of mantle dynamics in the Mediterranean	38
The first large-scale bioavailable Sr isotope map of China and its implication for provenance studies	37
Early Cretaceous tectonics across the North Pacific: New insights from multiphase tectonic extension in Eastern Eurasia	37
Sedimentary Ce anomalies: Secular change and implications for paleoenvironmental evolution	37
Laboratory experiments on fault behavior towards better understanding of injection-induced seismicity in geoenergy systems	37
Sea-level fluctuations driven by changes in global ocean basin volume following supercontinent break-up	37
Multiple hazards and paths to eruptions: A review of the volcanic system of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy)	37
Evaluation of physical and chemical proxies used to interpret past glaciations with a focus on the late Paleozoic Ice Age	36
A dynamic 2000—540 Ma Earth history: From cratonic amalgamation to the age of supercontinent cycle	36
Early Triassic terrestrial tetrapod fauna: a review	36
Challenges and enablers for large-scale CO2 storage in chalk formations	36
Impact Earth: A review of the terrestrial impact record	36
Dynamic continuous hydrocarbon accumulation (DCHA): Existing theories and a new unified accumulation model	36
Fold geometry and folding – a review	35
Greater Avalonia—latest Ediacaran–Ordovician “peribaltic” terrane bounded by continental margin prisms (“Ganderia,” Harlech Dome, Meguma): Review, tectonic implications, and paleogeography	35
On the origins of the Iapetus Ocean	35
Biological albedo reduction on ice sheets, glaciers, and snowfields	35
Catastrophic soil loss associated with end-Triassic deforestation	35
The relationships between tectonics, climate and exhumation in the Central Andes (18–36°S): Evidence from low-temperature thermochronology	35
A review of magmatism and deformation history along the NE Asian margin from ca. 95 to 30 Ma: Transition from the Izanagi to Pacific plate subduction in the early Cenozoic	34
Cenozoic uplift and erosion of the Norwegian Barents Shelf – A review	34
Conjugate volcanic passive margins in the austral segment of the South Atlantic – Architecture and development	34
Two-phased collapse of the shallow-water carbonate factory during the late Pliensbachian–Toarcian driven by changing climate and enhanced continental weathering in the Northwestern Gondwana Margin	34
Conservation, preparation and imaging of diverse ambers and their inclusions	34
Landscape changes and their hydrologic effects: Interactions and feedbacks across scales	34
What we talk about when we talk about seasonality – A transdisciplinary review	33
How allogenic factors affect succession in glacier forefields	33
Processes in mushes and their role in the differentiation of granitic rocks	33
Neoproterozoic postglacial paleoenvironment and hydrocarbon potential: A review and new insights from the Doushantuo Formation Sichuan Basin, China	33
A synthesis of methane dynamics in thermokarst lake environments	33
High-resolution sequence stratigraphy applied to reservoir zonation and characterisation, and its impact on production performance - shallow marine, fluvial downstream, and lacustrine carbonate settin	33
Dynamics of evolving magma chambers: textural and chemical evolution of cumulates at the arrival of new liquidus phases	33
Synthesis of the distribution of subsidence of the lower Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta, Bangladesh	33
Coupling between uplift of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt-NE Tibetan Plateau and accumulation of aeolian Red Clay in the inner Asia began at ~7 Ma	33
Time-dependent recurrence of strong earthquake shaking near plate boundaries: A lake sediment perspective	33
Late-Pleistocene catchment-wide denudation patterns across the European Alps	33
Sulfidic anoxia in the oceans during the Late Ordovician mass extinctions – insights from molybdenum and uranium isotopic global redox proxies	33
Pore-network modeling of flow in shale nanopores: Network structure, flow principles, and computational algorithms	32
Deep-water depositional systems supplied by shelf-incising submarine canyons: Recognition and significance in the geologic record	32
The triple complexity of drought risk analysis and its visualisation via mapping: a review across scales and sectors	32
Arclogites and their role in continental evolution; part 1: Background, locations, petrography, geochemistry, chronology and thermobarometry	32
Seismic-fluid detection-a review	32
The Missoula and Bonneville floods—A review of ice-age megafloods in the Columbia River basin	32
Nitrogen contamination and bioremediation in groundwater and the environment: A review	32
The Earth's coda correlation wavefield: Rise of the new paradigm and recent advances	31
Tibetan ore deposits: A conjunction of accretionary orogeny and continental collision	31
Provenance of Kalahari Sand: Paleoweathering and recycling in a linked fluvial-aeolian system	31
Progressive tectonic evolution from crustal shortening to mid-lower crustal expansion in the southeast Tibetan Plateau: A synthesis of structural and thermochronological insights	31
What can the GRACE seasonal cycle tell us about lake-aquifer interactions?	31
Ocean-continent transition architecture and breakup mechanism at the mid-northern South China Sea	31
Paleo-Tethys subduction induced slab-drag opening the Neo-Tethys: Evidence from an Iranian segment of Gondwana	31
Snowballs in Africa: sectioning a long-lived Neoproterozoic carbonate platform and its bathyal foreslope (NW Namibia)	31
Land-surface parameters for spatial predictive mapping and modeling	31
Integrated detrital rutile and zircon provenance reveals multiple sources for Cambrian sandstones in North Gondwana	31
Tectonic significance of Australian rare earth element deposits	31
Detrital zircon geochronology and processes in accretionary wedges	30
The fate of subducting carbon tracked by Mg and Zn isotopes: A review and new perspectives	30
Lost islands in the northern Lesser Antilles: possible milestones in the Cenozoic dispersal of terrestrial organisms between South-America and the Greater Antilles	30
Aerosol-cloud interactions over the Tibetan Plateau: An overview	30
A review of Devonian–Carboniferous magmatism in the central region of Argentina, pre-Andean margin of SW Gondwana	30
The role of infrequently mobile boulders in modulating landscape evolution and geomorphic hazards	30
A revised, late Palaeozoic glacial time-space framework for eastern Australia, and comparisons with other regions and events	30
Denudation history and palaeogeography of the Pyrenees and their peripheral basins: an 84-million-year geomorphological perspective	30
Ten years after the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake and tsunami: Geological and environmental effects and implications for disaster policy changes	30
Shoreface mesoscale morphodynamics: A review	30
Subduction zone paleoseismology along the Pacific coast of northeast Japan — progress and remaining problems	30
Coupling of paleoenvironment and biogeochemistry of deep-time alkaline lakes: A lipid biomarker perspective	30
High-sedimentation-rate loess records: A new window into understanding orbital- and millennial-scale monsoon variability	30
Towards improved USLE-based soil erosion modelling in India: A review of prevalent pitfalls and implementation of exemplar methods	29
Exploring machine learning potential for climate change risk assessment	29
Characterisation of weak layers, physical controls on their global distribution and their role in submarine landslide formation	29
Molecular hydrogen in surface and subsurface natural gases: Abundance, origins and ideas for deliberate exploration	29
Hydrological controls on marine chemistry in the Cryogenian Nanhua Basin (South China)	29
A meta-analysis of the Steptoean Positive Carbon Isotope Excursion: The SPICEraq database	29
Neutron scattering: A subsurface application review	28
Progress, problems and prospects: An overview of the Guadalupian Series of South China and North America	28
Crustal melting and suprasolidus phase equilibria: From first principles to the state-of-the-art	28