Cryogenics

Article	Citations
Development of dilution refrigerators—A review	31
Elasticity, plasticity and fracture toughness at ambient and cryogenic temperatures of epoxy systems used for the impregnation of high-field superconducting magnets	25
3D finite element modelling on racetrack coils using the homogeneous T-A formulation	24
Numerical investigation of transient liquid nitrogen cavitating flows with special emphasis on force evolution and entropy features	19
Development of cryogenic cooler based on n-type Bi-Sb thermoelectric and HTSC	19
Thermodynamic effects on the cavitation flow of a liquid oxygen turbopump	18
Thermo-hydraulic and economic aspects of long-length high-power MgB2 superconducting cables	18
The microstructures and mechanical properties of dissimilar laser welding of copper and 316L stainless steel with Ni interlayer	17
Development of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor with temperature compensation for measurement of cryogenic structures	16
A novel integrated structure of hydrogen purification and liquefaction using natural gas steam reforming, organic Rankine cycle and photovoltaic panels	16
High-precision calibration for strain and temperature sensitivities of Rayleigh-scattering-based DOFS at cryogenic temperatures	16
Influence of field-dependent critical current on harmonic AC loss analysis in HTS coils for superconducting transformers supplying non-linear loads	16
Role of trivalent Bi/Tm partial substitution on active operable slip systems in Bi-2212 crystal structure	16
Recent concept study for cryogenic fluid management to support opposition class crewed missions to Mars	15
Experimental analysis of thermal behavior in cryogenic propellant tank with different pressurants	15
Investigation on leakage vortex cavitation and corresponding enstrophy characteristics in a liquid nitrogen inducer	15
Mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of cryogenic pre-strained 316LN stainless steel	14
Optimization of a Zigzag-channel printed circuit heat exchanger for supercritical methane flow	14
Compliant polymer origami bellows in cryogenics	13
Dynamic performance of HTS maglev and comparisons with another two types of high-speed railway vehicles	13
Internal and external flow characteristics of multi-nozzle spray with liquid nitrogen	13
Cryogenic thermal conductivity of 7050 aluminum alloy subjected to different heat treatments	13
Structural and superconducting properties of low-density Bi(Pb)-2223 superconductor: Effect of Eu2O3 nanoparticles addition	13
Cascade JT systems with single-component refrigerants for hydrogen liquefaction	13
Bending and uniaxial tensile strain effects on the critical current of REBCO coated conductor tapes	12

Refractometric and temperature sensors based on one-dimensional binary photonic crystal including a superconducting layer	12
Numerical investigation on serrated fin of sub-atmosphere plate-fin heat exchanger used in superfluid helium system	12
Simulation study on the cryogenic liquid nitrogen jets: Effects of equations of state and turbulence models	11
Magnetocaloric effect in LiLn6O5(BO3)3 (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, and Ho)	11
Simulation and experiment on superconducting DC energy pipeline cooled by LNG	11
Numerical simulation of cryogenic cavitating flow in LRE oxygen turbopump inducer	11
Magnetothermal properties and magnetocaloric effect in transition Metal-Rich Gd-Co and Gd-Fe amorphous alloys	11
Transient performance study of high pressure fuel gas supply system for LNG fueled ships	11
Numerical investigation of a nitrogen based cryogenic pulsating heat pipe	11
Methane liquefaction with an active magnetic regenerative refrigerator	11
Composition optimization method for mixed refrigerant MR JT cryocooler	11
Investigations on a 1 K hybrid cryocooler composed of a four-stage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler and a Joule-Thomson cooler. Part A: Theoretical analyses and modeling	11
Optimization of thermoelectric modules for maximum cooling capacity	11
Cooling performance of multi-nozzle spray with liquid nitrogen	11
Comparing the predictive ability of two- and three-parameter cubic equations of state in calculating specific heat capacity, Joule – Thomson coefficient, inversion curve and outlet temperature from Jo	10
Numerical investigation on heat transfer and flow characteristics of supercritical methane in a horizontal tube	10
Experimental study on a hydrogen pulsating heat pipe in different heating modes	10
An analytical model for coupling losses in large conductors for magnetic fusion	10
Collision dynamics of two liquid nitrogen droplets under a low-temperature condition	10
Exergetic analysis of reverse Brayton cryocooler with different turbine arrangements for HTS power cables	10
ATHENA X-IFU 300 K–50 mK cryochain test results	9
Lifetime test of the 4K Joule-Thomson cryocooler	9
An efficient HTS electromagnetic model combining thin-strip, homogeneous and multi-scale methods by T-A formulation	9
Experimental and numerical study on AC loss reduction in a REBCO coil assembly by applying high saturation field powder-core flux diverters	9
Review of internal cavitating flow in injection nozzles, external atomization and cooling in liquid nitrogen spray cooling systems	9
Liquid hydrogen pipeline chill-down: Mathematical modelling and investigation	9
An innovative integrated process for helium and NGL recovery and nitrogen removal	8
An open hardware 3-D printed device for measuring tensile properties of thermoplastic filament polymers at cryogenic temperatures	8
Effects of stainless steel thickness and winding tension on electrical and thermal characteristics of metal insulation racetrack coils for 10-MW-class HTS wind generator	8
Cooling system optimization of cryogenic propellant storage on lunar surface	8
Mathematical modeling of thermal stratification in a double wall cryogenic propellant tank with different insulations using one-dimensional flow over vertical plate approximation	8
Adsorption equilibrium and charge/discharge characteristics of hydrogen on MOFs	8
Magnetothermal properties and magnetocaloric effect in ErFe2	8
Heat and mass transfer in a cryogenic tank in case of active-pressurization	8
Experimental study on composite insulation with foam, multilayer and vapor cooled shield for cryogen storage under different vacuum conditions	8
Experimental investigations on high pressure ratio cryogenic turboexpanders for helium liquefier	8
Numerical simulation on heat transfer and flow of supercritical methane in printed circuit heat exchangers	8
High-speed density measurement for LNG and other cryogenic fluids using electrical capacitance tomography	8
Pool boiling in liquid hydrogen, liquid methane and liquid oxygen: A review of available data and predictive tools	8
Linking trap to G10 surface flashover in liquid nitrogen under DC voltage	8
Modeling and analysis of heat transfer in submerged combustion vaporizer under supercritical pressure	7
Investigation on cryogenic mechanical properties of basalt fiber-reinforced epoxy composites	7
Assessment of prediction and efficiency parameters for cryogenic no-vent fill	7
Elimination of δ-ferrite in N50 steel and its effect on cryogenic mechanical properties	7
High performance and working stability of an 18 W class neon pulsating heat pipe in vertical/horizontal orientation	7
Development of a compact 2.17 K hybrid 4He JT cryocooler for space applications	7
Numerical simulation of cryogenic cavitating flow by an extended transport-based cavitation model with thermal effects	7
Heat transfer characteristics of liquid hydrogen flowing inside of a vertical heated pipe under quasi-stationary heat input	7
Investigation on the thermal performance of spiral wound heat exchanger for the superfluid helium cryogenic system	7
Fabrication of multifilamentary powder in tube superconducting tapes of Bi-2223 with Sr deficient starting composition	7

Numerical investigation on the distribution characteristics of gas-liquid flow at the entrance of LNG plate-fin heat exchangers	7
Thermal analysis and experimental study of cryostat for superconducting wiggler of the HEPS-TF	7
Prediction of Joule–Thomson coefficients and inversion curves of natural gas by various equations of state	7
Dry dilution refrigerator with pulse tube shutoff option	7
Thermal characteristics of a helium-free superconducting magnet system for a fast-ramping heavy-ion synchrotron	7
Quench analysis of the DEMO CS1 coil	7
Numerical analysis of cryogenic LOX-LN2 mass transfer characteristics under different textured surfaces	7
Study on pressure wave propagation through cryogenic condensing two-phase flow in liquid rocket propellant feedline	7
Design of a magnet to study quench propagation in a Cable-In-Conduit-Conductor filled with stagnant superfluid helium	7
Profitability of low-temperature power electronics and potential applications	7
Numerical analysis of the mechanical and electrical properties of CORC cables under torsional loading	7
Effects of bending and torsion behavior on Ic degradation and microstructure of ReBCO coated conductors	7
Appropriate number of stages of an ORC driven by LNG cold energy to produce acceptable power with reasonable surface area of heat exchangers	7
Numerical simulation of a low temperature hybrid refrigerator combining GM gas expansion refrigeration with magnetic refrigeration	6
Exergoeconomic assessment of air separation units for pressurized O2 production incorporating two-phase expanders	6
Measurements of self-field and voltage for the REBCO stacked tapes assembled in rigid structure (STARS) conductor at 77 K	6
Investigations on a 1 K hybrid cryocooler composed of a four-stage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler and a Joule-Thomson cooler. Part B: Experimental verifications	6
Application of machine learning techniques in operating parameters prediction of Stirling cryocooler	6
Numerical study on a three-stage traveling-wave thermoacoustic generator with a simplified structure simultaneously utilizing cold and low-grade thermal energy	6
Optimization and experiment on the dual nitrogen expansion liquefaction process with pre-cooling	6
Geometrical modeling and mechanical behavior analysis of Nb3Sn Rutherford cable	6
The effective refrigeration temperature zone expressed by partial molar enthalpy difference of each component in mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigerators	6
10 kV AC test verification of the high temperature superconducting fault current limiter with bias magnetic field	6
Experimental study on liquid oxygen chill-down in a horizontal exit-contracted pipe	6
Calculation of radial force of radial HTS magnetic bearing	6
Gas-gap heat switches with negative room temperature conductor separation and their application to ultra-low temperature platforms	6
Effects of thallium fluoride and yttrium on structure, electrical properties and ac losses susceptibility of (Bi,Pb)-2234 superconductors	6
High performance thermal link with small spring constant for cryogenic applications	6
Superconducting and levitation force characterisation of pyrene added MgB2 bulk superconductors	6
Determining design criteria to reduce power and cost in filling high-pressure oxygen cylinders directly from cryogenic air separation plants	6
Numerical investigation on the direct contact condensation of oxygen jets in a cryogenic pipe	6
Experimental imaging and algorithm optimization based on deep neural network for electrical capacitance tomography for LN2-VN2 flow	6
Study on the electrical performances of soldered joints between HTS coated-conductors	6
Characterization of a Si and GaN converter at cryogenic temperatures	6
Experimental and numerical investigation of open-cycle miniature Joule-Thomson cryocooler for working temperatures 100 K to 150 K with single component coolants	6
Design and finite volume evaluation of a counterflow recuperative spiral heat exchanger for additive manufacturing	6
Impact of Ti-doping position on Nb3Sn layer formation in internal Sn-processed Nb3Sn superconducting wires	6
Thermal-hydraulic analysis of superconducting cables for energy applications with a novel open object-oriented software: OPENSC2	6
Thermal shield of the zero-boil-off cryostat for a 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging magnet	6
Influence of gas axial conduction enhancement factor on the oscillating flow behavior of an inertance pulse tube cryocooler	6
2 K cryogenic system development for superconducting cavity testing of CiADS	6
The effect of flux diverters on the AC loss of REBCO coil coupled with iron core	6
Experimental investigation of cryogenic flow quenching of horizontal stainless steel tubes	6
A new vision of short-time and long-time AC loss measurement and modelling: A superconducting power electronic circuit	5
Experimental investigation of a serial-parallel configuration helium pulsating heat pipe	5
Frozen image analysis of a superconducting magnetic levitation system consisting of multi-surface superconductor and Halbach array permanent magnet configuration	5
Dynamic simulations of the HL-LHC cryogenic system during beam operation	5
Novel condenser based cryogenic pulsating heat Pipe: Investigations on influence of geometrical parameters	5
Dynamic simulation of the first cool down of the JT-60SA cryo-magnet system	5
Temperature distribution of long-length high temperature superconducting cable cooled by slush-nitrogen	5
AC susceptibility and electrical properties of Ta substituted (Tl1Ta )(BaSr)CaCu2O7 superconductor (x = 0–0.3)	5
Study on cryogenic mechanical properties between superconducting wires and resins for MRI superconducting magnet	5
Development of CFD model for the analysis of a cryogenics twin-screw hydrogen extruder system	5
Mechanical design of the magnet mirror structure for testing Nb3Sn sextupole coil of 45 GHz ECRIS	5
Experimental characterization of cryogenic contact resistance	5
Experimental system for testing a superconducting motor at temperatures close to 15 K	5
Investigation on the choked mass-flow characteristics of the helium fluid during the Joule-Thomson process in micro-orifice under different high pressures	5
Modeling and characteristics investigation of self-regulating HTS flux pump	5
Performance optimization of a mK dilution refrigerator based on the first law of thermodynamics	4
Physical properties of a high manganese austenitic steel Fe-30%Mn-1%C at cryogenic temperatures	4
Numerical investigation on the characteristics of leakage and dispersion of cryogenic liquid oxygen in open environment	4
Effect of large redundant volume on the performance of multiple turns helium pulsating heat pipe	4
Heat transfer analysis of submerged combustion vaporizer under subcritical pressure and comparison with supercritical pressure	4
Design and test of a liquid helium cryogenic system for the cooling of a superconductive single-flux-quantum circuit chip	4
Coupling behavior of Bi2Sr2−xInxCaCu2O8+d	4
An enhanced midstream design method for cryogenic turbomachinery	4
Flow boiling in liquid hydrogen, liquid methane and liquid oxygen: A review of available data and predictive tools	4
Thermal-hydraulic analysis of the DEMO PF coils designed by CEA	4
Study on the recovery characteristics of disc-type superconducting fault current limiter coils from the perspective of boiling heat transfer and bubble behaviors	4
Splice joint resistances of commercial REBCO-coated conductors and their reduction	4
Cryogenic sliding induced subsurface deformation and tribological behavior of pure titanium	4
Thermal performance of a cryogenic parallel heat pipe system	4
In situ analysis of cryogenic strain in silver using synchrotron radiation	4
Development of cryo-adsorption hydrogen storage systems for ship’s PEMFC power units	4
Development of the integrated sorption cooler for an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR)	4
Modeling, simulation and analysis of tank thermodynamic behaviors during no-vent LNG bunkering operations	4
Calculation and analysis of optimal layer density for variable density multilayer insulation based on layer by layer model and Lockheed equation	4
Unsteady flow analysis regarding stall flow and rotating cavitation in the first-stage of a multistage LNG cryogenic submerged pump	4
Development of a multi-physic platform OLYMPE for magnet fusion design: Progresses update and applications	4
Results from neutron imaging phase change experiments with LH2 and LCH4	4

Concept and evaluation of energy-efficient boil-off gas reliquefiers in LNG carrier ships propelled by dual-fuel engines	4
Experimental and numerical study of a 3D-printed aluminium cryogenic heat exchanger for compact Brayton refrigerators	4
Laying of superconducting cable and cooling test on the field of subway	4
Improvement strategies for a low input power 4 K pulse tube cooler: Experiments and sage simulations	4
Testing high-precision electromechanical actuators used for adjustment of deployable antennas of astronomy space missions	4
Visualized Investigation of a Nitrogen Pulsating Heat Pipe	4
Performance comparison of sorption compressors for methane using metal-organic frameworks and activated carbon as adsorbents	4
Cryogenic performance of a compact high-effectiveness mesh-based counter-flow heat exchanger	4
Quench experiments on sub-size HTS Cable-In-Conduit Conductors for fusion applications: Data analysis and model validation	4
Contactless superconducting field exciter with active current control using hybrid magnet for high-temperature superconducting rotating machine	4
Thermal hydraulic characteristics of trans-critical natural gas flowing through staggered S-shaped fin microchannel	4
Measurement of apparent thermal conductivity of regenerator materials in 4–20 K temperature range	3
Numerical modeling of no vent filling of a cryogenic tank with thermodynamic vent system augmented injector	3
On the effect of strand damage on the operating margin of a Nb3Sn Rutherford cable	3
Leakage analysis of the metal-to-metal contact check valve for a cryogenic sorption compressor	3
Experimental measurements of contact resistivity between superconducting HTS tapes with or without metallic co-wound tape	3
Application of precooling stage in MR JT cryocoolers	3
Numerical simulation of heat transfer characteristics of supercritical liquid hydrogen through triangular U-tube in moderator	3
Design and optimization of the four-stage recuperative coiled tube-in-tube heat exchanger for a 1.8 K hybrid cryocooler	3
Direct cooling from the regenerators of Gifford-McMahon cryocoolers, with comparison to pulse tube refrigerators	3
Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect of R2Fe14B compounds with R = Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and High-Magnetic field phase transitions in the compounds with R = Gd, Dy	3
Friction factor of a forced-flow cooled HTS subsize-conductor for fusion magnets	3
Experimental investigation on helium valved linear compressors with different active offsets	3
Steady-state over-current safe operation area (SOA) of the SiC MOSFET at cryogenic and room temperatures	3
Specific liquid requirement to cool down cryogenic equipment	3
Development and experimental study of a high-efficiency helium twin-screw compressor	3
Influence of key parameters on the performance of a helium cryogenic system in refrigeration and liquefaction modes	3
Vibration control for mechanical cryocoolers	3
Development and testing of a cryogenic induction motor with a novel Dewar structure	3
Influence of Ag Doping on Thermal Conductivity and Magnetic Levitation of Single Grain YBCO Superconductors for High-Temperature Superconducting Maglev	3
Vapor-liquid equilibrium of light hydrocarbon multicomponent systems by solving the Rachford-Rice equation	3
Energy dissipated by spherical nanoparticles debonding in nanocomposites under cryogenic and steady state conditions	3
Numerical study on a two-stage large cooling capacity stirling cryocooler working at 20 K	3
Experimental study on cryogenic chilldown performance through a thick-wall tube	3
Influence of structured packing geometric parameters on flow and mass transfer performance of liquid nitrogen and oxygen for cryogenic distillation	3
Development of two-dimensional temperature field solution method based on the stress–strain response of 316LN stainless steel at cryogenic temperatures	3
Investigation of quench flow boiling heat transfer correlations for liquid oxygen feed line chill-down with outlet contraction	3
Preliminary development of emissivity measurement system at low temperature based on radiometric method	3
Modified Brayton refrigeration cycles for forced-flow cooling of HTS fusion system	3
Experimental validation of heat switch capability of cryogenic loop heat pipe	3
A bi-layer barrier design for 122-type iron-based superconducting wires and tapes	3
Transient modelling of pressure-controlled propellant crossfeed for liquid rocket	3
Variation in the superconducting properties of Bi1.75Pb0.25Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ in proximity with Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3	3
Design and optimization of heat exchanger in coaxial pulse tube cryocooler working above 100 K	3
Hydrogen gas gap heat switch operating in the 150 K to 400 K temperature range	3
Near field radiative heat transfer between macro-scale metallic surfaces at cryogenic temperatures	3
Critical bending wavelengths associated with current sharing temperature degradation in multistage twisted Nb3Sn cable CICC	3
Analysis and experimental investigation on the subcooling of liquid oxygen propellant	3
Investigations on a 2.2 K five-stage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler. Part A: Theoretical analyses and modeling	3
I-V characteristics of MgB2 conductors with different metallic sheaths	3
Performance analysis of double-stage perforated plate flowmeter for cryogenic fluids	3
A 20 K cryogen-free leak detection system for cryogenic valves by using a GM cryocooler	3
Development of a high capacity single stage GM cryocooler at 30 K range	3
Experimental study on the effect of aftercooler configuration on the performance of pulse tube cryocoolers	3
Optimal cooling configurations for quantum information processing at milli-kelvin temperatures	3
CFD study on film boiling features of cryogenic fluid influenced by heat structures and gravity levels	3
High-strength and high-toughness austenitic stainless steels based on type 316LN at 4.2 K	3
Cooling performance of Joule Thomson coolers with straight heat exchangers for space science missions	3
An active convective 4He	3
2 K Cryogenic system with the thermal switch for measuring electrical properties of insulation materials	3
Experimental study on a helium cryogenic closed loop two-phase thermosyphon with a long heat transport distance	3
Investigation of microhardness properties of the multi-walled carbon nanotube additive MgB2 structure by using the vickers method	2
Numerical study for the impact of current sharing effect upon dynamic behaviour of DC-carrying HTS coils under alternating magnetic fields	2
Thermal and electrical conductivity of magnetic refrigerant RT2 Laves compounds (R: Rare earth; T: Al, Ni) for magnetic refrigerator application	2
The effects of inclination on a two stage pulse tube cryocooler for use with a ground based observatory	2
Experimental and numerical investigations on continuous pressure drop characteristic of tube-in-tube recuperative heat exchanger for 1.8 K cooler	2
JT-60SA TF coil quench model and Analysis: Joule energy estimation with SuperMagnet and STREAM	2
Influence of fault current on electromagnetic-thermal characteristics of HTS coated conductors	2
Hydrodynamic resistance parameters of regenerator filler materials at cryogenic temperatures	2
A novel thermal bus architecture for large cryogenic space telescopes utilizing helium pulsating heat pipes	2
Thermodynamic optimization of 10–30 kA gas-cooled current leads with REBCO tapes for superconducting magnets at 20 K	2
Structure, design, and test of 13 kA HTS current lead	2
Visualization experimental and numerical study on multiphase flow characteristics of main cryogenic heat exchanger in offshore liquefied natural gas industry chain	2
Numerical study on suppression of thermoacoustic oscillation in cryogenic helium pipeline system	2
Magnetization AC losses of iron-based Ba-122 superconducting tapes	2
Application of Helium-Based oscillating heat pipes in cryogenic superconducting system	2
Thermodynamics of carbon dioxide mixtures at cryogenic conditions	2
Investigation on two-stage Stirling cooler driven by two independent displacers	2
Numerical investigation on the performance of a new type of perforated-serrated fins for plate-fin heat exchangers in cryogenic helium systems	2
Optimal power smoothing control for superconducting fault current limiter-magnetic energy storage system	2
Impact of geometrical surface modification on spray cooling heat transfer performance with liquid nitrogen: An experimental investigation	2
Design and fabrication of thermopower and electrical resistivity setup for bulk and thin film systems	2
Oxygen sensor errors in helium-air mixtures	2
Strain measurement by means of clip-on extensometers during discontinuous plastic flow at 4 K	2
The first millikelvin cryocooler (mKCC): Design and performance	2
Development and validation of the 4C thermal–hydraulic model of the ITER Central Solenoid modules	2
A field cooling method to increase the suspension force of HTS pinning maglev system	2
Fluorescent fiber-based identification of incipient discharges in liquid nitrogen	2
Modeling the thermodynamic behavior of cryo-compressed hydrogen tanks for trucks	2
Grain boundary deformation in uniaxial strained Nb3Sn	2
A mutual inductance sensor for cryogenic radial displacement measurement	2
Passive cooling in Aerogel-Based insulation systems for liquid hydrogen upper stage launch vehicle tanks	2
Thermal energy storage unit (TESU) design for high round-trip efficiency of liquid air energy storage (LAES)	2
Comparative study of three insulation materials installed on type C independent tank for offshore LNG transportation	2
System design and experimental verification of an internal insulation panel system for large-scale cryogenic wind tunnel	2