Archives of Disease in Childhood

Article	Citations
Why is COVID-19 less severe in children? A review of the proposed mechanisms underlying the age-related difference in severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections	334
Global incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis	176
Longitudinal increases in childhood depression symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown	156
Clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of paediatric COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis	148
Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) in children: a modified Delphi process	130
Systematic review of reviews of symptoms and signs of COVID-19 in children and adolescents	118
New-onset type 1 diabetes in Finnish children during the COVID-19 pandemic	92
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children: a prospective multicentre cohort study	92
COVID-19 related increase in childhood tics and tic-like attacks	91
Should children be vaccinated against COVID-19?	84
Indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric healthcare use and severe disease: a retrospective national cohort study	71
Young people’s advisory groups in health research: scoping review and mapping of practices	60
Examining the interseasonal resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus in Western Australia	54
Association between suicide behaviours in children and adolescents and the COVID-19 lockdown in Paris, France: a retrospective observational study	52
Examining the entire delayed respiratory syncytial virus season in Western Australia	44
COVID-19 in children treated with immunosuppressive medication for kidney diseases	43
Paediatric tic-like presentations during the COVID-19 pandemic	42
Noonan syndrome: improving recognition and diagnosis	41
School-aged neurodevelopmental outcomes for children born extremely preterm	40
Should children be vaccinated against COVID-19 now?	37
Priorities for the child public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic recovery in England	37
‘Do I, don’t I?’ A qualitative study addressing parental perceptions about seeking healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic	37
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine childhood immunisation in Colombia	36
Differentiating multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a single-centre retrospective cohort study	34
Intimate partner violence and child outcomes at age 10: a pregnancy cohort	33

Benefits of dietary fibre for children in health and disease	32
COVID-19 pandemic: health inequities in children and youth	29
Ultrasound for the diagnosis of malrotation and volvulus in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis	28
Use of rituximab in paediatric nephrology	25
Prevalence of thrombotic complications in children with SARS-CoV-2	24
Sharing a household with children and risk of COVID-19: a study of over 300 000 adults living in healthcare worker households in Scotland	24
Social communication skill attainment in babies born during the COVID-19 pandemic: a birth cohort study	23
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: an overview of current evidence and activities in the UK	23
Caring for critically ill adults in paediatric intensive care units in England during the COVID-19 pandemic: planning, implementation and lessons for the future	22
Place of death of children and young adults with a life-limiting condition in England: a retrospective cohort study	21
RSV bronchiolitis season 2021 has arrived, so be prepared!	21
Health of mothers of children with a life-limiting condition: a comparative cohort study	20
Social and ethnic group differences in healthcare use by children aged 0–14 years: a population-based cohort study in England from 2007 to 2017	20
Pharmacokinetics and safety/tolerability of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide in children and adolescents treated for tuberculous meningitis	19
Development of an international standard set of patient-centred outcome measures for overall paediatric health: a consensus process	19
Legacy of COVID-19 infection in children: long-COVID will have a lifelong health/economic impact	19
Waning infant pertussis during COVID-19 pandemic	18
Risk factors for asthma attacks and poor control in children: a prospective observational study in UK primary care	18
Neurodevelopment in normocephalic children with and without prenatal Zika virus exposure	18
Discharge outcome analysis of 1089 transgender young people referred to paediatric endocrine clinics in England 2008–2021	18
Experiences of healthcare, including palliative care, of children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions and their families: a longitudinal qualitative investigation	17
Unravelling the role of the mandatory use of face covering masks for the control of SARS-CoV-2 in schools: a quasi-experimental study nested in a population-based cohort in Catalonia (Spain)	17
COVID-19 in children with haematological malignancies	17
Child mortality in England during the COVID-19 pandemic	17
National rates and disparities in childhood vaccination and vaccine-preventable disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: English sentinel network retrospective database study	16
Bronchiolitis and SARS-CoV-2	16
Low-dose or no aspirin administration in acute-phase Kawasaki disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review	16
Post-COVID-19 paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome: association of ethnicity, key worker and socioeconomic status with risk and severity	15
Social distancing measures for COVID-19 are changing winter season	15
Friedreich’s ataxia-associated childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a national cohort study	15
CONservative TReatment of Appendicitis in Children: a randomised controlled feasibility Trial (CONTRACT)	15
School academic performance of children hospitalised with a chronic condition	15
Antibiotic use in ambulatory care for acutely ill children in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis	15
General population screening for childhood type 1 diabetes: is it time for a UK strategy?	14
Gestational age at birth and child special educational needs: a UK representative birth cohort study	14
Paediatric severe asthma biologics service: from hospital to home	14
Improvement in time to treatment, but not time to diagnosis, in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type I	13
Factors associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in hospitalised children: a retrospective analysis	13
Clinical management of sickle cell liver disease in children and young adults	13
Review and future directions for PIMS-TS (MIS-C)	13
Characteristics and predictors of persistent symptoms post-COVID-19 in children and young people: a large community cross-sectional study in England	13
Increased admissions to paediatric wards with a primary mental health diagnosis: results of a survey of a network of eating disorder paediatricians in England	13
Outcomes at five to eight years of age for children with Hirschsprung’s disease	13
Randomised controlled trial of fosfomycin in neonatal sepsis: pharmacokinetics and safety in relation to sodium overload	13
Child poverty and health inequalities in the UK: a guide for paediatricians	13
Recovery from chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review—heterogeneity of definition limits study comparison	12
Development and validation of a prediction model for invasive bacterial infections in febrile children at European Emergency Departments: MOFICHE, a prospective observational study	12
Influence of epidemics and pandemics on paediatric ED use: a systematic review	12
Daytime urotherapy in nocturnal enuresis: a randomised, controlled trial	12
Graves’ disease: moving forwards	12

Continuous positive airway pressure for children in resource-limited settings, effect on mortality and adverse events: systematic review and meta-analysis	11
Tics, TikTok and COVID-19	11
Child mortality in England during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic	11
Pierre Robin sequence causes position-dependent obstructive sleep apnoea in infants	11
Antibiotic exposure during pregnancy and childhood asthma: a national birth cohort study investigating timing of exposure and mode of delivery	11
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentre international study	11
Reducing negative emotions in children using social robots: systematic review	11
Case for change: a standardised inpatient paediatric early warning system in England	10
Initial experience of the safety and tolerability of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-Bio-N-Tech) vaccine in extremely vulnerable children aged 12–15 years	10
Retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell layer changes in children who recovered from COVID-19: a cohort study	10
Dexmedetomidine improves success of paediatric MRI sedation	10
WHO essential medicines for children 2011–2019: age-appropriateness of enteral formulations	10
Digital tools to improve parenting behaviour in low-income settings: a mixed-methods feasibility study	10
Household economic burden of childhood severe pneumonia in Bangladesh: a cost-of-illness study	10
Rise in children presenting with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic	10
Post-COVID-19 condition at 6 months and COVID-19 vaccination in non-hospitalised children and young people	10
Clinical impact of a gastrointestinal PCR panel in children with infectious diarrhoea	9
Emergency and perioperative management of adrenal insufficiency in children and young people: British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes consensus guidance	9
What is new in migraine management in children and young people?	9
Perinatal outcomes among births to women with infection during pregnancy	9
COVID-19 infections following physical school reopening	9
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in the British Isles	9
Clinical guidelines for children and adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria or incongruence: a systematic review of guideline quality (part 1)	9
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators for cystic fibrosis: a new dawn?	9
Adjuvant corticosteroids for prevention of kidney scarring in children with acute pyelonephritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis	9
New treatments in spinal muscular atrophy	9
COVID-19 in Malawi: lessons in pandemic preparedness from a tertiary children’s hospital	9
Description and evaluation of a pathway for unaccompanied asylum-seeking children	9
Future of machine learning in paediatrics	9
Validating clinical practice guidelines for the management of febrile infants presenting to the emergency department in the UK and Ireland	9
Children living with disabilities are neglected in severe malnutrition protocols: a guideline review	9
First do no harm: practitioners’ ability to ‘diagnose’ system weaknesses and improve safety is a critical initial step in improving care quality	9
Facilitators and barriers to the delivery of palliative care to children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions: a qualitative study of the experiences and perceptions of healthcare profes	9
Trajectories of transgender adolescents referred for endocrine intervention in England	9
Vitamin D deficiency in South-East Asian children: a systematic review	9
Klinefelter syndrome: going beyond the diagnosis	9
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances for young people	9
Inflammatory bowel disease: recent developments	9
Epidemiology of paediatric injuries in Nepal: evidence from emergency department injury surveillance	8
Robustness of reported postacute health outcomes in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review	8
Acute kidney injury in paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) is not associated with progression to chronic kidney disease	8
Informed consent and assent guide for paediatric clinical trials in Europe	8
Changes in UK paediatric long-term ventilation practice over 10 years	8
Extensive use of on-pack promotional claims on commercial baby foods in the UK	8
Managing challenges in congenital CMV: current thinking	8
Effect of asthma education on health outcomes in children: a systematic review	8
Foreign body ingestion in children: a magnet epidemic within a pandemic	8
Exercise training in paediatric congenital heart disease: fit for purpose?	8
Recommendations by the European Network of Paediatric Research at the European Medicines Agency (Enpr-EMA) Working Group on preparedness of clinical trials about paediatric medicines process	8
Implications of a highly transmissible variant of SARS-CoV-2 for children	8
Diet and development among children aged 36–59 months in low-income countries	8
Acceptability of different oral dosage forms in paediatric patients in hospital setting	8
Association of childhood tracheomalacia with bronchiectasis: a case–control study	8
Infliximab for intensification of primary therapy for patients with Kawasaki disease and coronary artery aneurysms at diagnosis	8
Improved diet quality, a missing ingredient for accelerating stunting reduction: an example from Ethiopia	8
Paediatric narcolepsy: a review of diagnosis and management	8
Sickle cell disease in children: an update of the evidence in low- and middle-income settings	8
High-flow oxygen therapy in moderate to severe bronchiolitis: a randomised controlled trial	8
Treating nontuberculous mycobacteria in children with cystic fibrosis: a multicentre retrospective study	8
Feeding disorders in children with oesophageal atresia: a cross-sectional study	8
Fraudulent participants in qualitative child health research: identifying and reducing bot activity	8
Incidence and aetiology of infant Gram-negative bacteraemia and meningitis: systematic review and meta-analysis	8
Use of peripheral vasoactive drug infusions during the critical care transport of children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection	7
Cardiopulmonary fitness in children with asthma versus healthy children	7
Microcephaly in Australian children, 2016–2018: national surveillance study	7
Effective healthcare communication with children and young people: a systematic review of barriers and facilitators	7
World Health Organization and knowledge translation in maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition	7
Gestational age and risk of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study	7
Priorities for child health research across the UK and Ireland	7
Longitudinal effects of breast feeding on parent-reported child behaviour	7
Reduction of ileocolic intussusception under sedation or anaesthesia: a systematic review of complications	7
Five-year follow-up of new cases after a coeliac disease mass screening	7
Feasibility of developing children’s Pill School within a UK hospital	7
Ethical issues in treatment of babies born at 22 weeks of gestation	7
Low-level laser therapy for oral mucositis in children with cancer	7
Keeping young people connected during COVID-19: the role of online groups	7
Call for a universal PIMS-TS/MIS-C case definition	7
Morphine or hydromorphone: which should be preferred? A systematic review	7
Impact of the Step-by-Step on febrile infants	7
Inconsistencies in fertility preservation for young people with cancer in the UK	7

Trends in weight loss attempts among children in England	6
Childhood, teenage and young adult cancer diagnosis during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based observational cohort study in England	6
Epidemiology of Robin sequence in the UK and Ireland: an active surveillance study	6
Assessment of parental decision making in congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy and heart transplantation: an observational study analysing decisional characteristics and preferences	6
Vulval (Lipschütz) ulcers in young females associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination: case series	6
Community seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents in England, 2019–2021	6
Impact of COVID-19 on carers of children with tracheostomies	6
Do you know when the inhaler is empty?	6
Can TEN4 distinguish bruises from abuse, inherited bleeding disorders or accidents?	6
Birth prevalence of anorectal malformations in England and 5-year survival: a national birth cohort study	6
Monkeypox and children	6
Vancomycin-associated acute kidney injury epidemiology in children: a systematic review	6
Pulse oximetry respiratory monitoring for assessment of acute childhood wheeze	6
Clinical law: what do paediatricians want to know?	6
Consulting with young people: informing guidelines for children’s palliative care	6
Haemoglobin and red blood cell reference intervals during infancy	6
Experiences of adolescents living with Silver-Russell syndrome	6
Bibliography of published COVID-19 in children literature	6
Head circumference may be the best proxy for neurodevelopmental risk in children in low-resource settings	6
Diagnostic test accuracy of dipstick urinalysis for diagnosing urinary tract infection in febrile infants attending the emergency department	6
Epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes of incident tuberculosis in children in Canada in 2013–2016: results of a national surveillance study	6
Insights from and limitations of data linkage studies: analysis of short-stay urgent admission referral source from routinely collected Scottish data	6
‘Growth hormone deficiency’ or rather ‘short stature unresponsive to stimulation tests’?	6
Feeding children with neurodisability: challenges and practicalities	6
Advanced chronic kidney disease among UK children	6
Palliative care for children with complex cardiac conditions: survey results	6
Perceptions of non-successful families attending a weight-management clinic	6
Diagnosing early-onset neonatal sepsis in low-resource settings: development of a multivariable prediction model	6
Interventions to suppress puberty in adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria or incongruence: a systematic review	6
Postoperative morbidities with infant cardiac surgery and toddlers’ neurodevelopment	6
For children admitted to hospital, what interventions improve medication safety on ward rounds? A systematic review	6
Paediatric brain MRI findings following congenital heart surgery: a systematic review	6
Features of the transposed seasonality of the 2021 RSV epidemic in the UK and Ireland: analysis of the first 10 000 patients	6
Looking beyond: complex holistic care needs of Syrian and Iraqi refugee children and adolescents	5
Children presenting with diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis to Emergency Departments during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK and Ireland: an international retrospective observational study	5
Why are certain age bands used for children in paediatric studies of medicines?	5
Smartphone videos to predict the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea	5
Evidence-based practice in cognitive–behavioural therapy	5
Interventions to reduce acute paediatric hospital admissions: a systematic review	5
Training packages for the use of child development tools in low/middle-income countries: a review	5
SARS-CoV-2 transmission in schools in Korea: nationwide cohort study	5
Work of a paediatric bioethics centre during the COVID-19 pandemic first phase	5
Stressors and support system among parents of neonates hospitalised with systemic infections: qualitative study in South India	5
Global trends in adolescents’ road traffic injury mortality, 1990–2019	5
Identifying and preventing fraudulent participation in qualitative research	5
Delivering tertiary tuberculosis care virtually	5
Growth and adrenarche: findings from the CATS observational study	5
Does screen time affect recovery from concussion in adolescents?	5
Febrile young infants with abnormal urine dipstick at low risk of invasive bacterial infection	5
Clinical ethics: consent for vaccination in children	5
How to do no harm: empowering local leaders to make care safer in low-resource settings	5
Parent-reported factors associated with the emergency department presentation of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and/or intellectual disability with behaviours of concern: a qua	5
COVID-19 vaccine given to children with comorbidities in England, December 2020–June 2021	5
Improved renal allograft survival for pre-emptive paediatric renal transplant recipients in the UK	5
Contemporary aetiologies of medical complexity in children: a cohort study	5
Impact of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder on families	5
Blood enterovirus polymerase chain reaction testing in young febrile infants	5
Developmental and behavioural outcomes at 2 years in babies born during the COVID-19 pandemic: communication concerns in a pandemic birth cohort	5
Oral and Swallowing Abilities Tool (OrSAT) in nusinersen treated patients	5
Population-based surveillance of severe microcephaly and congenital Zika syndrome in Canada	5
Paediatric health-related quality of life in congenital cytomegalovirus	5
Risk factors for intellectual disability in children with spastic cerebral palsy	4
Implementing spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide testing in childhood asthma management in UK primary care: an observational study to examine training and implementation cost and impact on	4
Incidence and aetiology of Danish children with community-acquired pneumonia treated with chest tube drainage in 2022–2023 versus the previous three decades	4
Gene therapy for neuromuscular disorders: prospects and ethics	4
Safeguarding in the COVID-19 pandemic: a UK tertiary children’s hospital experience	4
Impact of intrapartum antibiotics on the infant gastrointestinal microbiome: a narrative review	4
Use of healthcare services before diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a population-based matched case-control study	4
Infant fat mass and later child and adolescent health outcomes: a systematic review	4
Impaired grip strength in children with congenital heart disease	4
Improving triage for children with comorbidity using the ED-PEWS: an observational study	4
Association of maternal risk factors with infant maltreatment: an administrative data cohort study	4
Care bundles to reduce unplanned extubation in critically ill children: a systematic review, critical appraisal and meta-analysis	4
World variation in head circumference for children from birth to 5 years and a comparison with the WHO standards	4
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: parent/carer perceptions of barriers to healthcare access	4
Time to normalisation of tissue transglutaminase in paediatric coeliac disease is dependent on initial titre and half of patients will normalise within 12 months	4
Unnecessary hospitalisations and polypharmacy practices in Tajikistan: a health system evaluation for strengthening primary healthcare	4
Effectiveness of nirsevimab immunoprophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus-related outcomes in hospital and primary care settings: a retrospective cohort study in infants in Catalonia (Spain)	4
Are children with prolonged fever at a higher risk for serious illness? A prospective observational study	4
Opening doors: suggested practice for medical professionals for when a child might be close to telling about abuse	4
Early weight gain influences duration of breast feeding: prospective cohort study	4
Effect of early childhood development interventions delivered by healthcare providers to improve cognitive outcomes in children at 0–36 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis	4
Piercing issue: a 10-year single-centre experience of magnet ingestion in children	4
Self-management support for young people living with fluctuating chronic diseases	4
Paediatric headbox as aerosol and droplet barrier	4
Rate and severity of radiological features of physical abuse in children during the first UK-wide COVID-19 enforced national lockdown	4
Celebration of a century of insulin therapy in children with type 1 diabetes	4
Novel strategy to personalise use of ibuprofen for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates	4
Masculinising and feminising hormone interventions for adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria or incongruence: a systematic review	4
Facemasks during COVID-19 and the importance of smiles in developmental assessment	4
Puberty blockers in gender dysphoria: an international perspective	4
Quality of life of children treated for unilateral hearing loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis	4
Sweat conductivity for diagnosing cystic fibrosis after positive newborn screening: prospective, diagnostic test accuracy study	4
Assessing the optimal time interval between growth measurements using a combined data set of weights and heights from 5948 infants	4
Remember the heart: neonatal myocarditis	4