Brain Stimulation

Papers
(The TQCC of Brain Stimulation is 1. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-09-01 to 2025-09-01.)
ArticleCitations
Outcomes from University of Minnesota Clinical rTMS Clinic for resistant depression: naturalistic data on suicidal ideation148
Robotized functional localization with TMS141
Transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked cortical inhibition and facilatation: a possible biomarker for posttraumatic stress disorder109
Effect of non-invasive neuromodulation on neural and behavioural signatures of cognitive control88
Neurophysiological modulations in the (pre)motor-motor network and the role of GABA+ levels underlying age-related reaction time slowing80
The effects of neuromodulation priming to Intermittent Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (iTBS): effects on physiological and subjectives measures of stress in healthy individuals80
Chronic Caffeine Consumption Curbs rTMS-induced Plasticity72
Development of home high definition-transcranial direct current stimulation technology: hardware and individualized headgear71
An epilepsy network derived from human brain lesions and deep brain stimulation71
Designs of Composite TMS Coils with the Best Depth-Spread Tradeoff71
Editorial Board70
Masthead70
Mechanical Affective Touch Therapy (MATT) for Anxiety Disorders: Effects on Resting State Functional Connectivity69
Trait aggression-dependent effects of cerebellar tDCS in a social dominance task68
Propensity to develop plasticity in the parieto-motor network in dystonia from the perspective of abnormal high-order motor processing62
Extracting connectivity data from published papers: challenges and decisions61
Multi-focal stimulation of the cortico-cerebellar loop during the acquisition of a novel hand motor skill in chronic stroke survivors60
Transcranial magnetic stimulation-associated heart rate decelerations attenuate after a TMS treatment course for depression59
A combinatorial therapy of rTMS and breathing synchronized-electrical stimulation to induce respiratory neuroplasticity after cervical SCI: from pre-clinical studies to human translation.A combinatori58
Cerebellar involvement in distributional semantic learning: Insights from a combined TMS-computational approach58
Pallidal evoked resonant neural activity in Parkinson’s disease and dystonia54
Defining Targets for Tic Detection and Suppression in Tourette Syndrome Deep Brain Stimulation54
In vitro optimization of photobiomodulation and ultrasound stimulation protocols for Alzheimer’s disease therapy53
Personalized targeting cortical locations of the hippocampal network informed by fMRI from a large cohort52
Investigating the neural effects of TMS using intracranial recordings in humans51
High-resolution mapping of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity51
New targets and methods of brain stimulation for movement disorders48
Numerical Evaluation of Electrode Positioning Effects in Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Transcranial Interference Stimulation48
Neuromodulation for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: a 20-year research panorama47
Efficacy of Functional Connectivity MRI-Guided Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Anhedonia in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder47
Layer-specific effects of electrical stimulation on local field potentials in the primary visual cortex of monkeys47
Intracranial Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation And Heart Brain Coupling45
Repeated prefrontal tDCS increases readiness for treatment and cognitive emotion regulation and attenuates craving in substance use disorder: A randomized sham-controlled study44
Transdiagnostic circuit mapping of prefrontal targets in accelerated transcranial magnetic stimulation: protocol for a randomized control trial44
Neuroimaging Markers for Responsiveness to Combined Robot-assisted Gait Training and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Stroke Patients43
Repeated single electrical pulse stimulations reveal causal interactions between the human insula and hippocampus43
Hyperdirect pathway activation as a biomarker for STN DBS programming in Parkinson’s Disease43
Non-invasive prehabilitation before neurosurgery reconfigures the topology of language networks without compromising function43
Enhancing cognitive abilities through transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: insights from prefrontal functional connectivity analysis and virtual brain simulation43
Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on seizure reduction through modulation of functional connectivity in drug-resistant epilepsy42
Effect of stimulus waveform duration and E-field orientation on activation of forearm muscles42
Single session subconvulsive electrical stimulation improves acute manic symptoms41
“Facial Analysis of the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Facial Parameters of Hypomimia in Parkinson's Disease: A Case Report"41
rTMS therapy for depression in older adults: registry data from Kansai TMS network TMS therapy for depression in older adults: registry data from Kansai TMS network41
Optimizing spatial filtering techniques for enhanced extraction of motor-related beta oscillations and mu-beta coupling in closed-loop tACS39
Targeted tDCS Protocols Guided by DTI-Tractography for the Treatment of Motor and Language Deficits in a Pediatric Patient with DDX3X Syndrome: A Case Study39
Beyond classical rcts: how adaptive trial designs might be used to optimize the development of tdcs interventions for depression39
Electrocorticography microdisplay for high precision intraoperative brain mapping38
Placebo and nocebo effects in the motor system38
Predicting Treatment Response to ECT for depression leveraging Spatial Patterns for Discriminative Estimation37
Machine learning in electroconvulsive therapy36
Pulse width modulation-based TMS: Primary motor cortex responses compared to conventional monophasic stimuli36
Engagement along the human hippocampal longitudinal axis via concurrent TMS-fMRI using theta-burst patterned stimulation36
Longitudinal follow-up of vagus nerve stimulation-induced LMEPs dose-response curve for VNS parameters optimization36
Exploring the Efficacy of tDCS Across Depression Symptom Clusters36
Theta-burst cycling for deep brain stimulation35
A systematic comparisons of stimulation parameters (physical, geometrical, and topological) on CCEPs recorded from both SEEG and scalp EEG35
The neuromodulatory effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation: a replication35
A systematic review of the effect of pulse waveform of controllable pulse parameter TMS devices on cortical excitability and neuroplasticity35
ArTGen: An Arduino-based trigger generator to remotely handle pulse timing in TMS units35
Characterization of the Electrode Tissue Interface after long-term Deep Brain Stimulation in a 6-Hydroxydopamine Hemi-Parkinson rat model34
A single session of subthreshold repetitive non-invasive brain stimulation does not improve maximal physical exercise performance34
Investigating the effects of cerebellar transcranial ultrasound stimulation on motor cortex excitability33
Motor cortex excitability modulation after intermittent theta burst stimulation: looking for stability and potential predictors of variability33
Combinatorial mapping of modulatory targets: computational design & simulation33
Uncovering how the human brain responds to direct electrical stimulation32
Reliability of early TMS-evoked potentials as markers of cortico-cortical connectivity32
Evaluating the effect of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on cytotoxicity and neuroplasticity in an optimized in-vitro model of human neuroblastoma cells32
Determining underlying mechanisms during the recovery process after a stroke by means of longitudinal TMS-EEG evaluation32
Evaluation of the effects of non-invasive neurostimulation technique on self-reported quality of life and disability in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive patients32
Effects of rTMS and ECT on approach and avoidance systems in major depressive disorder31
Follow up of a tdcs anodic stimulation on one depressive participant through cognitive tasks and bci classification tool: a case report30
Electrophysiological sweetspot to guide deep brain stimulation programming in Parkinson’s disease patients30
Combining Metacognitive Therapy and tDCS: preliminary results in patients with Major Depressive Disorder30
Using multimodal MRI-parameters to improve clinical trial designs30
A single session of DLPFC tDCS modifies attention bias in depression29
Effective in-patient treatment with ECT is associated with an increase in structural brain connectivity in severely depressed patients29
Interleaved TMS/fMRI circuit maps inform depression intervention with rTMS29
Effect of Theta Entrainment on Mind-Wandering, Executive Control and Behavioral Variability: An Online TMS-EEG Study28
It’s not all child’s play: Presurgical functional mapping in children using transcranial magnetic stimulation28
Accelerated HD-tDCS for rapid response in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: A case report27
Investigating the effects of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques on cellular mechanisms of memory in ex vivo and in vitro mouse and human models27
Contact dermatitis following an intensive transcranial direct current stimulation protocol for major depressive disorder27
Medial forebrain bundle stimulation after failed subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: Efficacy of a dual deep brain stimulation system for depression27
Efficacy of superolateral medial forebrain bundle deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder27
An rTMS-induced seizure during low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with a double-cone coil for spasticity: A case report27
Individual differences in neuroanatomy and neurophysiology predict effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation27
Transcranial random noise stimulation of the bilateral parietal cortex enhances processing of visual cross-modal conflicts: A randomized controlled trial27
Number of Trials and E-Field Orientation during Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation Impact Modulation of Motor-Evoked Potentials27
1:2 entrainment is not a device-induced artefact, except when it is26
Experimental validation of computational phase optimization for traveling wave tACS26
Feasibility of Accelerated Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Major Depression26
The “RF-EEG Cap”: a novel flexible head coil receive-only coil to perform concurrent TMS-EEG-fMRI experiments26
Multiunit recordings and visual percepts evoked with an intracortical 96-channel microelectrode array inserted into human visual cortex26
Wearable peripheral nerve stimulator reduces essential tremor symptoms through targeted brain modulation26
Transcranial direct current stimulation alters cerebrospinal fluid-interstitial fluid exchange in mouse brain26
Optimizing rTMS Localization for Hippocampal Modulation: Individualized Connectivity-Based Targeting versus Scalp-Based Heuristics26
Transcranial magnetic stimulation induces heart rate decelerations independent of treatment outcome25
MRI receiver coil arrays and holders for concurrent TMS-MRI experiments25
Safety of ipsilesional and contralesional accelerated TMS assessed with electric field modeling25
Comparison of clinical outcomes with left unilateral and sequential bilateral Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) treatment of major depressive disorder in a large patient registry25
Trigeminal nerve stimulation as an active control condition in TMS clinical trials: Evidence from heart-brain coupling and clinical outcomes25
Probing cortical reactivity before and after brain tumor resection: A TMS-EEG case25
Predictive modeling of TMS-evoked potentials: unraveling the influence of pre-stimulus brain activity25
Closed-loop cortical network stimulation as a treatment for epilepsy arising from the primary motor cortex25
Validated TMS coil models for electric field simulations24
The effectiveness of non-clozapine antipsychotics combined with electroconvulsive therapy versus clozapine combined with electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia24
Non-invasive suppression of essential tremor via phase-locked disruption of its temporal coherence24
Cover 124
A digital transcranial magnetic stimulator for generating arbitrary pulse-shapes and patterns24
Using TMS to evaluate altered cortical excitability underlying epilepsy syndromes24
Focal stimulation of movement related cortical potentials in mice using a novel TMS circuit design24
Is transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) the next holy grail for treating depression?24
Non-invasive auricular vagus nerve stimulation for reading improvement in young adults24
Doubling Down On The “Fast-On, Fast-Off” Phenomenon With Accelerated iTBS X223
App-based ecological momentary assessment and symptom-adaptive scheduling of TMS maintenance treatments to prevent depressive episode recurrence23
Effects of transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) in a patient with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) post diffuse axonal injury: a case report23
Default mode network connectivity and brain derived neurotrophic factor in brain stimulation of traumatic brain injury patients23
Modelling and testing the effects of stimulus parameters on cortical reactions to multilocus TMS23
Vagus nerve electroneurogram-based detection of acute pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats23
Linear Automated Neocortex DeMARCation (LAND-MARC)22
What’s new with the oldest form of brain stimulation: Innovations in ECT22
Investigating the effects of paired somatosensory-cerebellar stimulation on sensori-motor cortex and cerebellar excitability22
Evaluation of EEG as a reliable measure of pain: an experimental pain study22
TMS targets for multiple sclerosis related depression derived using a precomputed functional connectome22
Can tDCS affect acquisition of a simple motor skill in neurotypical adults?22
Associations between brain morphology and transcranial direct current stimulation as treatment of inattention in adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder21
Associations between non-invasive brain stimulation and cognitive function in patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis21
Longitudinal evaluation of TMS-induced oscillations in stroke21
Modulation of striatal activity to study reinforcement learning of motor skills in humans21
Repeated theta-burst stimulation modulates structural networks in AD-related memory disorders21
Accelerated intermittent theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation is a safe and efficacious treatment for adolescents with depressive symptoms21
Toward validated multi-scale models for dose control in non-invasive brain stimulation21
Reliable assessment of evoked brain responses targeted by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) using optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs)21
Direct current stimulation of the trigeminal nerve causes sustained increase in neural activity in the rat hippocampus21
Brain studies (fMRI & tDCS) point to an educational intervention to overcome intuitive interference21
Real-world data showing the benefit of tDCS for patients with major depressive disorder and suggesting characteristics for treatment personalization21
GENET - A novel international research collaboration for the standardized collection and sharing of ECT treatment data and associated biosignals – Implementation, Application, and Findings20
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TDCS) As A Therapeutic Intervention For Post-Acute Neuropsychiatric Sequelae Of SARS-COV-220
A pilot study of transcranial infrared laser stimulation for the treatment of traumatic brain injury20
Consensus development for harmonizing transparent reporting in tES trials20
Computer vision based algorithm to support correct electrode placement for home-based non-invasive electric brain stimulation20
How important are extracerebral brain compartments for TES, TMS, and ECT modeling predictions?20
Cognitive Functioning in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Improves with At-Home Online Training Paired with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): Results from a Sham-Controlled Randomized Clinical Tr19
Does switching between high frequency rTMS and theta burst stimulation improve depression outcomes?19
Preliminary results of motor threshold site navigation using modern fMRI for clinical rTMS treatment19
Generators of the frequency-following response in the subthalamic nucleus: Implications for non-invasive deep brain stimulation19
Repeated optogenetic stimulation of the infralimbic cortex in a mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder19
Divergent roles of early visual cortex and inferior frontal junction in visual working memory19
Personalized whole-brain activity patterns predict human corticospinal tract activation in real-time18
Comparison of consistency between image guided and craniometric transcranial magnetic stimulation coil placement18
Bayesian Optimization Of NeuroStimulation (BOONStim)18
Re-evaluating the contribution of sensorimotor mu rhythm phase and power to human corticospinal output: A replication study18
Lessons from multitarget neurostimulation in isolated dystonia: Less is more?18
The effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in stroke patients by Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)17
High-resolution computational modeling of the current flow in the outer ear during transcutaneous auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS)17
All-optical mapping reveals distributed suppression of cortical sensory responses after optogenetic silencing17
Theta-burst TMS in schizophrenia to ameliorate negative and cognitive symptoms: a double-blind, sham-controlled, randomized clinical trial17
The role of fMRI in enhancing rTMS outcomes: a novel approach to schizophrenia treatment17
Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) enhances Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) in healthy subjects: A randomized controlled trial17
The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on executive function, attention and memory in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis17
D2 receptor contribution to dopaminergic modulation of ePAS-induced neuroplasticity17
Development of a Robotic-Assisted Localization System for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using 3D Camera and Textile Pressure Sensors17
Transcranial direct current stimulation for investigating the role of the retrosplenial complex in memory: a computational study17
The efficacy of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation on negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A double-blind, randomized sham-controlled study17
Pilot study on the intensity-response of Intermittent theta-burst stimulation for major depression17
Wireless, reversible excitation and inhibition of neural activity through magnetoelectrics17
Targeted tDCS with small electrodes as a promising adjunctive therapy for Parkinson’s Disease16
Safety of Daily tDCS in a Patient with Whole-Eye and Partial-Face Transplant and Metal Implants16
Towards “synaptomic” deep brain stimulation: Electrophysiological targeting of basal ganglia pathways16
The impact of accelerated iTBS treatment on autonomic cardiovascular measures in patients with severe depression – a case series16
Development and Validation of a High-Resolution Pediatric Computational Model with Application to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil Evaluation16
Expanding Access to Neuromodulation for Addiction: A Pilot Study of Home-Based tDCS in Cannabis Use Disorder16
NeuroSimo: an open-source software for real-time EEG- and EMG-guided TMS16
Reduction of sleep-like perilesional slow waves and clinical evolution after stroke: a TMS-EEG study16
Scalp acupuncture for patients with primary depressive symptoms: a pragmatic, randomized controlled trial16
Antidepressant effects, cognitive outcomes, and structural correlates following convulsive therapies in patients with treatment-resistant depression: preliminary findings16
Functional connectivity-informed individualised transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy for anorexia nervosa – interim results from the FUNCTIAN pilot study15
Targeting dysfunctional circuits using brain stimulation: a role of personalised targeting in orbitofrontal cortex?15
Tele-tDCS: overcoming therapist hesitations in neurological rehabilitation tele-tDCS15
Are we closer to addressing the opioid overdose crisis with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation?15
Principles of brain network dynamics in major depressive disorder using multi-day intracranial recordings in humans15
The impact of personalizing TMS coil angle on electric field magnitude15
Direct brain stimulation during awake surgery preserving higher cognitive function for brain tumors15
Understanding the neural pathways of trigeminal nerve stimulation: From basic mechanisms to memory modulation15
Novel invasive methods to promote recovery after cerebral lesions15
Imaging and modulation with theta-gamma tACS of an acceleration-dependent thumb movement task15
Augmenting cognitive training with bifrontal tDCS decreases subclinical depressive symptoms in older adults: Preliminary findings14
Magnus Neuromodulation System with Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy (SAINT) as a Personalized Continuation Therapy for Depression: An Open-Label Pilot Trial14
The impact of the left inferior frontal gyrus on fear extinction: A transcranial direct current stimulation study14
Genetic labeling of the nucleus of tractus solitarius neurons associated with electrical stimulation of the cervical or auricular vagus nerve in mice14
Table of Contents14
Reply: Variability in motor threshold14
Modeling Tools for Maximizing Behavioral Effects of tDCS Through Optimized Methodological Parameters14
Electroconvulsive therapy practice in Thailand: a nation-wide survey14
Alteration of post stroke visual field defects after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation14
Combined transcutaneous auricular vagus stimulation (taVNS) with 0.1Hz slow breathing enhances insomnia treatment efficacy: A pilot study14
Analysis of multi-center MDD trials indicates direct, polysymptomatic effect of rTMS on depression and anxiety with H1-coil and delayed, indirect effect on anxiety with figure-8 coil14
Effects of theta burst stimulation on reward processing and decision-making in bipolar disorder: A pilot study14
Reduced VR motion sickness by applying random-phase transcranial alternating current stimulation to the left parietal cortex14
Acute dentate nucleus deep brain stimulation modulates corticomotor excitability in chronic stroke survivors14
Long-term prophylactic efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in chronic migraine. A randomised, patient-assessor blinded, sham-controlled trial14
Non-invasive brain stimulation treatments for Alzheimer’s disease14
Electroconvulsive therapy modulates critical brain dynamics in major depressive disorder patients14
No place in France for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the therapeutic armamentarium of treatment-resistant depression?14
Neural and behavioral effects of theta burst stimulation priming on processing of affective and neutral information in working memory13
Cranial electrotherapy stimulation after transcranial magnetic stimulation for maintenance of improvement in treatment-resistant depression: a pilot study13
Letter to the editor: Targeted neural stimulation congruent with immersive reality decreases neuropathic pain13
TAP: Targeting and analysis pipeline for optimization and verification of TMS coil placement13
Differential response to H-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation before versus after the first COVID-19 shutdown13
Shoulder position and lesion location differentially affect hand muscle excitability and intracortical inhibition early post-stroke13
Waving together single pulse intracranial electrical stimulation with concurrent stereo EEG and scalp hd-EEG recording13
Across-Scale Depression Severity Ratings in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment13
Efectiveness of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Parkinson´s Disease (PD)-related pain: effects on pain processing features in PD patients13
A Prospective, Multi-center Randomized, Controlled, Blinded Trial of Vagus Verve Stimulation for Difficult to Treat Depression: the RECOVER Trial13
What I have done with Professor Rothwell in NBS field13
On the disease and location specificity of evoked resonant neural activity13
Variability in motor threshold13
Irregularities and misrepresentations of a survey by Taylor et al13
Clinical VIM targeting for deep brain stimulation based on an augmented intelligence. The RebrAIn solution13
Auricular transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation modulates the heart-evoked potential13
History and recent advancements and changes in computational modeling methods for transcranial electrical stimulation13
Effect of age and gender on repetitive transcranial therapy for major depression a retrospective analysis13
Letter of response to “concerns about efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in centromedian-parafascicular thalamic complex for rapid onset dystonia-parkinsonism (DYT12-ATP1A3)”13
A user-friendly input–output curve analysis tool for variable direct responses to brain stimulation13
Adaptive cross approximation for E-field-guided non-invasive magnetic brain stimulation13
'Cut the roots': rTMS reveals the crucial role of prefrontal cortex in threat memory consolidation in humans12
Attenuating anger and aggression with neuromodulation of the vmPFC: A simultaneous tDCS-fMRI study12
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for tobacco treatment in cancer patients12
Identification of beta burst patterns underlying simultaneous transcranial alternating current stimulation12
Transcranial direct current stimulation elevates the baseline activity while sharpening the spatial tuning of the human visual cortex12
The shift changes of EEG microstate maps after a single session transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with depression12
Development of home high definition-transcranial direct current stimulation technology: hardware and individualized headgear12
Speech and deep brain stimulation on dystonia: a multiparametric investigation is still lacking12
Rapid modulation of GABA levels in the anterior temporal lobe during semantic processing: a combined MRS, fMRI and cTBS study12
Use of transcranial focused ultrasound for targeted delivery of exosomes to the brain: A preclinical investigation12
Masthead12
Mechanism of action of tDCS for fear conditioning in a clinical sample: methodological considerations12
CHANGE IN REPORTED RESILIENCE AFTER REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION (rTMS) FOR MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER AT A SUBURBAN TERTIARY CLINIC12
Can transcranial electrical stimulation enhance arithmetic learning?12
A great potential of QPS in the field of brain stimulation12
Online closed-loop real-time tES-fMRI for brain modulation: challenges and potentials12
What and where does TMS activate: Evidence from coupled electric field and neural models12
Brain perfusion alterations induced by standalone and combined non-invasive brain stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex12
TMS based lower extremity multi-muscle motor mapping in persons post-stroke with impaired muscle coordination12
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation promotes improvement in physical activity among breast cancer survivors12
Cortical excitability and brain oscillatory activity in Alzheimer’s disease: new insights from TMS-EEG12
Effect of head positioning on TMS intensity: E-field modeling with BEM-FMM and modeling validation12
Generating, validating and applying volume conductor models for electric field simulations to determine and optimize the brain regions targeting by transcranial brain stimulation11
Characterizing the effects of deep brain stimulation on STN regulation of gait in murine Parkinson’s Disease model11
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