Biology of Reproduction

Papers
(The TQCC of Biology of Reproduction is 6. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-09-01 to 2025-09-01.)
ArticleCitations
SOX8 is essential for male sexual differentiation in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis79
Profiling of circulating extracellular vesicle microRNAs reveals diagnostic potential and pathways in non-obstructive and obstructive azoospermia74
Design of novel oocyte activation methods: the role of zinc51
Metabolic changes in female rats exposed to intrauterine hyperglycemia and postweaning consumption of high-fat diet50
Conceptus interferon gamma is essential for establishment of pregnancy in the pig45
Exercise enhances placental labyrinth trophoblast development by activation of PGC-1α and FNDC5/irisin44
The fluid factor OVGP1 provides a significant oviductal microenvironment for the reproductive process in golden hamster43
A case of hermaphroditism in the gonochoristic sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, reveals key mechanisms of sex determination39
Sertoli cells require TDP-43 to support spermatogenesis37
Sperm induce macrophage extracellular trap formation via phagocytosis-dependent mechanism34
A bovine 3D endometrium-on-a-chip reveals the role of conceptus-derived proteins, CAPG and PDI, in conceptus–endometrial communication33
Relationships of phototextural characteristics of ovine presumptive zygotes to their developmental potential in vitro31
The effects of bisphenol A and its analogs on steroidogenesis in MA-10 Leydig cells and KGN granulosa cells30
Physiological function of gut microbiota and metabolome on successful pregnancy and lactation in the captive Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis)29
Myometrial smooth muscle KATP channel activity is attenuated in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity during pregnancy28
Cervical immune activation during the luteal phase may compromise subsequent trans-cervical ram sperm transport28
OoCount: A Machine-Learning Based Approach to Mouse Ovarian Follicle Counting and Classification26
Genome activation in equine in vitro–produced embryos26
Signal regulatory protein alpha is a conserved marker for mouse and rat spermatogonial stem cells25
Single cell multiome analysis of the bovine placenta identifies gene regulatory networks in trophoblast differentiation25
Extracellular vesicle research in reproductive science: Paving the way for clinical achievements25
Fertility and early embryonic development in a CD46-edited Gir heifer with reduced susceptibility to BVDV24
Activity of arcuate kisspeptin/neurokinin B neurons and the melanocortin system during pubertal development in female sheep23
The potential effect of melatonin on in vitro oocyte maturation and embryo development in animals23
AKAP3-mediated type I PKA signaling is required for mouse sperm hyperactivation and fertility23
Polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics cause placental dysfunction in mice22
Melatonin-pretreated human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improved endometrium regeneration and fertility recovery through macrophage immunomodulation in rats with intrauterine adhesions22
Genetically engineered birds; pre-CRISPR and CRISPR era21
Sperm selection by the oviduct: perspectives for male fertility and assisted reproductive technologies21
METTL7A improves bovine IVF embryo competence by attenuating oxidative stress20
Comparison of assay methods for quantifying sex hormone concentrations across the menstrual cycle in rhesus macaques20
Membrane inflammasome activation by choriodecidual Ureaplasma parvum infection without intra-amniotic infection in a Non-Human Primate model20
Peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes and citrullinated proteins in female reproductive physiology and associated diseases19
mTOR signaling mediates energy metabolic equilibrium in bovine and mouse oocytes during the ovulatory phase19
Placental structure, function, and mitochondrial phenotype relate to fetal size in each fetal sex in mice19
MDSCs in pregnancy and pregnancy-related complications: an update19
Preserving Oocytes in Oncofertility19
Blocking serine protease activity prevents semenogelin degradation leading to hyperviscous semen in humans19
Activation of interleukin 33-NFκB axis in granulosa cells during atresia and its role in disposal of atretic follicles18
Lipid droplet synthesis is associated with angiogenesis in mouse ovarian follicles18
A decade of discovery: the stunning progress of premature ovarian insufficiency research in China17
TGF-β1 induced activations of Smad2 and miRNAs inhibit SF-1- and LRH-1-dependent CYP19 expression in rat Leydig cells17
Future of biomedical, agricultural, and biological systems research using domesticated animals17
Suppression of oocyte glycine transporter activity in mouse cumulus–oocyte complexes before resumption of meiosis17
Chemerin affects the cytokine production and the expression of their receptors in the porcine endometrium during early pregnancy and the estrous cycle: an in vitro study17
Sodium oligomannate’s amelioration of reproductive and metabolic phenotypes in a letrozole-induced PCOS-like mouse model depends on the gut microbiome17
Developmental programming: mechanisms of early exposure to real-life chemicals in biosolids on offspring ovarian dynamics16
Restricted mating windows and thrombospondin 2 gene deletion improve the precision of parturition timing in mice16
Delayed parenthood and its influence on offspring health: what have we learned from the mouse model16
Advances in haploid embryonic stem cell research16
Actions of WNT family member 5A to regulate characteristics of development of the bovine preimplantation embryo16
Genome-wide identification of transcriptional enhancers during human placental development and association with function, differentiation, and disease16
Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes the gonadal development of Pampus argenteus by regulating energy metabolism16
Mouse primary follicles experience slow growth rates after activation and progressive increases that influence the duration of the primary follicle phase15
Stuart B. Moss: a leader and advocate for the reproductive biology community15
Efficient cell chatting between embryo and uterus ensures embryo implantation15
Expression of microRNA let-7 in cleavage embryos modulates cell fate determination and formation of mouse blastocysts15
Activin A promotes hyaluronan production and upregulates versican expression in human granulosa cells15
Label-free, high-throughput holographic imaging to evaluate mammalian gametes and embryos15
Deconstructing human peri-implantation embryogenesis based on embryos and embryoids15
Overview of the Multispecies Ovary Tissue Histology Electronic Repository15
ESR1 mediates estrogen-induced feminization of genetic male Chinese soft-shelled turtle14
Extracellular vesicles contribute to EMT in adenomyosis by inducing macrophage polarization14
Ovarian sex steroid and epithelial control of immune responses in the uterus and oviduct: human and animal models14
FGF2, LIF, and IGF-1 supplementation improves mouse oocyte in vitro maturation via increased glucose metabolism14
Maternal undernutrition in the first eighty days of gestation negatively programs ovarian development in dairy calves14
Loss of CCDC188 causes male infertility with defects in the sperm head–neck connection in mice14
Identifying Established Human Placental Markers of Schizophrenia in Rodents after Gestational Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure13
Endometriosis: new insights and opportunities for relief of symptoms13
Allele-specific expression analysis reveals conserved and unique features of preimplantation development in equine ICSI embryos13
Transcriptomic profiling of neonatal mouse granulosa cells reveals new insights into primordial follicle activation13
Non-human primate models for understanding the impact of the microbiome on pregnancy and the female reproductive tract13
Pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β1 participates in promoting parturition related pathways in the ovoviviparous teleost black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)13
Sex differences in innate and adaptive immunity impact fetal, placental, and maternal health13
Vitamin D3 promotes fish oocyte development by directly regulating gonadal steroid hormone synthesis13
Artificial intelligence selection of viable oocytes from phase contrast images for in vitro maturation and fertilization13
BNC1 deficiency induces mitochondrial dysfunction-triggered spermatogonia apoptosis through the CREB/SIRT1/FOXO3 pathway: the therapeutic potential of nicotinamide riboside and metformin13
Combined treatment with IGF1, CoQ10, and melatonin improves the quality of bovine oocytes and heat-shocked blastocysts12
Ubiquitination of PFKFB4 by CHIP regulates glycolysis and progression in endometriosis12
ARHGEF15 in Sertoli cells contributes to germ cell development and testicular immune privilege12
The impact of perfluoroalkyl substances on pregnancy, birth outcomes, and offspring development: a review of data from mouse models12
Intronless Pabpc6 encodes a testis-specific, cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding protein but is dispensable for spermatogenesis in the mouse12
Dynamic cellular and molecular characteristics of spermatogenesis in the viviparous marine teleostSebastes schlegelii12
Consequences of varying methionine concentrations on development of the bovine embryo in vitro12
Non-coding RNA regulates the immune microenvironment in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA): new insights into immune mechanisms12
Collagen and elastic fiber remodeling in the pregnant mouse myometrium12
Regulation of mouse primordial follicle formation by signaling through the PI3K pathway12
Long non-coding RNAs: a summary of their roles in placenta development and pathology12
Effects of chronic dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene exposure on testosterone secretion and steroidogenic pathway in the male gonad12
Adenosylhomocysteinase plays multiple roles in maintaining the identity and pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells12
Coffee consumption during pregnancy increases the risk of preeclampsia in rats by inhibiting 2-methoxyestradiol production12
LINC01140/miR-200c-3p and LINC01550/miR-363-3p networks play pivotal role in orchestrating progression of endometriosis12
Progesterone and interferon tau regulate expression of polyamine enzymes during the ovine peri-implantation period12
Mt1 Expression Artifacts: A Caution to Cre Users12
Recent advances on the relationship between the delta-like noncanonical Notch ligand 1 system and central precocious puberty12
Endometrial and luteal responses to a prostaglandin F2alpha pulse: a comparison between heifers and mares12
Obese mice have decreased uterine contractility and altered energy metabolism in the uterus at term gestation12
Disruption of oocyte SUMOylation impacts critical regulatory processes during folliculogenesis in mice12
Morphological characterization of spermatogenesis and spermatogonial stem cells in Larimichthys crocea, a seasonal breeding teleost12
Evaluation of optimal trophoblastic models to mimic uterine vessel remodeling in human pregnancy12
The two-step process of ovarian follicular growth and maturation in mammals can be compared to a fruit ripening where quality depends on the second step12
A method for multiple sampling mouse sperm in vivo11
Oocyte mitochondria—key regulators of oocyte function and potential therapeutic targets for improving fertility11
New uses for an old technique: live imaging on the slice organ culture to study reproductive processes11
Correction to: SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling subunit Smarca4/BRG1 is essential for female fertility11
Decreased expression of GRIM-19 induces autophagy through the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway during adenomyosis11
Contraceptive and Infertility Target DataBase: a contraceptive drug development tool for targeting and analysis of human reproductive specific tissues†11
Transcriptional profiling of mucus production in rhesus macaque endocervical cells under hormonal regulation11
Identification of pathogenic mutations from nonobstructive azoospermia patients11
Human amniotic epithelial cells improve uterine spiral artery remodeling to ameliorate preeclampsia in a rat model11
Roles of histone post-translational modifications in meiosis11
Vitrification preserves oocyte transcriptome in a 3D in vitro follicle development and oocyte maturation system11
The koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) prostate: a comprehensive histological and immunohistochemical investigation11
Lipid signatures reflect the function of the murine primary placentation11
Melatonin modulates endometrial decidualization via NOTCH1–NRF2–FOXO1–GSH pathway11
Why is there an “oversupply” of human ovarian follicles?11
Dimethyl-α-cyclodextrin induces capacitation by removing phospholipids from the plasma membrane of mouse sperm11
Induced-ovulation in female dromedary camel involves kisspeptin neuron activation by β nerve growth factor11
Different expressions of aquaporin water channels and macrophages infiltration in human cervix remodeling during pregnancy11
Decreased NOTCH1 signaling activated autophagy in the mid-secretory endometrium of patients with recurrent implantation failure10
Improved evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential in bovine spermatozoa using JC-1 with flow cytometry10
An interview with Dr. Lois Salamonsen10
Chemotherapy induced oxidative stress in the ovary: drug-dependent mechanisms and potential interventions10
Early identification of bovine pregnancy status and embryonic mortality10
In vitro- and in vivo-produced male dairy calves show molecular differences in the hepatic and muscular energy regulation10
Celebrate the art of reproductive research with ReproBioArt!10
An interview with Professor Sally Camper10
A deep learning tissue classifier based on differential co-expression genes predicts the pregnancy outcomes of cattle10
Identification and characterization of a novel CD2-positive cell population in the seminiferous tubule of Fischer CDF344 rats10
Mapping the follicle-specific regulation of extracellular vesicle-mediated microRNA transport in the southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)10
Placental galectins: a subfamily of galectins lose the ability to bind β-galactosides with new structural features10
Protein glycosylation: bridging maternal–fetal crosstalk during embryo implantation10
Uterine cellular changes during mammalian pregnancy and the evolution of placentation10
Klinefelter syndrome: etiology and clinical considerations in male infertility10
The development of a preclinical swine model for endometriosis10
Effect of a neurokinin 3 receptor-selective agonist administration on the embryos recovered from superovulated cows10
Conventional natural killer cells control vascular remodeling in the uterus during pregnancy by acidifying the extracellular matrix with a2V10
Smoothened mediates medaka spermatogonia proliferation via Gli1–Rgcc–Cdk1 axis10
Maternal probiotic supplementation and effects on the fetal placenta10
Phosphatases modified by LH signaling in ovarian follicles: testing their role in regulating the NPR2 guanylyl cyclase10
Creatine metabolism at the uterine–conceptus interface during early gestation in sheep10
Metabolic characteristics of granulosa cell tumor: role of PPARγ signaling10
Challenges and strategies in the application of assisted reproductive technology in non-human primates: review10
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor promotes acrosome reaction via regulation of Ca2+ signaling in mouse sperm9
Excessive follicle-stimulating hormone during ovarian stimulation of cattle may induce premature luteinization of most ovulatory-size follicles9
Synchronizing spermatogenesis in the mouse9
Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the placenta9
Preliminary urinary profiles of prolactin during gestation and the synergistic effects of embryonic diapause hormones in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)9
SRA deficiency induces follicular dysplasia by disrupting the hypothalamic Kisspeptin-GPR54 system in mice9
Human trophoblast invasion and migration are mediated by the YAP1-CCN1 pathway: defective signaling in trophoblasts during early-onset severe preeclampsia9
Identifying sex-chromosome-linked determinants of sexual differentiation in a WZ-ZZ sex inheritance crustacean9
Two acquired mouse Y chromosome-linked genes,Prssly andTeyorf1, are dispensable for male fertility9
Rhox8 homeobox gene ablation leads to rete testis abnormality and male subfertility in mice9
Single-cell atlas of the pregnant equine endometrium before and after implantation9
Neurotensin expression, regulation, and function during the ovulatory period in the mouse ovary9
Programmed DNA elimination occurs during early gametogenesis in hybridogenetic hybrids from Hexagrammos genus9
Progesterone regulates endometrial expression of SLC6A9 to potentially increase glycine transport to the developing pig conceptus9
Reproductive & developmental toxicity of quaternary ammonium compounds9
The role of cholesterol/AlkB homolog 1/Integrin alpha 2b in thrombosis in the placental vessels of preeclampsia9
Two-directional trafficking of the IFT25 protein in the developing mouse sperm flagella9
KDM6A/UTX promotes spermatogenic gene expression across generations and is not required for male fertility9
Listeria monocytogenes infection in pregnant macaques alters the maternal gut microbiome8
Interaction of pre- and postnatal nutrition on expression of leptin receptor variants and transporter molecules, leptin transport, and functional response to leptin in heifers8
Regulation of synthesis of polyamines by progesterone, estradiol, and their receptors in uteri of cyclic ewes8
Compensatory mechanisms in response to induced hypothyroidism in the late gestation pig fetus8
Correction to: The pathogenesis of endometriosis and adenomyosis: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing8
Present state and future outlook for the application of in vitro oocyte maturation in human infertility treatment8
The fate of porcine sperm CRISP2 from the perinuclear theca before and after in vitro fertilization8
Mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH5 is required for mouse oocyte meiotic maturation8
Aquaporin 9 causes recurrent spontaneous abortion by inhibiting trophoblast cell epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and invasion through the PI3K/AKT pathway8
Multiple genes in the Pate5–13 genomic region contribute to ADAM3 processing8
The placenta as a target of opioid drugs8
Extracellular vesicles are involved in the paracrine communication between epithelial cells in different regions of the domestic cat epididymis8
Fetal hypoxia exposure induces Hif1a activation and autophagy in adult ovarian granulosa cells8
Potential of small extracellular vesicles as Cas9 delivery tool: A promising approach for gene editing livestock gametes and embryos8
Mettl3 downregulation in germinal vesicle oocytes inhibits mRNA decay and the first polar body extrusion during maturation8
Impact of DNAH3 deficiency on sperm energy metabolism and motility leading to asthenozoospermia8
Quantitative morphokinetic parameters identify novel dynamics of oocyte meiotic maturation and cumulus expansion8
Effects of the donor factors and freezing protocols on the bovine embryonic lipid profile8
Sodium thiosulfate does not protect ovarian reserve from cisplatin-induced gonadotoxicity8
Insulin Resistance in PCOS: Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Menstrual Dysfunction and Evidence-Based Treatment Strategies8
Inefficient Sox9 upregulation and absence of Rspo1 repression lead to sex reversal in the B6.XYTIR mouse gonad8
Gonadotropin secretion and ovarian response of KISS1 knockout gilts treated with hormone analogs activating the hypothalamic–pituitary-gonadal axis8
Oocyte transport against fluid flow to the fertilization site in mice: contributions of cilia beating and peristalsis8
An interview with Dr. Francesco J. DeMayo8
Primordial follicle activation: to be or not to be takes another twist8
An interview with Dr David Albertini7
Attenuation of Ampullary Anoctamin 1 by the peritoneal fluid in rhesus macaques with spontaneous endometriosis7
Chimeric PRMT6 protein produced by an endogenous retrovirus promoter regulates cell fate decision in mouse preimplantation embryos7
Recapitulating folliculogenesis and oogenesis outside the body: encapsulated in vitro follicle growth7
Protease expression in the human and rat cumulus–oocyte complex during the periovulatory period: a role in cumulus–oocyte complex migration7
The improvement of inflammatory infiltration and pregnancy outcome in mice with recurrent spontaneous abortion by human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells7
Riding the wave: reproductive biology in China7
Testis-specific serine protease PRSS54 regulates acrosomal granule localization and sperm head morphogenesis in mice7
Adverse neonatal outcomes are associated with a sex-specific placental inflammatory profile7
Coiled-coil domain containing 159 is required for spermatid head and tail assembly in mice7
Applying a novel kinomics approach to study decidualization and the effects of antigestagens using a canine model7
Correction to: In vitro maturation of oocytes: what is already known?7
Environmental toxins and reproductive health: unraveling the effects on Sertoli cells and the blood–testis barrier in animals7
Successful in vitro fertilization in the horse: production of blastocysts and birth of foals after prolonged sperm incubation for capacitation7
Maternal high-fat, high-sucrose diet-induced excess adiposity is linked to placental hypoxia and disruption of fetoplacental immune homeostasis in late gestation7
Viewing early life without labels: optical approaches for imaging the early embryo7
Placental expression of estrogen-related receptor gamma is reduced in fetal growth restriction pregnancies and is mediated by hypoxia7
Structural analysis of the female reptile reproductive system by micro-computed tomography and optical coherence tomography7
Correction to: The effects of heat stress on intrauterine development, reproductive function, and ovarian gene expression of F1 female mice as well as gene expression of F2 embryos7
Generation and characterization of human Fetal membrane and Decidual cell lines for reproductive biology experiments7
VEGFA165 can rescue excess steroid secretion, inflammatory markers, and follicle arrest in the ovarian cortex of High A4 cows7
Mapping developmental paths of monkey primordial germ-like cells differentiation from pluripotent stem cells by single cell ribonucleic acid sequencing analysis7
Klotho-gonadal hormone crosstalk in male and female reproduction7
Activation of the Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (CHRNA7) Limits Hypoxia-induced Inflammatory Responses and Regulates Collagens in Cultured Human Granulosa Cells7
TUB-like protein 2, a substrate of CCT8, is essential for the intraflagellar transport during spermiogenesis in mice7
The role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in mediating the effects of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in mouse ovarian antral follicles7
Characterization of carbohydrate metabolism in in vivo- and in vitro-grown and matured mouse antral follicles7
Correction to: Activation of HAND2-FGFR signaling pathway by lncRNA HAND2-AS1 in adenomyosis7
miR-26a-5p and miR-125b-5p affect trophoblast genes and cell functions important during early pregnancy7
Diverse roles of stress-responsive RNP granules in oogenesis and infertility7
Extracellular vesicles from mouse trophoblast cells: Effects on neural progenitor cells and potential participants in the placenta–brain axis6
Luteinizing hormone receptor promotes angiogenesis in ovarian endothelial cells ofMacaca fascicularisandHomo sapiens6
Corrigendum to: High altitude exposure affects male reproductive parameters: could it also affect the prostate?6
The single and combined effects of decabromodiphenyl ethane and mixed microplastics on male mice reproductive toxicity6
Risk of pathogenic virus transmission by somatic cell nuclear transfer: implications for xenotransplantation6
Vitrification preserves follicular transcriptomic dynamics during ex vivo ovulation6
Whole-genome transcriptome and DNA methylome analyses reveal molecular abnormalities during the oocyte-to-embryo transition in preimplantation embryos derived from prepubertal lamb oocytes6
Early preantral follicles of the domestic cat express gonadotropin and sex steroid signaling potential6
Visfatin exerts an anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect in the human placenta cells6
Stromal cells of the endometrium and decidua: in search of a name and an identity6
Slit1 inhibits ovarian follicle development and female fertility in mice6
RNA splicing and alternative polyadenylation profile during sheep zygotic genome activation6
Follicular fluid progesterone downregulated HPGD and COX2 in granulosa cells via suppressing NF-ĸB in endometriosis6
SIRT1 plays an important role in implantation and decidualization during mouse early pregnancy6
Oxidation of thiol groups in membrane proteins inhibits the fertilization ability and motility of sperm by suppressing calcium influx6
The nuclear transport factor IPO5 revealed as a critical mediator of male germline development6
Microplastics and impaired male reproductive health—exploring biological pathways of harm: a narrative review6
H2S donor GYY4137 mitigates sFlt-1-induced hypertension and vascular dysfunction in pregnant rats6
Calpain7 negatively regulates human endometrial stromal cell decidualization in EMs by promoting FoxO1 nuclear exclusion via hydrolyzing AKT16
Dysregulation of MTFR2, ATP5IF1 and BAK1 in Sertoli cells relates to idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia via inhibiting mitochondrial fission and inducing mitochondrial dysfunction6
Spatiotemporal expression and regulation of adenosine receptors and the role of adenosine signaling at the maternal–conceptus interface in pigs6
Testing the function of phosphoprotein phosphatases modified by luteinizing hormone signaling in mouse ovarian follicles: an update6
Placental insufficiency and heavier placentas in sheep after suppressing CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling during implantation6
Dietary exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate for 6 months alters markers of female reproductive aging in mice6
Small extracellular vesicles derived from the crosstalk between early embryos and the endometrium potentially mediate corpus luteum function6
Bta-miR-301a targets ACVR1 to influence cleavage time and blastocyst formation rate of early embryos in cattle6
SCGB1D4 downregulation links to fibrosis in intrauterine adhesion patients and rat models6
Developing a reproducible protocol for culturing functional confluent monolayers of differentiated equine oviduct epithelial cells6
Decoding recurrent pregnancy loss: insights from comparative proteomics studies6
Impact of metritis and systemic antibiotic treatment on the biology and morphology of the bovine uterus at one month postpartum6
Effect of gestational age and fetal sex on metabolism of creatine by uteri, placentae, and fetuses of pigs6
Involvement of cathepsin L in the degradation and degeneration of postovulatory follicle of the medaka ovary6
Luteinizing hormone stimulates ingression of mural granulosa cells within the mouse preovulatory follicle6
Inflammation during oocyte maturation reduces developmental competence and increases apoptosis in blastocysts6
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