Graefes Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Article	Citations
Guidance for anti-VEGF intravitreal injections during the COVID-19 pandemic	89
Telemedicine in ophthalmology in view of the emerging COVID-19 outbreak	80
Dry eye in the COVID-19 era: how the measures for controlling pandemic might harm ocular surface	77
The prevalence of ophthalmic manifestations in COVID-19 and the diagnostic value of ocular tissue/fluid	70
Sustainable practice of ophthalmology during COVID-19: challenges and solutions	69
Impact of COVID-19 on outpatient visits and intravitreal treatments in a referral retina unit: let’s be ready for a plausible “rebound effect”	65
Microbial keratitis in Sydney, Australia: risk factors, patient outcomes, and seasonal variation	64
Eye rubbing in the aetiology of keratoconus: a systematic review and meta-analysis	56
A child confirmed COVID-19 with only symptoms of conjunctivitis and eyelid dermatitis	53
Short-term outcomes of patients with neovascular exudative AMD: the effect of COVID-19 pandemic	51
Ocular manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019	51
May home confinement during the COVID-19 outbreak worsen the global burden of myopia?	50
Wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography for the detection of proliferative diabetic retinopathy	49
Paracentral acute middle maculopathy—review of the literature	48
Conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients: frequency and clinical presentation	48
Progression of myopia in a natural cohort of Chinese children during COVID-19 pandemic	47
Systematic review: non-adherence and non-persistence in intravitreal treatment	43
Extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) AcrySof® IQ Vivity® intraocular lens implant: a real-life experience	41
Incorrect sleeping position and eye rubbing in patients with unilateral or highly asymmetric keratoconus: a case-control study	40
Pachychoroid: current concepts on clinical features and pathogenesis	39
Brolucizumab-related intraocular inflammation in Japanese patients with age-related macular degeneration: a short-term multicenter study	36
Retinal capillary involvement in early post-COVID-19 patients: a healthy controlled study	36
Comparison of two extended depth of focus intraocular lenses with a monofocal lens: a multi-centre randomised trial	36
Delayed follow-up of medical retina patients due to COVID-19: impact on disease activity and visual acuity	33
Artificial intelligence-based ChatGPT chatbot responses for patient and parent questions on vernal keratoconjunctivitis	33

Choroidal evaluation in patients under alpha-lytic therapy	32
A novel intraocular lens designed for sutureless scleral fixation: surgical series	31
Reduced macular vessel density in COVID-19 patients with and without associated thrombotic events using optical coherence tomography angiography	30
Choroidal vascularity index and choriocapillary changes in retinal vein occlusions	29
Clinically useful smartphone ophthalmic imaging techniques	28
Analysis of higher order aberrations in recently developed wavefront-shaped IOLs	28
CycleGAN-based deep learning technique for artifact reduction in fundus photography	28
Real-world outcomes of voretigene neparvovec treatment in pediatric patients with RPE65-associated Leber congenital amaurosis	27
Altered microvascular density in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with hydroxychloroquine—an optical coherence tomography angiography study	27
A new insight into pachychoroid diseases: Remodeling of choroidal vasculature	27
Intraocular fluid biomarkers (liquid biopsy) in human diabetic retinopathy	26
Twelve-month results of ab interno trabeculectomy with Kahook Dual Blade: an interventional, randomized, controlled clinical study	25
Application of subretinal fluid to close refractory full thickness macular holes: treatment strategies and primary outcome: APOSTEL study	25
Intense pulsed light for meibomian gland dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis	25
Automated diabetic retinopathy detection with two different retinal imaging devices using artificial intelligence: a comparison study	24
Low-intensity red-light therapy in slowing myopic progression and the rebound effect after its cessation in Chinese children: a randomized controlled trial	23
Retinal vascular occlusions in COVID-19 infection and vaccination: a literature review	23
Macular hole closure patterns: an updated classification	22
Choriocapillaris flow deficit associated with intraretinal hyperreflective foci in intermediate age-related macular degeneration	22
Transcanalicular endoscopic dacryoplasty in patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction	22
A quantitative comparison of four optical coherence tomography angiography devices in healthy eyes	21
Review of clinical studies and recommendation for a therapeutic flow chart for diabetic macular edema	20
Efficacy and safety of a vectored thermal pulsation system (Lipiflow®) in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis	20
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy—new insights and old challenges	20
Visual outcomes after small incision lenticule extraction and implantable collamer lens V4c for moderate myopia: 1-year results	20
Quantification of retinal microvascular parameters by severity of diabetic retinopathy using wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography	20
Topography of choriocapillaris flow deficit predicts development of neovascularization or atrophy in age-related macular degeneration	19
Benchmarking different brands of silicone oils	19
Short-term choroidal vascular changes after aflibercept therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration	19
Evaluation of vision-related quality of life in keratoconus patients, and associated impact of keratoconus severity indicators	19
Long-term clinical results of trabectome surgery in patients with open-angle glaucoma	19
A potential novel therapeutic target in diabetic retinopathy: a chemokine receptor (CCR2/CCR5) inhibitor reduces retinal vascular leakage in an animal model	19
Self-examination low-cost full-field OCT (SELFF-OCT) for patients with various macular diseases	18
Preoperative factors to select vitrectomy or scleral buckling for retinal detachment in microincision vitrectomy era	18
Structural imaging of conjunctival filtering blebs in XEN gel implantation and trabeculectomy: a confocal and anterior segment optical coherence tomography study	18
Inflammation and oxidative stress induced by lipid peroxidation metabolite 4-hydroxynonenal in human corneal epithelial cells	18
Repeatability and reproducibility of vessel density measurements on optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic retinopathy	18
Anxiety and depression in patients wearing prosthetic eyes	17
Predictive factors of enucleation after open globe injuries	17
Combined phaco-vitrectomy provides lower costs and greater area under the curve vision gains than sequential vitrectomy and phacoemulsification	17
Efficacy of rituximab in patients with Graves’ orbitopathy: a retrospective multicenter nationwide study	17
FFP3, FFP2, N95, surgical masks and respirators: what should we be wearing for ophthalmic surgery in the COVID-19 pandemic?	17
Cellular components of the idiopathic epiretinal membrane	17
Effects of inverted internal limiting membrane technique and insertion technique on outer retinal restoration associated with glial proliferation in large macular holes	17
Repeatability of a new swept-source optical coherence tomographer and agreement with other three optical biometers	16
Treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration in the era of COVID-19	16
Subfoveal choroidal thickness after brolucizumab therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a short-term multicenter study	16
Assessment of epiretinal membrane formation using en face optical coherence tomography after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair	16
Retinal microvascular metrics in untreated essential hypertensives using optical coherence tomography angiography	16
End-to-end diabetic retinopathy grading based on fundus fluorescein angiography images using deep learning	16

Practical experience on emergency ophthalmic surgery during the prevalence of COVID-19	16
Deep feed forward neural network–based screening system for diabetic retinopathy severity classification using the lion optimization algorithm	16
Effective treatment of locally advanced periocular basal cell carcinoma with oral hedgehog pathway inhibitor?	15
Inhibition of retinal neovascularization by VEGF siRNA delivered via bioreducible lipid-like nanoparticles	15
Dose-dependent effects of netarsudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, on the distal outflow tract	15
Pachychoroid disease spectrum: review article	15
Hypoxic stress increases NF-κB and iNOS mRNA expression in normal, but not in keratoconus corneal fibroblasts	15
Restoring vision using optogenetics without being blind to the risks	15
Development of a deep-learning system for detection of lattice degeneration, retinal breaks, and retinal detachment in tessellated eyes using ultra-wide-field fundus images: a pilot study	15
Relationship between retinal fluid and visual acuity in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration treated with intravitreal aflibercept using a treat-and-extend regimen: subgroup and po	15
Characteristics of dry eye patients with thick tear film lipid layers evaluated by a LipiView II interferometer	15
Optical coherence tomography angiography for detection of macular neovascularization associated with atrophy in age-related macular degeneration	15
Impact of COVID-19 on longitudinal ophthalmology authorship gender trends	15
Validation of central serous chorioretinopathy multimodal imaging-based classification system	15
Role of Curcumin in Retinal Diseases—A review	15
Automated detection of severe diabetic retinopathy using deep learning method	15
Macula service evaluation and assessing priorities for anti-VEGF treatment in the light of COVID-19	15
Choroidal vascular densities of macular disease on ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography	15
Beneficial switch from aflibercept to ranibizumab for the treatment of refractory neovascular age-related macular degeneration	14
Analysis of surgical outcome after upper eyelid surgery by computer vision algorithm using face and facial landmark detection	14
Etiologies and clinical characteristics of young patients with angle-closure glaucoma: a 15-year single-center retrospective study	14
Protective shields for ophthalmic equipment to minimise droplet transmission of COVID-19	14
The prognostic value of peripheral retinal nonperfusion in diabetic retinopathy using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography	14
Factors for good near and distance visual outcomes of multifocal intraocular lens with inferior segmental near add	14
Retinal microvasculature and optic disc alterations in non-pathological high myopia with optical coherence tomography angiography	14
Macular vessel density in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy with swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography	14
Epidemiology and outcomes of open globe injuries: the international globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES)	14
Disease stability and extended dosing under anti-VEGF treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) — a meta-analysis	14
Relationship between peripapillary choroidal thickness and degree of tessellation in young healthy eyes	13
Possible prophylactic or preventive role of topical povidone iodine during accidental ocular exposure to 2019-nCoV	13
Acute acquired concomitant esotropia associated with myopia: is the condition related to any binocular function failure?	13
A retrospective analysis of the therapeutic effects of 0.01% atropine on axial length growth in children in a real-life clinical setting	13
Efficacy of bevacizumab injection after pterygium excision and limbal conjunctival autograft with limbal fixation suture	13
MicroRNAs in the aqueous humor of patients with different types of glaucoma	13
Assessment of macular capillary perfusion in patients with inactive Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: an optical coherence tomography angiography study	13
Visual and optical quality of enhanced intermediate monofocal versus standard monofocal intraocular lens	13
Pandemics, climate change, and the eye	13
Adjunctive serial post-operative intravitreal methotrexate injections in the management of advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy	13
Accommodation and binocular vision changes after wearing orthokeratology lens in 8- to 14-year-old myopic children	13
Central geographic atrophy vs. neovascular age–related macular degeneration: differences in longitudinal vision-related quality of life	13
The spectrum of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Caucasians: clinical characteristics and proposal of a classification	13
Association of imaging biomarkers and local activation of complement in aqueous humor of patients with early forms of age-related macular degeneration	13
Macular vessel density reduction in patients recovered from COVID-19: a longitudinal optical coherence tomography angiography study	13
Detection of SARS-CoV-2-RNA in post-mortem samples of human eyes	13
Prediction of postoperative visual acuity after vitrectomy for macular hole using deep learning–based artificial intelligence	13
Comparison of waveform-derived corneal stiffness and stress-strain extensometry-derived corneal stiffness using different cross-linking irradiances: an experimental study with air-puff applanation of	13
Autonomic dysfunction detection by an automatic pupillometer as a non-invasive test in patients recovered from COVID-19	13
Anti-VEGF intravitreal injections in the era of COVID-19: responding to different levels of epidemic pressure	13
Switching anti-VEGF agent for wet AMD: evaluation of impact on visual acuity, treatment frequency and retinal morphology in a real-world clinical setting	13
Angle alpha as predictor for improving patient satisfaction with multifocal intraocular lenses?	13
Corneal and conjunctival alteration of innate immune expression in first-degree relatives of keratoconus patients	13
No secret hiding place? Absence of SARS-CoV-2 on the ocular surface of 1145 hospitalized patients in a pandemic area	13
The risk factors for Graves’ ophthalmopathy	13
Clinical presentations and surgical outcomes of intraocular foreign body presenting to an ocular trauma unit	13
Extraocular muscle enlargement	13
Persistent macular holes — what is the best strategy for revision?	12
Examination of the effects of COVID 19 on corneal endothelium	12
Manifestations of intraocular inflammation over time in patients on brolucizumab for neovascular AMD	12
Morphological differences of choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy determined by ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography	12
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration: advancement in retinal imaging builds a bridge between histopathology and clinical findings	12
The learning curve of retinal detachment surgery	12
Topographic analysis of retinal and choroidal microvasculature according to diabetic retinopathy severity using optical coherence tomography angiography	12
Diagnostic accuracy of AS-OCT vs gonioscopy for detecting angle closure: a systematic review and meta-analysis	12
Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy in primary angle-closure glaucoma	12
Silicone oils compared and found wanting	12
Retinal vascular occlusion and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination	12
Refractive outcomes and accuracy of IOL power calculation with the SRK/T formula for sutured, scleral-fixated Akreos AO60 intraocular lenses	12
Comparison of peripheral refraction and higher-order aberrations between orthokeratology and multifocal soft contact lens designed with highly addition	12
Inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique in eyes with large idiopathic full-thickness macular hole: long-term functional and morphological outcomes	12
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair—does age, sex, and lens status make a difference?	12
The correlation between cytokine levels in the aqueous humor and the prognostic value of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for treating macular edema resulting from retinal vein occlusio	12
Autologous neurosensory free-flap retinal transplantation for refractory chronic macular hole—outcomes evaluated by OCT, microperimetry, and multifocal electroretinography	12
ICMJE criteria for authorship: why the criticisms are not justified?	12
Subconjunctival injection of tumor necrosis factor-α pre-stimulated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhances anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis in ocular alkali burns	11
10-year outcomes of first-line selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)	11
Markedly decreasing incidence of cause-specific blindness in Saxony (Eastern Germany)	11
Comparison of 5-year safety and efficacy of laser photocoagulation and intravitreal bevacizumab injection in retinopathy of prematurity	11
Medical management of pediatric glaucoma: lessons learned from randomized clinical trials	11
Rural-urban differences in myopia prevalence among myopes presenting to Bhutanese retinal clinical services: a 3-year national study	11
The usefulness of the retinal sensitivity measurement with a microperimetry for predicting the visual prognosis of branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema	11

Needling and open filtering bleb revision after XEN-45 implantation—a retrospective outcome comparison	11
Impact of measured total keratometry versus anterior keratometry on the refractive outcomes of the AT TORBI 709-MP toric intraocular lens	11
Correlation between tangential distortion of the outer retinal layer and metamorphopsia in patients with epiretinal membrane	11
Assessing the validity of corneal power estimation using conventional keratometry for intraocular lens power calculation in eyes with Fuch’s dystrophy undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratopl	11
Drusen ooze: Predictor for progression of dry age-related macular degeneration	11
Intraocular pressure responses to walking with surgical and FFP2/N95 face masks in primary open-angle glaucoma patients	11
The impact of visual axis position on the optical quality after implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses with different asphericity values	11
Meibomian glands visibility assessment through a new quantitative method	11
Treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) outside International Classification of ROP (ICROP) guidelines	11
Etanercept as a TNF-alpha inhibitor depresses experimental retinal neovascularization	11
Barriers to successful dichoptic treatment for amblyopia in young children	11
Association of retinal vessel density with retinal sensitivity in surgery for idiopathic epiretinal membrane	11
Efficacy of porcine acellular dermal matrix in the management of lower eyelid retraction: case series and review of the literature	11
Prospective trial of treat-and-extend regimen with aflibercept for branch retinal vein occlusion: 1-year results of the PLATON trial	11
Short-term outcomes of intravitreal faricimab for treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration	11
Posterior ocular structural and vascular alterations in severe COVID-19 patients	11
Etiopathogenesis of lacrimal sac mucopeptide concretions: insights from cinematic rendering techniques	11
Macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion in a real-life setting: a multicenter, nationwide, 3-year follow-up study	11
Basolateral activation with TLR agonists induces polarized cytokine release and reduces barrier function in RPE in vitro	10
Automatic detection of leakage point in central serous chorioretinopathy of fundus fluorescein angiography based on time sequence deep learning	10
Profile of a new extended range-of-vision IOL: a laboratory study	10
Long-term prognosis for glaucoma in patients with Posner–Schlossman syndrome	10
Optical coherence tomography characteristics of taxane-induced macular edema and other multimodal imaging findings	10
Macular, papillary and peripapillary perfusion densities measured with optical coherence tomography angiography in primary open angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma	10
A novel EyePhone© App for improving adherence to glaucoma therapy	10
Machine learning predicting myopic regression after corneal refractive surgery using preoperative data and fundus photography	10
Effects of emixustat hydrochloride in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 study	10
Intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide 0.19 mg (Iluvien®) for the treatment of uveitic macular edema: 2-year follow-up of 20 patients	10
Pneumatic retinopexy: an update	10
Orbital decompressive effect of endoscopic transorbital surgery for sphenoorbital meningioma	10
Wide-field swept-source OCT angiography (23 × 20 mm) for detecting retinal neovascularization in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy	10
Decrease of choriocapillary vascular density measured by optical coherence tomography angiography in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease	10
Multicolor imaging in macular telangiectasia—a comparison with fundus autofluorescence	10
Non-invasive high-speed blinking kinematics characterization	10
Quantitative assessment of choriocapillaris flow deficits in eyes with macular neovascularization	10
Treatment outcomes in the neovascular glaucoma tube versus trabeculectomy study	10
Feelings, preoperative anxiety, and need for information in patients undergoing intravitreal injections	10
The incidence and influence of the donor corneas positive for herpesviridae DNA in keratoplasty	10
Optical coherence tomography and the proximal lacrimal drainage system: a major review	10
Evaluation of retinal vessel density and choriocapillaris flow in migraine patients with and without aura	10
Introducing the concept of “Lacriome”	10
Visit adherence and visual acuity outcomes in patients with diabetic macular edema: a secondary analysis of DRCRnet Protocol T	10
Treat-and-extend versus fixed bimonthly treatment regimens for treatment-naive neovascular age–related macular degeneration: real world data from the Fight Retinal Blindness registry	10
Importance of continuous treatment with intravitreal aflibercept injections in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration—12-month post hoc analysis of the PERSEUS real-world evidence	10
PERSEUS 24-month analysis: a prospective non-interventional study to assess the effectiveness of intravitreal aflibercept in routine clinical practice in Germany in patients with neovascular age-relat	10
Effect of reading with a mobile phone and text on accommodation in young adults	10
The effect of optic neuritis attacks on choroidal vascularity index in patients with multiple sclerosis	9
Evaluation of the choriocapillaris after photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. A review of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) studies	9
Subthreshold laser therapy with a standardized macular treatment pattern in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy	9
The effect of latency on surgical performance and usability in a three-dimensional heads-up display visualization system for vitreoretinal surgery	9
The effect of systemic erythropoietin and oral prednisolone on recent-onset non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a randomized clinical trial	9
Standalone XEN45 Gel Stent implantation versus combined XEN45-phacoemulsification in the treatment of open angle glaucoma—a systematic review and meta-analysis	9
Difference in treatment burden of neovascular age-related macular degeneration among different types of neovascularization	9
Etiology, microbiological isolates, and antibiotic susceptibilities in culture-proven pediatric endophthalmitis: a 9-year review	9
Progression of myopic maculopathy in a Caucasian cohort of highly myopic patients with long follow-up: a multistate analysis	9
Role of the JAK/STAT pathway in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy mouse model	9
Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy for chronic angle-closure glaucoma: preliminary results	9
Benchmarking different brands of perfluorocarbon liquids	9
Correlations between visual morphological, electrophysiological, and acuity changes in chronic non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy	9
Optical coherence tomography predictors of progression of non-exudative age-related macular degeneration to advanced atrophic and exudative disease	9
Efficacy and safety of single-dose dexamethasone implantation for patients with persistent diabetic macular edema: a systematic review and meta-analysis	9
Lower refractive prediction accuracy of total keratometry using intraocular lens formulas loaded onto a swept-source optical biometer	9
Prediction of visual field from swept-source optical coherence tomography using deep learning algorithms	9
Sutureless scleral fixation: comparison between 3-piece IOL and new single-piece foldable IOL	9
ChatGPT and scientific abstract writing: pitfalls and caution	9
Pathologic myopia and severe pathologic myopia: correlation with axial length	9
Bactericidal activity of three different antiseptic ophthalmic preparations as surgical prophylaxis	9
Cytokine profiles of macular neovascularization in the elderly based on a classification from a pachychoroid/drusen perspective	9
Anti-VEGF therapies for age-related macular degeneration: a powerful tactical gear or a blunt weapon? The choice is ours	9
Tele-ophthalmology amid COVID-19 pandemic—Hong Kong experience	9
Histopathological assessments reveal retinal vascular changes, inflammation, and gliosis in patients with lethal COVID-19	9
Spontaneous orbital decompression in thyroid eye disease: new measurement methods and its influential factors	9
A pathological indicator for dysthyroid optic neuropathy: tritan color vision deficiency	9
Subclinical Retinal versus Brain Findings in Infants with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy	9
Exudative non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration	9
Severity of visual field defects in primary congenital glaucoma and their risk factors	9
Analysis of international publication trends in artificial intelligence in ophthalmology	9
Surgery-related characteristics, efficacy, safety and surgical team satisfaction of three-dimensional heads-up system versus traditional microscopic equipment for various vitreoretinal diseases	9
Relation of anatomy with function following the surgical treatment of idiopathic epiretinal membrane: a multicenter retrospective study	9
Combined fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling with internal limiting membrane flap technique for progressive myopic traction maculopathy	9
Ocular perfusion in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction measured by optical coherence tomography angiography	9
Airborne pathogen projection during ophthalmic examination	9
Quantitative analysis of retinal and choriocapillary vascular density of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome by optical coherence tomography angiography	9
Choroidal vascular alterations evaluated by ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy	9
A comparative study of the choroidal vascularity indexes in the fellow eyes of patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy and central serous chorioretinopathy by binarization method	9
Protective effect of the extremolytes ectoine and hydroxyectoine in a porcine organ culture	9
The association of myopia progression with the morphological changes of optic disc and β-peripapillary atrophy in primary school students	8
Tendon elongation with bovine pericardium in strabismus surgery—indications beyond Graves’ orbitopathy	8
The amniotic membrane for retinal pathologies. Insights on the surgical techniques	8
Evaluation of the optic nerve head vessel density in the patients with asymmetric pseudoexfoliative glaucoma: an OCT angiography study	8
Communicating with patients with nAMD and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic	8
Clinical characteristics of retinal arterial macroaneurysms and prognosis of different interventions	8
Intrinsic differences in rod and cone membrane composition: implications for cone degeneration	8
Choroidal thickening in retinal vein occlusion patients with serous retinal detachment	8
Comparative profile of ocular surface microbiome in vernal keratoconjunctivitis patients and healthy subjects	8