Archives of Disease in Childhood

Article	Citations
Why is COVID-19 less severe in children? A review of the proposed mechanisms underlying the age-related difference in severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections	325
Global incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis	158
Longitudinal increases in childhood depression symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown	151
COVID-19 in children: analysis of the first pandemic peak in England	146
Clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of paediatric COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis	138
Outbreak of anorexia nervosa admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic	136
Rise in the incidence of abusive head trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic	126
Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) in children: a modified Delphi process	122
Systematic review of reviews of symptoms and signs of COVID-19 in children and adolescents	113
Reopening schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: governments must balance the uncertainty and risks of reopening schools against the clear harms associated with prolonged closure	111
COVID-19 related increase in childhood tics and tic-like attacks	90
New-onset type 1 diabetes in Finnish children during the COVID-19 pandemic	90
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children: a prospective multicentre cohort study	86
Role of children in household transmission of COVID-19	83
Should children be vaccinated against COVID-19?	82
Indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric healthcare use and severe disease: a retrospective national cohort study	65
Vaccine hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries: potential implications for the COVID-19 response	58
Young people’s advisory groups in health research: scoping review and mapping of practices	56
Examining the interseasonal resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus in Western Australia	51
Association between suicide behaviours in children and adolescents and the COVID-19 lockdown in Paris, France: a retrospective observational study	50
Reduced PICU respiratory admissions during COVID-19	47
COVID-19 in children treated with immunosuppressive medication for kidney diseases	41
Examining the entire delayed respiratory syncytial virus season in Western Australia	40
Paediatric tic-like presentations during the COVID-19 pandemic	40
Should children be vaccinated against COVID-19 now?	37

School-aged neurodevelopmental outcomes for children born extremely preterm	37
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine childhood immunisation in Colombia	36
Young people’s views on their role in the COVID-19 pandemic and society’s recovery from it	35
Noonan syndrome: improving recognition and diagnosis	35
‘Do I, don’t I?’ A qualitative study addressing parental perceptions about seeking healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic	33
Intimate partner violence and child outcomes at age 10: a pregnancy cohort	31
Differentiating multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a single-centre retrospective cohort study	31
Priorities for the child public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic recovery in England	30
Breaking bad news: what parents would like you to know	29
Achondroplasia Foramen Magnum Score: screening infants for stenosis	28
Racial discrimination and socioemotional and sleep problems in a cross-sectional survey of Australian school students	27
COVID-19 pandemic: health inequities in children and youth	27
Challenges in clinical trials for children and young people	25
Ultrasound for the diagnosis of malrotation and volvulus in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis	25
Benefits of dietary fibre for children in health and disease	24
Paediatric snakebite envenoming: recognition and management of cases	24
Impact of COVID-19 on diagnosis and management of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease during lockdown: a UK nationwide study	24
Use of rituximab in paediatric nephrology	24
Sharing a household with children and risk of COVID-19: a study of over 300 000 adults living in healthcare worker households in Scotland	24
Prevalence of thrombotic complications in children with SARS-CoV-2	23
Paediatric critical care referrals of children with diabetic ketoacidosis during the COVID-19 pandemic	22
Social communication skill attainment in babies born during the COVID-19 pandemic: a birth cohort study	22
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: an overview of current evidence and activities in the UK	22
RSV bronchiolitis season 2021 has arrived, so be prepared!	21
Caring for critically ill adults in paediatric intensive care units in England during the COVID-19 pandemic: planning, implementation and lessons for the future	21
Extreme prematurity, growth and neurodevelopment at 8 years: a cohort study	20
Thiamine-responsive acute severe pulmonary hypertension in exclusively breastfeeding infants: a prospective observational study	19
Development of an international standard set of patient-centred outcome measures for overall paediatric health: a consensus process	19
Changes in the UK baby food market surveyed in 2013 and 2019: the rise of baby snacks and sweet/savoury foods	19
Oxygen uptake efficiency slope: a reliable surrogate parameter for exercise capacity in healthy and cardiac children?	19
Pharmacokinetics and safety/tolerability of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide in children and adolescents treated for tuberculous meningitis	19
Place of death of children and young adults with a life-limiting condition in England: a retrospective cohort study	19
Neurodevelopment in normocephalic children with and without prenatal Zika virus exposure	18
Legacy of COVID-19 infection in children: long-COVID will have a lifelong health/economic impact	18
Child mortality in England during the COVID-19 pandemic	18
Singapore Undiagnosed Disease Program: Genomic Analysis aids Diagnosis and Clinical Management	18
Waning infant pertussis during COVID-19 pandemic	18
Accuracy of PECARN rule for predicting serious bacterial infection in infants with fever without a source	17
Social and ethnic group differences in healthcare use by children aged 0–14 years: a population-based cohort study in England from 2007 to 2017	17
Risk factors for asthma attacks and poor control in children: a prospective observational study in UK primary care	17
Cardiac-associated biliary atresia (CABA): a prognostic subgroup	16
Unravelling the role of the mandatory use of face covering masks for the control of SARS-CoV-2 in schools: a quasi-experimental study nested in a population-based cohort in Catalonia (Spain)	16
Height of fever and invasive bacterial infection	16
Bronchiolitis and SARS-CoV-2	16
COVID-19 in children with haematological malignancies	16
Discharge outcome analysis of 1089 transgender young people referred to paediatric endocrine clinics in England 2008–2021	15
Health of mothers of children with a life-limiting condition: a comparative cohort study	15
Paediatric snakebite envenoming: the world’s most neglected ‘Neglected Tropical Disease’?	15
Gestational age at birth and child special educational needs: a UK representative birth cohort study	14
Primary adjunctive corticosteroid therapy is associated with improved outcomes for patients with Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms at diagnosis	14

Self-administration of adrenaline for anaphylaxis during in-hospital food challenges improves health-related quality of life	14
Experiences of healthcare, including palliative care, of children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions and their families: a longitudinal qualitative investigation	14
Post-COVID-19 paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome: association of ethnicity, key worker and socioeconomic status with risk and severity	14
Predictive value of indicators for identifying child maltreatment and intimate partner violence in coded electronic health records: a systematic review and meta-analysis	14
CONservative TReatment of Appendicitis in Children: a randomised controlled feasibility Trial (CONTRACT)	14
School academic performance of children hospitalised with a chronic condition	14
Social distancing measures for COVID-19 are changing winter season	14
Outcomes at five to eight years of age for children with Hirschsprung’s disease	13
Child poverty and health inequalities in the UK: a guide for paediatricians	13
Friedreich’s ataxia-associated childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a national cohort study	13
Paediatric severe asthma biologics service: from hospital to home	13
General population screening for childhood type 1 diabetes: is it time for a UK strategy?	13
National rates and disparities in childhood vaccination and vaccine-preventable disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: English sentinel network retrospective database study	13
Increased admissions to paediatric wards with a primary mental health diagnosis: results of a survey of a network of eating disorder paediatricians in England	13
Improvement in time to treatment, but not time to diagnosis, in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type I	12
COVID-19 in children with chronic kidney disease: findings from the UK renal registry	12
Low-dose or no aspirin administration in acute-phase Kawasaki disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review	12
Recovery from chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review—heterogeneity of definition limits study comparison	12
Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): the Evelina Experience	12
Review and future directions for PIMS-TS (MIS-C)	12
Cystic fibrosis newborn screening: the importance of bloodspot sample quality	12
Development and validation of a prediction model for invasive bacterial infections in febrile children at European Emergency Departments: MOFICHE, a prospective observational study	12
Addendum to: Children are not COVID-19 super spreaders: time to go back to school	12
Clinical features to distinguish meningitis among young infants at a rural Kenyan hospital	12
Solar-powered oxygen, quality improvement and child pneumonia deaths: a large-scale effectiveness study	12
Antibiotic use in ambulatory care for acutely ill children in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis	12
Continuous positive airway pressure for children in resource-limited settings, effect on mortality and adverse events: systematic review and meta-analysis	11
Tics, TikTok and COVID-19	11
Graves’ disease: moving forwards	11
Child mortality in England during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic	11
Use of oximetry to screen for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea: is one night enough and is 6 hours too much?	11
Clinical management of sickle cell liver disease in children and young adults	11
Impact of oral corticosteroids on respiratory outcomes in acute preschool wheeze: a randomised clinical trial	11
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentre international study	11
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global child health: joint statement of the International Child Health Group and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health	11
Daytime urotherapy in nocturnal enuresis: a randomised, controlled trial	11
Reducing negative emotions in children using social robots: systematic review	11
Disability and visual outcomes following suspected abusive head trauma in children under 2 years	10
Antibiotic exposure during pregnancy and childhood asthma: a national birth cohort study investigating timing of exposure and mode of delivery	10
Is opioid analgesia superior to NSAID analgesia in children with musculoskeletal trauma?	10
Dexmedetomidine improves success of paediatric MRI sedation	10
Neonatal cardiac surgery in low resource settings: implications of birth weight	10
Influence of epidemics and pandemics on paediatric ED use: a systematic review	10
Household economic burden of childhood severe pneumonia in Bangladesh: a cost-of-illness study	10
Epidemiological surveillance study of female genital mutilation in the UK	10
Factors associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in hospitalised children: a retrospective analysis	10
Randomised controlled trial of fosfomycin in neonatal sepsis: pharmacokinetics and safety in relation to sodium overload	10
Unlocking children’s voices during SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown	10
Initial experience of the safety and tolerability of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-Bio-N-Tech) vaccine in extremely vulnerable children aged 12–15 years	10
Cause-specific child and adolescent mortality in the UK and EU15+ countries	10
Characteristics and predictors of persistent symptoms post-COVID-19 in children and young people: a large community cross-sectional study in England	10
What is new in migraine management in children and young people?	9
Rise in children presenting with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic	9
COVID-19 in Malawi: lessons in pandemic preparedness from a tertiary children’s hospital	9
Did children ‘stay safe’? Evaluation of burns presentations to a children’s emergency department during the period of COVID-19 school closures	9
Acceptability of different oral dosage forms in paediatric patients in hospital setting	9
Trajectories of transgender adolescents referred for endocrine intervention in England	9
Description and evaluation of a pathway for unaccompanied asylum-seeking children	9
Perinatal outcomes among births to women with infection during pregnancy	9
Case for change: a standardised inpatient paediatric early warning system in England	9
Adjuvant corticosteroids for prevention of kidney scarring in children with acute pyelonephritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis	9
Hyponatraemia despite isotonic maintenance fluid therapy: a time series intervention study	9
Neurodevelopmental status and follow-up in preschool children with heart disease in London, UK	9
Observational study to define reference ranges for the 3% oxygen desaturation index during sleep in healthy children under 12 years using oximetry motion-resistant technology	9
First do no harm: practitioners’ ability to ‘diagnose’ system weaknesses and improve safety is a critical initial step in improving care quality	9
Acute kidney injury in paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) is not associated with progression to chronic kidney disease	8
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators for cystic fibrosis: a new dawn?	8
Changes in UK paediatric long-term ventilation practice over 10 years	8
Managing challenges in congenital CMV: current thinking	8
Paediatric narcolepsy: a review of diagnosis and management	8
Priorities for child health research across the UK and Ireland	8
Pierre Robin sequence causes position-dependent obstructive sleep apnoea in infants	8
Future of machine learning in paediatrics	8
Digital tools to improve parenting behaviour in low-income settings: a mixed-methods feasibility study	8
Venipuncture activates the cerebral cortex in children with intellectual disability	8
Clinical impact of a gastrointestinal PCR panel in children with infectious diarrhoea	8
Postnatal impact of a prenatally diagnosed double aortic arch	8
Association of childhood tracheomalacia with bronchiectasis: a case–control study	8
Vitamin D deficiency in South-East Asian children: a systematic review	8
Incidence and aetiology of infant Gram-negative bacteraemia and meningitis: systematic review and meta-analysis	8

COVID-19 infections following physical school reopening	8
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances for young people	8
Validating clinical practice guidelines for the management of febrile infants presenting to the emergency department in the UK and Ireland	8
Children living with disabilities are neglected in severe malnutrition protocols: a guideline review	8
Implications of a highly transmissible variant of SARS-CoV-2 for children	8
Emergency and perioperative management of adrenal insufficiency in children and young people: British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes consensus guidance	8
Fraudulent participants in qualitative child health research: identifying and reducing bot activity	8
Foreign body ingestion in children: a magnet epidemic within a pandemic	8
School absence and achievement in children with isolated orofacial clefts	8
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in the British Isles	8
Retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell layer changes in children who recovered from COVID-19: a cohort study	8
Morphine or hydromorphone: which should be preferred? A systematic review	7
Impact of the Step-by-Step on febrile infants	7
Paediatric olfactory dysfunction: a chance to detect COVID-19?	7
Facilitators and barriers to the delivery of palliative care to children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions: a qualitative study of the experiences and perceptions of healthcare profes	7
Effect of asthma education on health outcomes in children: a systematic review	7
Post-COVID-19 condition at 6 months and COVID-19 vaccination in non-hospitalised children and young people	7
Microcephaly in Australian children, 2016–2018: national surveillance study	7
Robustness of reported postacute health outcomes in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review	7
World Health Organization and knowledge translation in maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition	7
COVID-19 is not a driver of clinically significant viral wheeze and asthma	7
Extensive use of on-pack promotional claims on commercial baby foods in the UK	7
How young children learn independent asthma self-management: a qualitative study in Malaysia	7
WHO essential medicines for children 2011–2019: age-appropriateness of enteral formulations	7
The ‘Nutmeg Challenge’: a dangerous social media trend	7
Call for a universal PIMS-TS/MIS-C case definition	7
Five-year follow-up of new cases after a coeliac disease mass screening	7
Clinical guidelines for children and adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria or incongruence: a systematic review of guideline quality (part 1)	7
High-flow oxygen therapy in moderate to severe bronchiolitis: a randomised controlled trial	7
Ethical issues in treatment of babies born at 22 weeks of gestation	7
Informed consent and assent guide for paediatric clinical trials in Europe	7
Feeding disorders in children with oesophageal atresia: a cross-sectional study	7
Exercise training in paediatric congenital heart disease: fit for purpose?	7
Keeping young people connected during COVID-19: the role of online groups	7
Genetic landscape of congenital disorders in patients from Southeast Asia: results from sequencing using a gene panel for Mendelian phenotypes	7
Longitudinal effects of breast feeding on parent-reported child behaviour	6
Reduction of ileocolic intussusception under sedation or anaesthesia: a systematic review of complications	6
Postoperative morbidities with infant cardiac surgery and toddlers’ neurodevelopment	6
Head circumference may be the best proxy for neurodevelopmental risk in children in low-resource settings	6
Diagnostic test accuracy of dipstick urinalysis for diagnosing urinary tract infection in febrile infants attending the emergency department	6
Gestational age and risk of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study	6
Use of peripheral vasoactive drug infusions during the critical care transport of children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection	6
Assessment of parental decision making in congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy and heart transplantation: an observational study analysing decisional characteristics and preferences	6
New treatments in spinal muscular atrophy	6
Haemoglobin and red blood cell reference intervals during infancy	6
Epidemiology of Robin sequence in the UK and Ireland: an active surveillance study	6
A preimplementation survey for a standardised approach to paediatric early warning systems	6
Community seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents in England, 2019–2021	6
Experiences of adolescents living with Silver-Russell syndrome	6
Sickle cell disease in children: an update of the evidence in low- and middle-income settings	6
Bibliography of published COVID-19 in children literature	6
Pulse oximetry respiratory monitoring for assessment of acute childhood wheeze	6
Prediction modelling of inpatient neonatal mortality in high-mortality settings	6
Inflammatory bowel disease: recent developments	6
Epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes of incident tuberculosis in children in Canada in 2013–2016: results of a national surveillance study	6
Management of fluids in paediatric diabetic ketoacidosis: concerns over new guidance	6
Epidemiology of paediatric injuries in Nepal: evidence from emergency department injury surveillance	6
Vancomycin-associated acute kidney injury epidemiology in children: a systematic review	6
Advanced chronic kidney disease among UK children	6
Low-level laser therapy for oral mucositis in children with cancer	6
Perceptions of non-successful families attending a weight-management clinic	6
Can TEN4 distinguish bruises from abuse, inherited bleeding disorders or accidents?	6
Do you know when the inhaler is empty?	6
Features of the transposed seasonality of the 2021 RSV epidemic in the UK and Ireland: analysis of the first 10 000 patients	6
Insights from and limitations of data linkage studies: analysis of short-stay urgent admission referral source from routinely collected Scottish data	6
Paediatric brain MRI findings following congenital heart surgery: a systematic review	6
Diet and development among children aged 36–59 months in low-income countries	6
Birth prevalence of anorectal malformations in England and 5-year survival: a national birth cohort study	6
Treating nontuberculous mycobacteria in children with cystic fibrosis: a multicentre retrospective study	6
‘Growth hormone deficiency’ or rather ‘short stature unresponsive to stimulation tests’?	6
Vulval (Lipschütz) ulcers in young females associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination: case series	6
Cardiopulmonary fitness in children with asthma versus healthy children	6
Desmopressin oral lyophilisate in young children: new insights in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics	5
SARS-CoV-2 transmission in schools in Korea: nationwide cohort study	5
Feasibility of developing children’s Pill School within a UK hospital	5
How to do no harm: empowering local leaders to make care safer in low-resource settings	5
Work of a paediatric bioethics centre during the COVID-19 pandemic first phase	5
How many children with severe neurodisability are being sent home on parenteral nutrition?	5
Growth and adrenarche: findings from the CATS observational study	5
Impact of COVID-19 on carers of children with tracheostomies	5
Effective healthcare communication with children and young people: a systematic review of barriers and facilitators	5
Clinical ethics: consent for vaccination in children	5
Monkeypox and children	5
Paediatric health-related quality of life in congenital cytomegalovirus	5
Inconsistencies in fertility preservation for young people with cancer in the UK	5
Klinefelter syndrome: going beyond the diagnosis	5
Recommendations by the European Network of Paediatric Research at the European Medicines Agency (Enpr-EMA) Working Group on preparedness of clinical trials about paediatric medicines process	5
Does screen time affect recovery from concussion in adolescents?	5
Febrile young infants with abnormal urine dipstick at low risk of invasive bacterial infection	5
Population-based surveillance of severe microcephaly and congenital Zika syndrome in Canada	5
Is there an association between having asthma and being bullied?	5
Palliative care for children with complex cardiac conditions: survey results	5
‘Next Generation Sequencing’ as a diagnostic tool in paediatrics	5
Estimated effect of secondary screening for hip dislocation	5
For children admitted to hospital, what interventions improve medication safety on ward rounds? A systematic review	5